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Nomadism Is An Ancient And Universal Phenomenon. Since The Beginning Of Mankind There Have Been Nomads In All The Countries. The Present Book Is A Comprehensive Sociological Research Study Of One Such Artisan Nomadic Community Of India. The Subject Of This Study Is The Community Of The Nomadic Blacksmiths Of India`S Rajasthan State Who Trace Their Origin From The Upper Rajput Caste And From The Times Of The Mughal Emperor Akbar`S Attack On The Famous Chittorgarh Fort Of Rajasthan Over Four Decades Book. Dejected By The Defeat Of The Ruler Of Chittorgarh, These Patriots Decided To Become Nomads, Adopt Blacksmithy As Their Profession, And Not To Return To Their Original Place, The Famous Rajput Fort Of Chittorgarh, Till It Required Independence. During The Last 450 Years Or So, They Have Thus Emerged As A Distinct Kind Of Artisan Nomad. This Happy Interesting Book Throws Up A Number Of Challenging Questions Before Sociologists Planners, Socialists, Anthropologists And Folk-Lorists.
The specific themes covered in this volume are modernisation and the victimisation of the disadvantaged; nomadic pastoralism and tribal organisation as separate from the state; the rise of chiefships or states in regions where it was pastoralism rather than agriculture that produced wealth; artisanal mobility and the kinds of crafts produced by pastoralists; the desertions of agrarian settled regions in the past; the forms of incorporation of tribal society into feudal states; shifting cultivation and its relationships with peasantry and local markets; and the gradual changes effected in pastoral society in early Tamilakam. This volume is based on a symposium sponsored by the Social Science Centre, which is engaged in action-oriented participatory research on issues of current concern. Its publications include Tribal Education for Community Development (1989); and Tribal Identity and Minority Status: The Katkari Nomads in Transition (1994).
The book attempts to trace ecological insights embedded in two major folk epics of Rajasthan – Epic of Pabuji and Epic of Devnarayan. The first chapter explores man’s relation with nature in past and attempts to locate the genesis of our attitudes towards nature in ancient myths as well as its portrayal in literature. It tries to define ecology and summarises the ideas about ecological literary criticism given by various critics. It highlights the tradition and types of oral epics in Rajasthan. The second chapter named “Cultural Ecology” focuses on the mutuality and interdependence of nature and culture. It reflects upon what effects human culture has on nature and vice versa in context of the epics of Pabuji and Devnarayan. The chapter focuses on literary ecology which explores the ecological dimensions of literary texts and also puts forth the artistic capability of the text as an agency of ecological awareness. The third chapter named “History, Aesthetics and Phad” explores how painters make phad and to what purpose these phads are made, what purposes of bhopas and commercial consumers it fulfils and in what ways bhopas inspire the process. It also discusses the history of visual narratives and locates the place of phad in it. It delves deep into the history of phad tradition of painting as well as its aesthetics. The discussion of aesthetics of phad foregrounds how phad helps bhopa in devising as well as improvising the narrative. The fourth chapter named “Performance and Ecology” focuses on how performances of folk epics of Pabuji and Devnarayan further an ecological vision in which natural surroundings play a contributory role in formation of meanings. An interconnection between the ecology of the region and the performance of phad has been evaluated which contributes in comprehending the full ecological implications of phad. An analysis of both the epics from an ecological literary perspective substantiates the excellence and contribution of the epics in enriching the literary genre with different aspects of ecological connections between man and other natural elements on earth. The book establishes that the literary ecology of phad is as diverse as an ecosystem. The ecology of phad thrives on cultural diversity, including people from all fields, such as phad painters, phad performers, and the audience/followers of the deities. This correlation is based not only on their economic relations or transactions, but they also depend upon each other for their exclusive identity.
Contributed articles on Adivasis and their social uprootment in India.
Although nomadic peoples are scattered worldwide and have highly heterogeneous lifestyles, they face similar threats to their mobile livelihood and survival. Commonly, nomadic peoples are facing pressure from the predominant sedentary world over mobility, land rights, water resources, access to natural resources, and migration routes. Adding to these traditional problems, rapid growth in the extractive industry and the need for the exploitation of the natural resources are putting new strains on nomadic lifestyles. This book provides an innovative rights-based approach to the issue of nomadism looking at issues including discrimination, persecution, freedom of movement, land rights, cultural and political rights, and effective management of natural resources. Jeremie Gilbert analyses the extent to which human rights law is able to provide protection for nomadic peoples to perpetuate their own way of life and culture. The book questions whether the current human rights regime is able to protect nomadic peoples, and highlights the lacuna that currently exists in international human rights law in relation to nomadic peoples. It goes on to propose avenues for the development of specific rights for nomadic peoples, offering a new reading on freedom of movement, land rights and development in the context of nomadism.
The Thar Desert, which is today divided by an international boundary, has historically been a frontier region connecting Punjab, Multan, Sindh, Gujarat and Rajasthan. This book looks at the Desert as an historical region shaped through the mobility of its inhabitants - warriors, pastoralists, traders, ascetics and bards, often in overlapping capacities. It challenges the frames of Mughal-Rajput relationships generally employed to explore the histories of the Thar, arguing that Rajputana remains an inadequate category to explore polities located in this frontier region, where along with Rajputs, a range of groups, such as Charans, Bhils, Meenas, Soomras and Pathans controlled circulation, and with whom the Rajput states had to constantly negotiate. Sifting through a wide range of Rajasthani written and oral narratives, travelogues of British administrators, and vernacular as well as English records, the book explores long-term relationships between mobility, martiality, memory and identity in the desert expanses of the Thar.
This book presents multidisciplinary critical engagement in Tribe-British relations, the interfacing between colonial mind and tribal worldview, and some of their contemporary implications to conceptualise tribal space and mobilisation at national, regional, and native levels. The approach, argument, and theoretical underpinnings introduce a new perspective dimension of enquiry in tribal studies and enlarge its scope as a distinct academic discipline. It provides theoretical and methodological insights and an innovative analytical frame for a grand intellectual engagement beyond the boundary of conventional disciplines but within the interactive matrix of India’s social, cultural, political, religious, and economic space. The book is a pioneering work in the emerging field of tribal studies and a vital reference point for students and academics and non-academics alike who are engaged in tribal issues.
Death penalty has produced endless discourses not only in the context of prisons, prisoners and punishment but also in various legal aspects concerning the validity of death penalty, the right to life, and torture. Death penalty is embedded in Indian law, however very little is known about the people who are on death row barring a few media reports on them. The main objective of this book is to enquire whether the dignity of prisoners is upheld while they confront the criminal justice system and whilst surviving on death row. Additionally, it explores the lived-experiences and perceptions of prisoners on death row as they create meaning out of their world. With this rationale, 111 prisoners on death row in India and some of their family members were interviewed. The theoretical underpinnings of phenomenology and symbolic interactionism coupled with data analysis lead to an understanding of the prisoners on death row with special reference to their demographic profile and the impact of death sentence on their families. George’s research highlights three salient features, namely: poverty, social exclusion and marginalisation are antecedent to death penalty; death penalty is a constructed account by the state machinery; and prisoners on death row situate dignity higher in the juxtaposition of death and dignity.