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The society of traditional India is frequently characterized as static and dominated by caste. This study challenges older interpretations, arguing that medieval India was actually a time of dynamic change and fluid social identities. Using records of religious endowments from Andhra Pradesh, author Cynthia Talbot reconstructs a regional society of the precolonial past as it existed in practice.
The book delves into the lives of the Telugus in the 17th and 18th centuries. It highlights the existing social conditions in the region. At the same time it emphasises on certain changes witnessed due to the Muslim rule and the arrival of the traders from European countries. Besides their economic activities, the traders made inroads into the socio - political realm of the region. The Qutb-Shahi dynasty, the short Mughal rule under Aurangazeb, and the subsequent Asaf Jahi rule culminated in the establishment of a distinct Hyderabadi Culture, that is famous for religious tolerance and amalgamation of different cultures, and the emergence of Deccani as a language of the people! The two new religions, Islam and Christanity, created curiosity, conflicts and conversions in the region. The lack of patrons dealt a blow to the Brahmanical religion. Alternative medicinal system of the Islamic world, Unani was introduced. The Europeans introduced western surgery to the Royalty. The book highlights the emergence of a social order with new castes and sub castes, the change in the social hierarchy, the womens position, social reforms, a new dressing style in the upper section of society and the cosmopolitan luxury in the form of furniture, toiletry, jewelry etc.
The essays in this volume explore the myriad ways in which caste (varna and jati) has been theorized and critiqued in multiple philosophical, religious, logical and narrative traditions in India. Spanning ancient, medieval and modern times, and in diverse classical and vernacular languages, the chapters show how the social fact of caste, and imaginations of kinship, community and humanity were historically subject to epistemological, spiritual, and existential debate in both elite and popular circles in India. Textual Lives of Caste Across the Ages seeks to bridge the interdisciplinary gap between historians and sociologists by focusing on texts that help us think across the sociological and philosophical, the political and the religious, the epistemological and the aesthetic, and indeed, the elite and the popular. The volume also sets up a conversation between scholars specializing in different regions, archives, and historical periods and demonstrates how caste imaginaries have been deeply diverse and contested in India's past. Reconstructing these diverse traditions of social and existential criticism helps us in our contemporary struggles against caste hierarchy and untouchability and enriches our contemporary critical repertoire.
The Present Book Is A Study Of The Socio-Political History Of Medieval Andhra From A Woman`S Perspective. The Traditional Historiography Has Either Ignored The Positive Role Of Women Or Portrayed It As Insignificant. The Fundamental Contributions Of Women To Socio-Economic Life Have Not Been Fully Brought About. The Study, It Is Hoped, Will Make A Useful Contribution To Women`S History As We May Note That In Several Aspects The Status Of Women Today Does Not Seem To Have Changed Much From The Study Period; Particularly The Importance Of Gender Roles, Status Of Widows And The Victimization Of Women.
This book offers a systematic analysis of the violent clashes between the South Indian 'right' and 'left' hand caste divisions that repeatedly rocked the European settlements on the Coromandel Coast in the early colonial period. Whereas the Indian population expected the colonial authorities to intervene in the disputes, the Europeans were reluctant to get involved in conflicts which they barely understood. In the nineteenth century the significance of the divisions diminished, a development that has long puzzled historians and anthropologists. In addition, this study addresses the larger issue of the nature of colonial encounters. The rich material relating to these disputes convincingly demonstrates how Europeans and Indians, as they sought to incorporate each other into their own social structure and conceptual universe, participated in a dialogue on the nature of South Indian society.
This book is about the legal regulation of caste discrimination. It highlights the difficulty of capturing caste in international and domestic law, and suggests solutions. Its aim is to contribute to the task of understanding how to secure effective legal protection from and prevention of discrimination on grounds of caste, and why this is important and necessary. It does this by examining the legal conceptualization and regulation of caste as a social category and as a ground of discrimination, in international law and in two national jurisdictions (India and the UK), identifying their complexities, strengths, limitations and potential. Adopting a broadly chronological approach, the book aims to present an account of the role of law in the construction of caste inequality and discrimination, and the subsequent legal efforts to dismantle it. The book will be of value to lawyers and non-lawyers, academics and students of human rights, international law, equalities and discrimination, descent-based and caste-based discrimination, minority rights, and South Asia and its diaspora. It will be a resource for legal practitioners and those in the public and non-governmental sectors involved in the implementation, interpretation and enforcement of equality law in the UK – the first European country to introduce the word "caste" into domestic equality legislation – and in countries with South Asian diasporas such as the USA.
In the current climate of increasing absence of resistance from within traditions as that of Hinduism, this book offers a fresh read for those who look for resisting narratives that break free from the fold of larger narratives. The ‘little narrative’ here is an oral epic of the Telugu peoples that itself has spawned a flowing tradition of its own, with several other written texts, performances, plays and songs, and even movies based on it. However, what this book foregrounds is not the popularity of this Telugu oral epic tradition, but the problems involved when the oral tradition in all its variety of storytelling and performative renditions undergoes a cultural translation and appropriation by the dominant textual tradition. For instance, there have been attempts to bring all the different versions of the Palna?tivi?rula Katha under one textual rubric. This book, gently suggests that there must be a cultural politics at work behind such attempts and within the ambit of its five chapters and the attendant annexures, presents the oral epic narrative in all its multiplicities of story lines as also presentations. The larger effort here is to highlight the resistance offered by a people in terms of the creation and production of local narratives that have stood the test of time and, more importantly, the retrieval of the consciousness of a people by revisiting and foregrounding these creations. This book, as one turns its last page, certainly gets the reader in touch with a Telugu consciousness, for gaining a sense of which we need not search inside the books in a library but must restore to the people their oral stories and performances in all their varieties and contradictions.
Contributed articles.
This book looks at movements of communities which formed the lower and middle rungs of society in medieval and early colonial India. It presents migration, mobility and memories from a specifically Indian perspective, breaking away from previous Eurocentric studies. The essays in the volume focus on labour, peasant and craft migrations, and in fleshing out the causes and trajectories taken by these communities, they speak to each other by addressing similar issues as well as documenting varying responses to analogous situations.A fascinating history of migrations ofpeople from below the volume adopts a trans-disciplinary approach and uses inscriptions, official records, and literary texts along with community narratives and folk tradition. This will be of great interest to scholars and students of migration and diaspora studies, medieval and modern South Asian history, social anthropology and subaltern studies.