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An introduction to the politics and society of post-colonial Nigeria, highlighting the key themes of ethnicity, democracy, and development.
The autocratic regime of Sani Abacha (1993-1998) stands out as a watershed in the history of independent Nigeria. Nigeria's darkest years since the civil war resulted from his unrestrained personal rule; very close to the features associated with warlordism. Nepotism, corruption, violation of human rights, procrastination over the implementation of a democratic transition, and the exploitation of ethnic, cultural or religious identities, also resulted in the accumulation of harshly repressed frustrations. In this book, some distinguished scholars, journalists and civil society activists examine this process of democratic recession, and its institutional, sociological, federal and international ramifications. Most of the contributions were originally presented at a seminar organized by the Centre d'Etude d'Afrique Noire (CEAN) in Bordeaux.
In 2015, Nigeria's voters cast out the ruling People's Democratic Party (PDP). Here, A. Carl LeVan traces the political vulnerability of Africa's largest party in the face of elite bargains that facilitated a democratic transition in 1999. These 'pacts' enabled electoral competition but ultimately undermined the party's coherence. LeVan also crucially examines the four critical barriers to Nigeria's democratic consolidation: the terrorism of Boko Haram in the northeast, threats of Igbo secession in the southeast, lingering ethnic resentments and rebellions in the Niger Delta, and farmer-pastoralist conflicts. While the PDP unsuccessfully stoked fears about the opposition's ability to stop Boko Haram's terrorism, the opposition built a winning electoral coalition on economic growth, anti-corruption, and electoral integrity. Drawing on extensive interviews with a number of politicians and generals and civilians and voters, he argues that electoral accountability is essential but insufficient for resolving the representational, distributional, and cultural components of these challenges.
A mini-history of a nation's life told in the stories of three protagonists
The global movement toward democracy, spurred in part by the ending of the cold war, has created opportunities for democratization not only in Europe and the former Soviet Union, but also in Africa. This book is based on workshops held in Benin, Ethiopia, and Namibia to better understand the dynamics of contemporary democratic movements in Africa. Key issues in the democratization process range from its institutional and political requirements to specific problems such as ethnic conflict, corruption, and role of donors in promoting democracy. By focusing on the opinion and views of African intellectuals, academics, writers, and political activists and observers, the book provides a unique perspective regarding the dynamics and problems of democratization in Africa.
In "Nigeria: Tragedy of a Democracy," readers are taken on a captivating exploration of the tumultuous journey of Nigerian democracy. The book delves deep into the challenges that have hindered its progress, providing valuable insights into potential avenues for improvement and the realization of a stronger, fairer, and more equitable democratic system. With meticulous research and analysis, the author shines a light on the intricate web of obstacles that have plagued Nigerian democracy. From systemic corruption and flawed electoral processes to the persistent presence of insecurity and violence, the book uncovers the multifaceted challenges that have hindered the country's democratic development. Importantly, the book goes beyond a mere diagnosis of the problems and offers thoughtful insights into potential solutions. It emphasizes the need for comprehensive anti-corruption measures, electoral reforms, and a robust security strategy to ensure the protection of citizens' rights and the promotion of political participation. The book also underscores the importance of collective action, citizen empowerment, and the fostering of accountability and transparency. Through its rigorous examination of the challenges and its forward-looking approach, "Nigeria: Tragedy of a Democracy" serves as a valuable resource for scholars, policymakers, activists, and citizens invested in the future of Nigerian democracy. It invites readers to engage in critical reflection, thoughtful dialogue, and proactive measures to foster a stronger and more inclusive democratic system. Ultimately, the book inspires hope and a sense of agency, reminding readers that with concerted efforts and a commitment to change, Nigeria has the potential to overcome its democratic challenges and pave the way for a brighter future—a future marked by resilience, fairness, and equity for all its citizens.
The past few years have been very traumatic ones for many Nigerians. With the exception of those in power or close to the seat of power, the changes of 1998 were a welcome relief given the tyranny and repression that the country had suffered under General Abacha. With many people in prison and more in exile, the death of Abacha was received with a sigh of relief. Many observers have seen the resilience that has come to signify the strength and potential of this once 'giant of Africa', as well as the destruction and the socio-political and economic decay of the past decades. The Nigerian people have endured the exploitation of their rights due to the lack of democratic leadership, and with this in mind, they have been called to attention to fight for their country.
Nigeria, the United States’ most important strategic partner in West Africa, is in grave trouble. While Nigerians often claim they are masters of dancing on the brink without falling off, the disastrous administration of President Goodluck Jonathan, the radical Islamic insurrection Boko Haram, and escalating violence in the delta and the north may finally provide the impetus that pushes it into the abyss of state failure. In this thoroughly updated edition, John Campbellexplores Nigeria’s post-colonial history and presents a nuanced explanation of the events and conditions that have carried this complex, dynamic, and very troubled giant to the edge. Central to his analysis are the oil wealth, endemic corruption, and elite competition that have undermined Nigeria’s nascent democratic institutions and alienated an increasingly impoverished population. However, state failure is not inevitable, nor is it in the interest of the United States. Campbell provides concrete new policy options that would not only allow the United States to help Nigeria avoid state failure but also to play a positive role in Nigeria’s political, social, and economic development.
This book argues that the structure of the policy-making process in Nigeria explains variations in government performance better than other commonly cited factors.