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Documented analysis procedures of travel and emission impacts of Congestion Mitigation/Air Quality (CM/AQ) Improvement Program projects are required by the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA). The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) realized a need to assist Texas metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) with their analysis of CM/AQ projects. A search of the current literature and telephone surveys with FHWA personnel was conducted to assess what procedures were available for use in Texas, and to determine what procedures were in use around the nation. Through the span of this project, the importance of vehicle emissions associated with the vehicle's operating mode became increasingly important from results of research work sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Several analysis examples of transportation projects are presented. Discussions of their expected versus evaluated benefits and potential impact of vehicle operating emissions on analysis techniques are given in the report. The report concludes with several caveats detailing findings and aspects of analysis discussed in this report.
Traffic-Related Air Pollution synthesizes and maps TRAP and its impact on human health at the individual and population level. The book analyzes mitigating standards and regulations with a focus on cities. It provides the methods and tools for assessing and quantifying the associated road traffic emissions, air pollution, exposure and population-based health impacts, while also illuminating the mechanisms underlying health impacts through clinical and toxicological research. Real-world implications are set alongside policy options, emerging technologies and best practices. Finally, the book recommends ways to influence discourse and policy to better account for the health impacts of TRAP and its societal costs. - Overviews existing and emerging tools to assess TRAP's public health impacts - Examines TRAP's health effects at the population level - Explores the latest technologies and policies--alongside their potential effectiveness and adverse consequences--for mitigating TRAP - Guides on how methods and tools can leverage teaching, practice and policymaking to ameliorate TRAP and its effects
Diseases related to the air pollution caused by road transport affect tens of thousands of people in the WHO Europe region each year. This publication considers the policy challenges involved in the need to reduce the related risks to public health and the environment, whilst meeting socio-economic requirements for effective transport systems. It sets out a systematic review of the literature and a comprehensive evaluation of the health hazards of transport-related air pollution, including factors determining emissions, the contribution of traffic to pollution levels, human exposure and the results of epidemiological and toxicological studies to identify and measure the health effects, and suggestions for policy actions and further research.
This document identifies intermodal technical assistance activities originating within the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) which should be of use to metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) and State and local planners in fulfilling their responsibilities under the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) and the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA). The areas of intermodal technical assistance activity are: air quality analysis; citizen/industry participation; congestion management; economic analysis; environmental and social impact analysis; geographic information systems; intermodal facilities planning; intermodal freight transportation; intermodal systems -- planning and management; metropolitan and statewide planning activities; resource centers; transportation statistics; travel demand forecasting; and travel demand management.