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This volume presents detailed statistics about the circumstances of personal injury road accidents. Some 50 data items are collected by the police STATS19 system for each accident, including the time and location of the accident, the types of vehicles involved and what they were doing at the time of the accident, as well as some information on the drivers and casualties involved. In 2009 there was a reported total of 222,146 casualties of all severities (4 per cent lower than 2009). Of those, 2,222 people were killed in road accidents, 316 fewer (12 per cent lower) than in 2008. It has long been known that a considerable proportion of non-fatal injury accidents are not reported to the police and the current best estimate is that the total number of road casualties in Great Britain each year is around 700,000. In addition to the detailed tables there are seven articles containing further analysis on specific road safety topics: an overview and trends in the police data; valuation of road accidents and casualties; drinking and driving; contributory factors in road accidents; survey data on road traffic accidents, including an overall estimate of total casualties; hospital admissions data on road casualties; road safety research. The statistics in STATS19 were reviewed recently and some changes recommended. Also, a new electronic police accident reporting system, CRASH, for secure collection, validation, transmission and storage of road traffic collision reports, is to be introduced in 2011 and 2012.
This volume presents detailed statistics about the circumstances of personal injury road accidents. Some 50 data items are collected for each accident, including the time and location of the accident, the types of vehicles involved and what they were doing at the time of the accident, as well as some information on the drivers and casualties involved. On average seven people were killed each day in 2008, less than half the rate in 1951. The Department for Transport, the Scottish Government and the Welsh Assembly Government are working on a new road safety strategy for 2010 onwards, which will establish the approach, targets and measures for further reducing road casualties. The known fact that a considerable proportion of non-fatal injury accidents are not reported to the police is reflected in the new title for this annual publication. There are also seven articles containing further analysis on specific road safety topics: a general overview and progress towards casualty reduction targets; a valuation of road accidents and casualties in Great Britain in 2008; drinking and driving; contributory factors to road accidents; comparing police data on road accidents with other sources; an illustrative analysis of linked police and hospital data; an overview of road safety research.
This first IRTAD annual report comprises a synthesis of the main trends in traffic deaths and crashes in 2008 and presents the IRTAD Group and its activities. It includes detailed reports from 28 countries, focusing on the latest data for the year ...
This paper presents the Government's response to the North Report on Drink and Drug Driving and the Transport Committee's report on Sir Peter North's recommendations. It outlines measure the Government intends to introduce. The prescribed alcohol limit for driving will not be changed, with the focus instead on improving enforcement and education to tackle the drink and drug drivers who put lives at risk. Other measures on drink driving include: revocation of the right for people whose evidential breath test result is less than 40% over the limit to opt for a blood test (the 'statutory option') - the breath testing equipment used in police stations is now very accurate and technically sophisticated so a blood sample is not needed to confirm the breath test; a more robust drink drive rehabilitation scheme; closing a loophole used by high risk offenders to delay their medical examinations; streamlining the procedure for testing drink drivers in hospital. On drug driving the Government will: approve preliminary drug-testing equipment - initially for use in police stations, and at the roadside as soon as possible; allow custody nurses to advise the police whether or not a suspected driver has a condition that may be due to a drug, removing the need to call out police doctors and so speed up the testing process; examine the case for a new specific drug driving offence - alongside the existing one - which would remove the need for the police to prove impairment on a case-by-case basis where a specified drug has been detected.
This second Annual report of the IRTAD Group comprises a synthesis of the main trends in the year 2009, in terms of the development in the number of traffic deaths and crashes and preliminary trends for the year 2010.
Zoonotic diseases constitute a public health problem throughout the world. Addressing a little studied area of veterinary and medical science, this book covers the viruses, bacteria and protozoan and helminth parasites that are transmitted between man and dogs, discussing population management, control disease agents and human-dog relationships. Fully updated throughout, this new edition also includes two new chapters on benefits of the human-dog relationship and non-infectious disease issues with dogs. It is a valuable resource for researchers and students of veterinary and human medicine, microbiology, parasitology and public health.
Chapter 1 Introduction 1. Background and Purpose 2. Decrease of Road Traffic Accidents Involving Children 3. Nationwide System for the Road Safety of Children 4. Major Road Traffic Safety Policies for Children 5. International Cooperation and Knowledge Sharing Chapter 2 Decrease in Traffic Accidents Involving Children 1. Introduction 2. Glossary of Terms 3. Korea’s Main Road Safety Indicators 4. Analysis of Trends in Road Traffic Accidents Involving Children 5. International Comparisons of Road Traffic Accidents Involving Children Chapter 3 Road Safety Regulations for Children 1. Introduction 2. Constitutional Grounds for Protecting Children and Relevant Rights 3. A Legal and Institutional Framework for the Protection of Children 4. Development and Achievements of Traffic Safety Regulations for Children Chapter 4 Road Safety Education for Children 1. Introduction 2. Impact of Education on Reducing Child Road Deaths 3. Establishment of Government Affiliated Road Safety Organizations and Their Educational Activities (1980-) 4. Establishment of Road Safety Education at School (1990-) 5. The Role of Local Governments and Communities Chapter 5 School Zone Improvement Projects 1. Introduction 2. A Legal and Institutional Framework for School Zones 3. Status and Characteristics of School Zone Traffic Accidents Involving Children 4. School Zone Improvement Projects and a Case Study Chapter 6 Operation of School Buses for Children 1. Introduction 2. Operation of School Vehicles for Children 3. Policies Related to the Protection of School Vehicles for Children 4. Traffic Safety Related to School Buses for Children 5. Policy Achievements and Limitations Chapter 7 Civic Activities for Children’s Road Safety 1. Introduction 2. Birth and Development of Civic Groups 3. Major Civic Groups and Their Activities 4. Major Activities 5. Achievements and Future Tasks Chapter 8 Child Traffic Accident Reduction Targets and Future Policy Directions 1. The National Transportation Safety Master Plan 2. Child Road Casualty Reduction Targets 3. Road Safety Policy Directions for Children
This book examines how safety failings during the use of any designed product or system—be it a car, a building, or a chemical plant—can be mitigated through effective understanding of the conditions and controls surrounding its use. Drawing on historical failures and their own real-world experience, Dr Andy Painting and David England explain how corporate culture, engineering safety, personnel selection, and proper safety auditing are key ingredients to maintaining safety in all aspects of an organization’s operations. This effective strategy is also crucial to linking back to the design of future products in establishing where operational failures have been identified and can therefore be "designed out" in future iterations. The book challenges silo thinking among the various safety-related disciplines and shows how this can be counter-productive to effective safety management. Effectively Managing the Case for Safety draws on key features from engineering, design, and health and safety processes, which, when used cohesively, promote a better working environment for everyone and help to reduce wasted time, money, and effort for any organization. Safety is tracked from the initial design stage through any product’s entire service life and includes evidence of how safety affects, and is affected by, all those who interact with a product, system, or project. Following their first book, An Effective Strategy for Safe Design in Engineering and Construction, which demonstrated how current construction regulations can be used as a framework to ensure that safety is embedded into the design of virtually any product from machinery to buildings, this follow up book defines what safe is, how it is initially derived, and how the operational safety of any product, during its in-use phase, can be managed and assessed. The result is not only to ensure compliance with relevant regulations but also to actively ensure the ongoing safety of all those who interact with a product or project.
Since publication of the seventh edition of this seminal text, personal injury law has witnessed momentous changes. A major overhaul of the social security system began in 2012 and the Equality Act 2010 significantly modifies anti-discrimination law and its impact on the disabled. But perhaps the most important legal developments have affected the financing and conduct of personal injury claiming and the operation of the claims-management industry. This new edition takes account of all this activity while setting it into a wider and longer perspective. Complaints that Britain is a 'compensation culture' and that the tort system is out of control are explained and assessed and options for further change are explored. Through the turmoil and controversy, the tort system remains a central feature of the legal and social landscape. The book's enduring central argument for its radical reform remains as compelling as ever.
18% of all drivers killed in road accidents are over the drink-drive limit (In 2007, based on coroners' data.) but only approximately 3% of drivers in the UK are stopped and tested for alcohol compared to the European average of 16%.. This report calls for the police to be given an additional power to permit preliminary breath tests as part of any designated drink drive enforcement operation. Currently, the police may stop any vehicle but can only test the driver's breath if there is an element of suspicion. There is concern that a reduction in the blood alcohol concentration limit would send out mixed messages but that the aimed for effectively zero limit is too great a step at present. Instead, concentration should be on stricter enforcement of the current limit and public education. It is felt that the success of Great Britain's drink driving policy to date is largely attributable to the deterrent effect of the current 12-month mandatory disqualification penalty and the Committee supports retaining that penalty. The committee also calls for the improvement of the detection of drug driving and to strengthen public perception about the likelihood of drug drivers being caught by the police. The Government's commitment to install drug screening devices in every police station by 2012 is welcomed though this interim measure should not eclipse the Government's aim over the medium-term to develop and type-approve a drug screening device for use at the roadside, drawing on relevant experience of doing this in the other parts of the world