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This eleventh edition was developed during the encyclopaedia's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the time and it is considered to be a landmark encyclopaedia for scholarship and literary style.
In the early 1980s, two water-supply systems on the Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune in North Carolina were found to be contaminated with the industrial solvents trichloroethylene (TCE) and perchloroethylene (PCE). The water systems were supplied by the Tarawa Terrace and Hadnot Point watertreatment plants, which served enlisted-family housing, barracks for unmarried service personnel, base administrative offices, schools, and recreational areas. The Hadnot Point water system also served the base hospital and an industrial area and supplied water to housing on the Holcomb Boulevard water system (full-time until 1972 and periodically thereafter). This book examines what is known about the contamination of the water supplies at Camp Lejeune and whether the contamination can be linked to any adverse health outcomes in former residents and workers at the base.
Water Pollution: Causes, Effects And Control Is A Book Providing Comprehensive Information On The Fundamentals And Latest Developments In The Field Of Water Pollution.The Book Is Divided Into 28 Chapters Covering Almost All The Aspect Of Water Pollution Including Water Resources And General Properties Of Water; History Of Water Pollution And Legislation; Origin, Sources And Effects Of Pollutants; Bioaccumulation And Biomagnification; Toxicity Testing And Interaction Of Toxicities In Combination; Water Quality Standards; Biomonitoring Of Water Pollution; Bacteriological Examination And Purification Of Drinking Water; Monitoring And Control Of Pollution In Lakes, Rivers, Estuaries And Coastal Waters; Physical And Biological Structure Of Aquatic Systems; And Structure, Properties And Uses Of Water.Some Important Topics Like Eutrophication, Organic Pollution, Oil Pollution And Thermal Pollution Have Been Discussed In Detail. The Water Pollution Caused By Pesticides, Heavy Metals, Radio Nuclides And Toxic Organics And Inorganic Along With The Water Quality Problems Associated With Water-Borne Pathogens And Nuisance Algae Have Also Been Dealt With Extensively.The Book Covers In Detail The Flow Measurement And Characterization Of Waste Waters In Industries, And Control Of Water Pollution By Employing Various Techniques For Treatment Of Biological And Nonbiological Wastes. The Considerations For Recycling And Utilization Of Waste Waters Have Also Found A Place In The Book. Special Topic Has Also Been Given On Water Pollution Scenario And Water Related Policies And Programmes In India.The Book Shall Be Of Immediate Interest To The Students Of Environmental Science, Life Science And Social Sciences Both At Undergraduate And Postgraduate Levels. People From A Wide Variety Of Other Disciplines Like Civil, Chemical And Environmental Engineering; Pollution Control Authorities; Industries; And Practicing Engineers, Consultants And Researchers Will Also Find The Book Of Great Interest.
Water quantity—too much in the case of floods, or too little in the case of droughts—grabs public attention and the media spotlight. Water quality—being predominantly invisible and hard to detect—goes largely unnoticed. Quality Unknown: The Invisible Water Crisis presents new evidence and new data that call urgent attention to the hidden dangers lying beneath water’s surface. It shows how poor water quality stalls economic progress, stymies human potential, and reduces food production. Quality Unknown examines the effects of water quality on economic growth and finds upstream pollution lowers growth in downstream regions. It reveals that some of the most ubiquitous contaminants in water, such as nitrates and salt, have impacts that are larger, deeper, and wider than has been acknowledged. And it traces the damage to crop yields and the stark implications for food security in affected regions. An important step toward tackling the world’s water quality challenge is recognizing its scale. The world needs reliable, accurate, and comprehensive information so that policy makers can have new insights, decision making can be evidence based, and citizens can call for action. The report calls for a paradigm shift that emphasizes safer, and often more cost-effective remedies that prevent pollution by combining smarter policies with newer technologies. A key message of Quality Unknown is that such solutions exist and change is possible.
This 592-page spiral-bound reference provides a baseline of information for all those involved with managing living marine resources in California and chronicles changes that have occurred in many of the state’s fisheries. Organized by marine ecosystems: bays and estuaries, nearshore and offshore. Includes illustrated species descriptions with details of biological knowledge, fishery history, landings data, population status and references. Also includes sections on marine birds and mammals and appendices containing management considerations (by species), a glossary of technical terms and acronyms and fishing gear illustrations. Jointly produced by the California Sea Grant Extension Program and the California Department of Fish and Game following the passage of the Marine Life Protection Act in January 1999.
In 1997, New York City adopted a mammoth watershed agreement to protect its drinking water and avoid filtration of its large upstate surface water supply. Shortly thereafter, the NRC began an analysis of the agreement's scientific validity. The resulting book finds New York City's watershed agreement to be a good template for proactive watershed management that, if properly implemented, will maintain high water quality. However, it cautions that the agreement is not a guarantee of permanent filtration avoidance because of changing regulations, uncertainties regarding pollution sources, advances in treatment technologies, and natural variations in watershed conditions. The book recommends that New York City place its highest priority on pathogenic microorganisms in the watershed and direct its resources toward improving methods for detecting pathogens, understanding pathogen transport and fate, and demonstrating that best management practices will remove pathogens. Other recommendations, which are broadly applicable to surface water supplies across the country, target buffer zones, stormwater management, water quality monitoring, and effluent trading.
Global water crisis is a challenge to the security, political stability and environmental sustainability of developing nations and with climate, economically and politically, induces migrations also for the developed ones. Currently, the urban population is 54% with prospects that by the end of 2050 and 2100 66% and 80%, respectively, of the world's population will live in urban environment. Untreated water abstracted from polluted resources and destructed ecosystems as well as discharge of untreated waste water is the cause of health problems and death for millions around the globe. Competition for water is wide among agriculture, industry, power companies and recreational tourism as well as nature habitats. Climate changes are a major threat to the water resources. This book intends to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in integrated assessment of water resource management in the urbanizing world, which is a foundation to develop society with secure water availability, food market stability and ecosystem preservation.
This volume describes the methods used in the surveillance of drinking water quality in the light of the special problems of small-community supplies, particularly in developing countries, and outlines the strategies necessary to ensure that surveillance is effective.