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The report contains Neil Crank's judgement on the status of the non-renewable resource regulatory systems in Northern Canada, with a focus on the Northwest Territories, including recommendations that if implemented will provide for improved regulatory systems. There are also twenty-two (22) recommendations which will bring about improvements that will complement the overall Northern Regulatory Improvement Initiative.--Includes text from document.
Federal regulation is a basic tool of government. Agencies issue thousands of rules and regulations each year to achieve goals such as ensuring that workplaces, air travel, and foods are safe; that the nation's air, water and land are not polluted; and that the appropriate amount of taxes are collected. The costs of these regulations are estimated to be in the hundreds of billions of dollars, and the benefits estimates are even higher. Over the past 25 years, a variety of congressional and presidential regulatory reform initiatives have been instituted to refine the federal regulatory process. This testimony discusses findings from the large number of GAO reports and testimonies prepared at the request of Congress to review the implementation of regulatory reform initiatives. Specifically, GAO discusses common strengths and weaknesses of existing reform initiatives that its work has identified. GAO also addresses some general opportunities to reexamine and refine existing initiatives and the federal regulatory process to make them more effective. GAO's prior reports and testimonies contain a variety of recommendations to improve particular reform initiatives and aspects of the regulatory process.
GAO-05-939T Regulatory Reform: Prior Reviews of Federal Regulatory Process Initiatives Reveal Opportunities for Improvements
Examines the progress of the EPA Common Sense Initiative, begun in July 1994, toward its goal of finding cleaner, cheaper, smarterÓ ways of reducing or preventing pollution & the methods EPA uses to measure progress. Resolving future environmental challenges will require a fundamentally different approach, which the agency calls regulatory reinvention.Ó Some have questioned the progress of EPA's reinvention efforts & of the Common Sense Initiative in particular. This report assesses: EPA's progress in achieving the goal the agency set for the Initiative & the methods EPA uses to measure the progress of the Initiative toward its goal.
In recent decades, advances in biomedical research have helped save or lengthen the lives of children around the world. With improved therapies, child and adolescent mortality rates have decreased significantly in the last half century. Despite these advances, pediatricians and others argue that children have not shared equally with adults in biomedical advances. Even though we want children to benefit from the dramatic and accelerating rate of progress in medical care that has been fueled by scientific research, we do not want to place children at risk of being harmed by participating in clinical studies. Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children considers the necessities and challenges of this type of research and reviews the ethical and legal standards for conducting it. It also considers problems with the interpretation and application of these standards and conduct, concluding that while children should not be excluded from potentially beneficial clinical studies, some research that is ethically permissible for adults is not acceptable for children, who usually do not have the legal capacity or maturity to make informed decisions about research participation. The book looks at the need for appropriate pediatric expertise at all stages of the design, review, and conduct of a research project to effectively implement policies to protect children. It argues persuasively that a robust system for protecting human research participants in general is a necessary foundation for protecting child research participants in particular.