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This book details the peculiarities of the requirements for refractories designed for aluminium metallurgical process: reduction, cast house, and anode production. The author describes requirements specific to the properties and structure of refractory materials that differentiate it from the refractories for ferrous metallurgy and other refractories. A comparison is drawn between the properties and structure of refractories and carbon cathode materials from different points of view: from the point of physical chemistry and chemistry interactions during the metallurgical process and from the point of design of reduction pots and furnaces with the aspect to the service life time of metallurgical aggregates.
The book provides process engineers, an insight into refractories focusing on its importance and requirements in chemical process industries such as refinery and petrochemicals, syngas manufacturing, coal gasification, limestone calcinations, carbon black, glass, and cement production. Additionally the book discusses the refractory requirements for the CFBC boiler, and waste heat utilization process to generate steam. The book describes characterization of refractory material and selection process of the refractory for lining different equipments pertaining to the chemical process industry. The book covers refractory installation techniques, and the precautions to be taken during installation are discussed in detail along with the theoretical background. It explains the physical and chemical factors that influence the performances of refractory, mechanism of its degradation in service and emphasizes on the thermo-chemical and thermo-mechanical aspects and their role in that process . The content lays out different methods of monitoring Refractory lining conditions while the furnace is in operation and also elucidates few methods to repair the worn out lining without taking a shutdown. The scheme of investigation of a refractory failure is an added feature.
This book explains the refractories from different fundamental aspects, even with the support of phase diagrams, and also details the prominent applications of these industrial materials. The initial chapters cover fundamentals of refractories, classifications, properties, and testing, while later chapters describe different common shaped and unshaped refractories in detail and special refractories in a concise manner. The second edition includes new classifications, microstructures, the effect of impurities with binary and ternary phase diagrams, and recent trends in refractories including homework problems and an updated bibliography. Features: Provides exclusive material on refractories Discusses detailed descriptions of different shaped and unshaped refractories Covers concepts like environmental issues, recycling, and nanotechnology Explores details on testing and specifications including thermochemical and corrosion behavior Includes a separate chapter on trends of refractories and other issues This book is aimed at junior/senior undergraduate students and researchers of ceramics, metallurgical engineering, and refractories.
This comprehensive reference details the technical, chemical, and mechanical aspects of high-temperature refractory composite materials for step-by-step guidance on the selection of the most appropriate system for specific manufacturing processes. The book surveys a wide range of lining system geometries and material combinations and covers a broad
This book provides process engineers with all of the information necessary for installation, maintenance and management of refractory in a cement industry. It describes how to characterize the refractory material and select refractories for various equipments in the cement plant. The author explains refractory installation, in general, and the rotary kiln specifically, as it is distinct from static furnaces used in metallurgical or process industries. It also details the chemical and physical factors that influence refractory performance and has discussed the mechanism of degradation of refractories with special emphasis on thermo-chemical and thermo-mechanical aspects. The heat transfer calculation and energy loss from the equipment surfaces has been addressed. A chapter in the book is dedicated for the management of refractory quality and the installation quality at the site. Maximizes reader understanding of the operating conditions in different equipments and how those are related to selection of refractories; Details the process variables and their influences on the performance of the refractories; Elucidates subtle points of refractory installation to ensure optimal performance; Presents heat transfer calculations and quality management protocols of refractory installation. Reinforces the concepts with many illustrations and tables.
This book explains the refractories from different fundamental aspects, even with the support of phase diagrams, and also details the prominent applications of these industrial materials. The initial chapters cover fundamentals of refractories, classifications, properties, and testing, while later chapters describe different common shaped and unshaped refractories in detail and special refractories in a concise manner. The second edition includes new classifications, microstructures, the effect of impurities with binary and ternary phase diagrams, and recent trends in refractories including homework problems and an updated bibliography. Features: Provides exclusive material on refractories Discusses detailed descriptions of different shaped and unshaped refractories Covers concepts like environmental issues, recycling, and nanotechnology Explores details on testing and specifications including thermochemical and corrosion behavior Includes a separate chapter on trends of refractories and other issues This book is aimed at junior/senior undergraduate students and researchers of ceramics, metallurgical engineering, and refractories.
All Refractories Are Ceramics but Not All Ceramics Are Refractories Ceramics and refractories cover a wide range of fields and applications, and their relevance can be traced as far back as 24,000 BC to the first man-made piece of earthenware, and as recently as the late 1900s when ceramics and ceramic matrix composites were developed to withstand ultra-high temperatures. Beginning with a detailed history of ceramics, An Introduction to Ceramics and Refractories examines every aspect of ceramics and refractories, and explores the connection between them. The book establishes refractories as a class of ceramics with high fusion points, introduces the fundamentals of refractories and ceramics, and also addresses several applications for each. Understand Ceramic Properties and Refractory Behavior The book details applications for natural and synthetic ceramics, as well as traditional and engineering applications. It focuses on the various thermal and thermo-mechanical properties of ceramics, classifies refractories, describes the principles of thermodynamics as applied to refractories, and highlights new developments and applications in the ceramic and refractory fields. It also presents end-of-chapter problems and a relevant case study. Divided into three sections, this text: Introduces and details the applications of ceramics and refractories Discusses the selection of materials and the two stages in selection Describes the phase equilibriums in ceramic and refractory systems Outlines the three important systems: unary, binary, and ternary Considers corrosion of ceramics and refractories, failures in ceramics and refractories, and the design aspects Addresses bonding, structures of ceramics, defects in ceramics, and ceramics’ microstructures Covers the production of ceramic powders starting from the raw materials Explains four forming methods Highlights three types of thermal treatments Defines mechanical properties, and thermal and thermo-mechanical properties Classifies materials and designates classes Addressing topics that include corrosion, applications, thermal properties, and types of refractories, An Introduction to Ceramics and Refractories provides you with a basic knowledge of the fundamentals of refractories and ceramics, and presents a clear connection between refractory behavior and ceramic properties to the practicing engineer.
This valuable handbook details the various monolithic refractories currently in use, and pays particular attention to their chemical and physical behaviors during manufacturing, installation, and the duty cycle. It addresses, from the practitioner's point of view, the critical aspects of reactions involved with the refractory body as it approaches the used temperature with the processing environment. To ensure optimum performance, it describes the application, installation, and design of refractory components. The handbook includes suitable tables and figures, and provides an historical perspective on the evolution of the refractory industry. Practicing ceramic engineers, scientists, raw material suppliers, and research and development personnel in the refractory manufacturing industry will find this book invaluable. Also suitable as a reference for courses in ceramic engineering specializing in refractories.