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For nearly a century, scientific advances have fueled progress in U.S. agriculture to enable American producers to deliver safe and abundant food domestically and provide a trade surplus in bulk and high-value agricultural commodities and foods. Today, the U.S. food and agricultural enterprise faces formidable challenges that will test its long-term sustainability, competitiveness, and resilience. On its current path, future productivity in the U.S. agricultural system is likely to come with trade-offs. The success of agriculture is tied to natural systems, and these systems are showing signs of stress, even more so with the change in climate. More than a third of the food produced is unconsumed, an unacceptable loss of food and nutrients at a time of heightened global food demand. Increased food animal production to meet greater demand will generate more greenhouse gas emissions and excess animal waste. The U.S. food supply is generally secure, but is not immune to the costly and deadly shocks of continuing outbreaks of food-borne illness or to the constant threat of pests and pathogens to crops, livestock, and poultry. U.S. farmers and producers are at the front lines and will need more tools to manage the pressures they face. Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030 identifies innovative, emerging scientific advances for making the U.S. food and agricultural system more efficient, resilient, and sustainable. This report explores the availability of relatively new scientific developments across all disciplines that could accelerate progress toward these goals. It identifies the most promising scientific breakthroughs that could have the greatest positive impact on food and agriculture, and that are possible to achieve in the next decade (by 2030).
Agriculture is one of the oldest and most global human enterprises, and as the world struggles with sustainable practices and policies, agricultural chemistry has a clear role to play. This book highlights the ways in which science in agriculture is helping to achieve global sustainability in the twenty- first century, and demonstrates that this science can and should be a leading contributor in discussions on environmental science and chemistry. The four drivers of this subject are presented, those being economic, environmental, regulatory and scientific, and help showcase agricultural chemistry as a dynamic subject that is contributing to this necessity of global sustainability in the twenty-first century. Features: Explains the necessary role of agricultural chemistry in the sustainability of the world in the 21st century Recognizes past practices and future potential, guided by global demand and the four drivers: economic, scientific, regulatory and environmental Presents a much needed multi-dimensional approach to the subject Demonstrates that agricultural chemistries can and should be leading contributors in discussion on environmental science and chemistry Highlights new products, processes, applications and developments in green chemistry, which demonstrates how agriculture is adapting in the new age
While nutraceuticals were verified to be expedient, they often lack stability, bioavailability, and permeability, and nano-nutraceuticals are being developed to afford a solution to the problem. Nanotechnology in Nutraceuticals: Production to Consumption delves into the promises and prospects of the application of nanotechnology to nutraceuticals, addressing concepts, techniques, and production methods. Nutraceuticals retain less stability, efficacy, and bioavailability when entering the human body. To overcome such problems, nanotechnology shows promise when applied as a tool to improve the quality and stability of nutraceuticals. This book discusses metallic nanoparticles and their applications in the food industry with specific application to nutraceuticals. It includes detailed discussion on potential functional properties of nutraceuticals with regard to antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory activity, and anti-cancer activity. Since nanoparticles can be toxic past a certain limit, implementing nanotechnology under thoughtful regulations is considered critical. The book addresses these issues with chapters covering the principles for the oversight of nanotechnologies and nanomaterials in nutraceuticals, the implications of regulatory requirements, the ethics and economics of nano-nutraceuticals, and consumer acceptance of nanotechnology based foods.
A comprehensive reference for assessing the antioxidant potential of foods and essential techniques for developing healthy food products Measurement of Antioxidant Activity and Capacity offers a much-needed resource for assessing the antioxidant potential of food and includes proven approaches for creating healthy food products. With contributions from world-class experts in the field, the text presents the general mechanisms underlying the various assessments, the types of molecules detected, and the key advantages and disadvantages of each method. Both thermodynamic (i.e. efficiency of scavenging reactive species) and kinetic (i.e. rates of hydrogen atom or electron transfer reactions) aspects of available methods are discussed in detail. A thorough description of all available methods provides a basis and rationale for developing standardized antioxidant capacity/activity methods for food and nutraceutical sciences and industries. This text also contains data on new antioxidant measurement techniques including nanotechnological methods in spectroscopy and electrochemistry, as well as on innovative assays combining several principles. Therefore, the comparison of conventional methods versus novel approaches is made possible. This important resource: Offers suggestions for assessing the antioxidant potential of foods and their components Includes strategies for the development of healthy functional food products Contains information for identifying antioxidant activity in the body Presents the pros and cons of the available antioxidant determination methods, and helps in the selection of the most appropriate method Written for researchers and professionals in the nutraceutical and functional food industries,academia and government laboratories, this text includes the most current knowledge in order to form a common language between research groups and to contribute to the solution of critical problems existing for all researchers working in this field.
The series Molecular Methods of Plant Analysis launches the former 'Modern Methods' into the 'molecular' era with this volume on "Taste and Aroma". Analysis of the plant components interacting with these two senses, so important for the very survival of human beings and, in more recent times, the key to their enjoyment of life as well, is presented with examples of the use of molecular approaches. These include DNA microarrays, antisense technology and RNA gel blot analysis.Some recent advances in plant analysis technology embrace amongst others the use of electroantennography in the detection of physiologically important flower volatiles. An introductory chapter explains what we know about the molecular biology of human taste and aroma receptors, as this has implications for the analysis of plant components interacting with these receptors. As the first volume in the molecular series, this book lays the foundation for others to come.
Six Chemicals That Changed Agriculture is a scientific look at how the chemicals used in today's food production were developed, evaluated, and came to be in wide-spread use. From fertilizers to pest management, antibiotics to DNA, chemicals have transformed the way our food is grown, protected, and processed. Agriculture is the world's most important environment interaction, the essential human activity, and an increasingly controversial activity because of its use and presumed misuse of chemistry. The major characteristics of US agriculture for at least the last six decades have been rising productivity, declining number of mid-size farms, increasing farm size, an increasing percentage of farm production on fewer, large farms, increasing dependence of chemical technology and more developmental research being done by the agricultural chemical industry rather than by independent land-grant universities. Another equally important feature of modern agriculture is wide-spread suspicion of its technology by the public. The book will recount examples of this suspicion related to specific chemicals and present the essence of the suspicion and its results. - Offers an historical analysis of the discovery and development some aspects of the chemistry of modern agriculture - Addresses the advantages, disadvantages, desirable and undesirable results of the use of each of the chosen chemicals and compares and contrasts the real and frequently assumed problems of their use - Provides valuable insights into the history and application of these focused chemicals, enabling readers to apply the lessons to new agricultural chemical developments
Find out more about convenient immunoassays you can implement in your own research! From the Foreword, by M. S. Swaminathan, Chairman of the M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation: “The book provides remedies to the common maladies relating to quality and safety of dietary material. Professor Narayanasamy has compiled and presented with great clarity the latest information on all aspects relating to immunology in plant health and food safety. We owe Professor Narayanasamy a deep debt of gratitude for this labor of love in the cause of improving food and feed quality and safety.” Immunology in Plant Health and Its Impact on Food Safety suggests cost-effective, simple, and sensitive immunological techniques to assess plant health and food safety for the production of desirable foods, feeds, and timbers. This book explores the structure and biochemical constituents of healthy plants and the abiotic and biotic stresses that can cause a marked reduction in quantity and quality of agricultural produce. Researchers, faculty members, and graduate scholars in plant pathology, microbiology, biochemistry, environmental sciences, and food technology will find this text useful for producing healthy plants while maintaining a pollution-free environment. In Immunology in Plant Health and Its Impact on Food Safety, methods to develop stress-resistant cultivars are discussed to enable you to select the most suitable strategies for maintaining production and quality without the use of chemicals. This valuable resource provides detailed instructions for employing immunoassays that are rapid, reproducible, and amenable for large-scale application in place of cumbersome and expensive methods currently in use. With this important tool, you will be able to plan and develop programs to obtain agricultural produce of high quality acceptable for human and animal consumption. With Immunology in Plant Health and Its Impact on Food Safety, you’ll learn more about: agrosystems immunological reactions preparations of antisera immunodetection techniques plant-stress interactions genetic manipulations disease resistance and the production of disease-free plants mycotoxins chemical residues This essential guide provides you with access to a wide spectrum of information never before encompassed in a single book, saving you time and energy. Figures, photographs, and tables with appropriate data supply visual and factual support for the points discussed in the text. Immunology in Plant Health and Its Impact on Food Safety includes a large number of citations (over 1000) for further research and development in your chosen field of study.
Commercially used for food flavorings, toiletry products, cosmetics, and perfumes, among others, citrus essential oil has recently been applied physiologically, like for chemoprevention against cancer and in aromatherapy. Citrus Essential Oils: Flavor and Fragrance presents an overview of citrus essential oils, covering the basics, methodology, and applications involved in recent topics of citrus essential oils research. The concepts, analytical methods, and properties of these oils are described and the chapters detail techniques for oil extraction, compositional analysis, functional properties, and industrial uses. This book is an unparalleled resource for food and flavor scientists and chemists.
This book is the Proceedings of the 12th International Flavor Conference, 4th George Charalambous Memorial Symposium, held May 25-29, 2009 in Skiathos, Greece. The International Flavor Conferences are sponsored by the Agricultural Food Chemistry Division of the American Chemical Society and are attended by leaders in the in the field of flavor and food chemistry. The International Flavor Conferences have been held as a global forum for leaders in the field of flavor and food chemistry to present their results covering recent research activities. As in previous years the conference stresses flavors as its main theme but also includes important topics in food chemistry (analytical methods, packaging storage) and production (safety, patents). Information gathered by researchers in food chemistry have found numerous practical applications for improving foods, and symposia such as this have a goal of transferring basic knowledge to finished products. Recent Advances in Food and Flavor Chemistry: Food Flavors and Encapsulation, Health Benefits, Analytical Methods, and Molecular Biology of Functional Foods will be a useful reference for researchers and other professionals in the industry and academia, particularly those involved directly in food science. This book covers several topical areas and includes: -A historical look at the use of isotopic analyses for flavour authentication -Computer-aided organic synthesis as a tool for generation of potentially new flavouring compounds from ascorbic acid -Butter flavors and microwave popcorn: A review of health issues and industry actions -The aroma of guavas - Key aroma compounds and influence of tissue disruption -Flavour release in lipid rich food matrices; in vitro and in vivo measurement using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry -A study of the fate of aspartame and flavour molecules in chewing gum utilizing LC/MS/MS and GC/MS -Study on the interaction of selected phenolic acids with bovine serum albumin.