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Annotation. Proceedings from the First International Conference on Inverse Problems, Recent Theoretical Development and Numerical Approaches, held at the City University of Hong Kong from January 9-12, 2002.
The book concerns theoretical and numerical aspects of systems of conservation laws, which can be considered as a mathematical model for the flows of inviscid compressible fluids. Five leading specialists in this area give an overview of the recent results, which include: kinetic methods, non-classical shock waves, viscosity and relaxation methods, a-posteriori error estimates, numerical schemes of higher order on unstructured grids in 3-D, preconditioning and symmetrization of the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations. This book will prove to be very useful for scientists working in mathematics, computational fluid mechanics, aerodynamics and astrophysics, as well as for graduate students, who want to learn about new developments in this area.
In January 2012 an Oberwolfach workshop took place on the topic of recent developments in the numerics of partial differential equations. Focus was laid on methods of high order and on applications in Computational Fluid Dynamics. The book covers most of the talks presented at this workshop.
Hyperbolic partial differential equations describe phenomena of material or wave transport in physics, biology and engineering, especially in the field of fluid mechanics. The mathematical theory of hyperbolic equations has recently made considerable progress. Accurate and efficient numerical schemes for computation have been and are being further developed. This two-volume set of conference proceedings contains about 100 refereed and carefully selected papers. The books are intended for researchers and graduate students in mathematics, science and engineering interested in the most recent results in theory and practice of hyperbolic problems. Applications touched in these proceedings concern one-phase and multiphase fluid flow, phase transitions, shallow water dynamics, elasticity, extended thermodynamics, electromagnetism, classical and relativistic magnetohydrodynamics, cosmology. Contributions to the abstract theory of hyperbolic systems deal with viscous and relaxation approximations, front tracking and wellposedness, stability of shock profiles and multi-shock patterns, traveling fronts for transport equations. Numerically oriented articles study finite difference, finite volume, and finite element schemes, adaptive, multiresolution, and artificial dissipation methods.
The present status of Density Functional Theory (DFT), which has evolved as the main technique for the study of matter at the atomistic level, is described in this volume. Knowing the behavior of atoms and molecules provides a sure avenue for the design of new materials with specific features and properties in many areas of science and technology. A technique based on purely first principles allowing large savings in time and money greatly benefits the specialist or designer of new materials.The range of areas where DFT is applied has expanded and continues to do so. Any area where a molecular system is the center of attention can be studied using DFT.The scope of the 22 chapters in this book amply testifies to this.
From earlier ecological studies it has become apparent that simple univariate or bivariate statistics are often inappropriate, and that multivariate statistical analyses must be applied. Despite several difficulties arising from the application of multivariate methods, community ecology has acquired a mathematical framework, with three consequences: it can develop as an exact science; it can be applied operationally as a computer-assisted science to the solution of environmental problems; and it can exchange information with other disciplines using the language of mathematics. This book comprises the invited lectures, as well as working group reports, on the NATO workshop held in Roscoff (France) to improve the applicability of this new method numerical ecology to specific ecological problems.
This text presents numerical differential equations to graduate (doctoral) students. It includes the three standard approaches to numerical PDE, FDM, FEM and CM, and the two most common time stepping techniques, FDM and Runge-Kutta. We present both the numerical technique and the supporting theory.The applied techniques include those that arise in the present literature. The supporting mathematical theory includes the general convergence theory. This material should be readily accessible to students with basic knowledge of mathematical analysis, Lebesgue measure and the basics of Hilbert spaces and Banach spaces. Nevertheless, we have made the book free standing in most respects. Most importantly, the terminology is introduced, explained and developed as needed.The examples presented are taken from multiple vital application areas including finance, aerospace, mathematical biology and fluid mechanics. The text may be used as the basis for several distinct lecture courses or as a reference. For instance, this text will support a general applications course or an FEM course with theory and applications. The presentation of material is empirically-based as more and more is demanded of the reader as we progress through the material. By the end of the text, the level of detail is reminiscent of journal articles. Indeed, it is our intention that this material be used to launch a research career in numerical PDE.
Control and Dynamic Systems: Advances in Theory Applications, Volume 55: Digital and Numeric Techniques and their Applications in Control Systems, Part 1 of 2 covers advances in numerical and computational techniques for the design of modern complex control systems. This book presents a comprehensive treatment of the many issues that are dealt with in modern complex systems. It discusses the efficacy of significant techniques for robust control design; model reduction; adaptive estimation of discrete-time stochastic systems; parameter estimation; and loop transfer recovery. Students, research workers, and practising engineers will find this book invaluable.
Approach your problems from the right end It isn't that they can't see the solution. It is and begin with the answers. Then one day, that they can't see the problem. perhaps you will find the final question. G. K. Chesterton. The Scandal of Father 'The Hermit Clad in Crane Feathers' in R. Brown 'The point of a Pin'. van Gu!ik's The Chinese Maze Murders. Growing specialization and diversification have brought a host of monographs and textbooks on increasingly specialized topics. However, the "tree" of knowledge of mathematics and related fields does not grow only by putting forth new branches. It also happens, quite often in fact, that branches which were thought to be completely disparate are suddenly seen to be related. Further, the kind and level of sophistication of mathematics applied in various sciences has changed drastically in recent years: measure theory is used (non-trivially) in regional and theoretical economics; algebraic geometry interacts with physics; the Minkowsky lemma, coding theory and the structure of water meet one another in packing and covering theory; quantum fields, crystal defects and mathematical programming profit from homotopy theory; Lie algebras are relevant to filtering; use Stein spaces. And in addition to this there are and prediction and electrical engineering can such new emerging subdisciplines as "experimental mathematics", "CFD", "completely integrable systems", "chaos, synergetics and large-scale order", which are almost impossible to fit into the existing classification schemes. They draw upon widely different sections of mathematics.