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Recent results on rare kaon and pion decays are reviewed and prospects for future experiments are discussed.
The author discusses the status of and prospects for the study of rare decays of kaons, muons, and pions. Studies of rare kaon decays are entering an interesting new phase wherein they can deliver important short-distance information. It should be possible to construct an alternative unitarity triangle to that determined in the B sector, and thus perform a critical check of the Standard Model by comparing the two. Rare muon decays are beginning to constrain supersymmetric models in a significant way, and future experiments should reach sensitivities which this kind of model must show effects, or become far less appealing.
In 1947, the first of what have come to be known as "strange particles" were detected. As the number and variety of these particles proliferated, physicists began to try to make sense of them. Some seemed to have masses about 900 times that of the electron, and existed in both charged and neutral varieties. These particles are now called kaons (or K mesons), and they have become the subject of some of the most exciting research in particle physics. Kaon Physics at the Turn of the Millennium presents cutting-edge papers by leading theorists and experimentalists that synthesize the current state of the field and suggest promising new directions for the future study of kaons. Topics covered include the history of kaon physics, direct CP violation in kaon decays, time reversal violation, CPT studies, theoretical aspects of kaon physics, rare kaon decays, hyperon physics, charm: CP violation and mixing, the physics of B mesons, and future opportunities for kaon physics in the twenty-first century.
This thesis describes the search for the rare decay K →?+?{bar {nu}} in the pion momentum region 140 MeV/c ≤ P{sub {pi}+} ≤ 195 MeV/c. This is a Flavor Changing Neutral Current (FCNC) decay which is forbidden to the first order in the Standard Model (SM) by the GIM mechanism. However, this decay mode is allowed in the second order by two Z-Penguin and one box diagram and is expected to have a branching ratio of (0.72 ± 0.21) x 10−1°. This decay mode is sensitive to the coupling of top to down quark and therefore a measurement of the branching ratio for this decay mode provides a measurement of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element V{sub td}. The recent observation of two events in the pion momentum region 211 MeV/c ≤ P{sup {pi}+} ≤ 229 MeV/c estimates a branching ratio of 1.57{sub -0.82}{sup +1.75} x 10−1° for the same decay mode. We have extended the search for this decay to the lower pion momentum region. Data collected by the Experiment E787 at Brookhaven National Laboratory during the 1996 and 1997 run were analyzed in this thesis.
A search for K0L & rarr; pi0nunu was performed on data taken during the last Run of the E391a experiment at KEK. Blind analysis approach was adopted. The acceptance for the signal was improved from previous analysis by about 40% because of a better understanding of the background. With (3.48 +/- 0.25) * 109 K0L decays, we found no candidate events. An upper limit of 6.96 x 10-8 on the K0L & rarr; pi0nunu branching ratio was set at the 90% confidence level.
This thesis describes the search for the rare decay K[sup+][yields][pi][sup+][nu][bar[nu]] in the pion momentum region 140 MeV/c[le] P[sub[pi][sup+]][le] 195 MeV/c. This is a Flavor Changing Neutral Current (FCNC) decay which is forbidden to the first order in the Standard Model (SM) by the GIM mechanism. However, this decay mode is allowed in the second order by two Z-Penguin and one box diagram and is expected to have a branching ratio of (0.72[+-] 0.21) x 10[sup -10]. This decay mode is sensitive to the coupling of top to down quark and therefore a measurement of the branching ratio for this decay mode provides a measurement of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element V[sub td]. The recent observation of two events in the pion momentum region 211 MeV/c[le] P[sup[pi][sup+]][le] 229 MeV/c estimates a branching ratio of 1.57[sub -0.82][sup+1.75] x 10[sup -10] for the same decay mode. We have extended the search for this decay to the lower pion momentum region. Data collected by the Experiment E787 at Brookhaven National Laboratory during the 1996 and 1997 run were analyzed in this thesis.