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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Fifth International AMAST Workshop on Formal Methods for Real-Time and Probabilistic Systems, ARTS '99, held in Bamberg, Germany in May 1999. The 17 revised full papers presented together with three invited contributions were carefully reviewed and selected from 33 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on verification of probabilistic systems, model checking for probabilistic systems, semantics of probabilistic process calculi, semantics of real-time processes, real-time compilation, stochastic process algebra, and modeling and verification of real-time systems.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Foundations of Software Science and Computation Structures, FOSSACS 2005, held in Edinburgh, UK in April 2005 as part of ETAPS. The 30 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 108 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on rule formats and bisimulation, probabilistic models, algebraic models, games and automata, language analysis, partial order models, logics, coalgebraic modal logics, and computational models.
One of the key challenges in service-oriented systems engineering is the prediction and assurance of non-functional properties, such as the reliability and the availability of composite interorganizational services. Such systems are often characterized by a variety of inherent uncertainties, which must be addressed in the modeling and the analysis approach. The different relevant types of uncertainties can be categorized into (1) epistemic uncertainties due to incomplete knowledge and (2) randomization as explicitly used in protocols or as a result of physical processes. In this report, we study a probabilistic timed model which allows us to quantitatively reason about nonfunctional properties for a restricted class of service-oriented real-time systems using formal methods. To properly motivate the choice for the used approach, we devise a requirements catalogue for the modeling and the analysis of probabilistic real-time systems with uncertainties and provide evidence that the uncertainties of type (1) and (2) in the targeted systems have a major impact on the used models and require distinguished analysis approaches. The formal model we use in this report are Interval Probabilistic Timed Automata (IPTA). Based on the outlined requirements, we give evidence that this model provides both enough expressiveness for a realistic and modular specifiation of the targeted class of systems, and suitable formal methods for analyzing properties, such as safety and reliability properties in a quantitative manner. As technical means for the quantitative analysis, we build on probabilistic model checking, specifically on probabilistic time-bounded reachability analysis and computation of expected reachability rewards and costs. To carry out the quantitative analysis using probabilistic model checking, we developed an extension of the Prism tool for modeling and analyzing IPTA. Our extension of Prism introduces a means for modeling probabilistic uncertainty in the form of probability intervals, as required for IPTA. For analyzing IPTA, our Prism extension moreover adds support for probabilistic reachability checking and computation of expected rewards and costs. We discuss the performance of our extended version of Prism and compare the interval-based IPTA approach to models with fixed probabilities.
This book gathers selected high-quality research papers presented at the Fourth International Congress on Information and Communication Technology, held at Brunel University, London, on February 27–28, 2019. It discusses emerging topics pertaining to information and communication technology (ICT) for managerial applications, e-governance, e-agriculture, e-education and computing technologies, the Internet of things (IoT), and e-mining. Written by respected experts and researchers working on ICT, the book offers a valuable asset for young researchers involved in advanced studies.
This title is devoted to presenting some of the most important concepts and techniques for describing real-time systems and analyzing their behavior in order to enable the designer to achieve guarantees of temporal correctness. Topics addressed include mathematical models of real-time systems and associated formal verification techniques such as model checking, probabilistic modeling and verification, programming and description languages, and validation approaches based on testing. With contributions from authors who are experts in their respective fields, this will provide the reader with the state of the art in formal verification of real-time systems and an overview of available software tools.
The first book to provide a comprehensive overview of the subject rather than a collection of papers. The author is a recognized authority in the field as well as an outstanding teacher lauded for his ability to convey these concepts clearly to many different audiences. A handy reference for practitioners in the field.
NATO's Division of Scientific and Environmental Affairs sponsored this Advan ced Study Institute because it was felt to be timely to cover this important and challengjng subject for the first time in the framework of NATO's ASI programme. The significance of real-time systems in everyones' life is rapidly growing. The vast spectrum of these systems can be characterised by just a few examples of increasing complexity: controllers in washing machines, air traffic control systems, control and safety systems of nuclear power plants and, finally, future military systems like the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). The import ance of such systems for the well-being of people requires considerable efforts in research and development of highly reliable real-time systems. Furthermore, the competitiveness and prosperity of entire nations now depend on the early app lication and efficient utilisation of computer integrated manufacturing systems (CIM), of which real-time systems are an essential and decisive part. Owing to its key significance in computerised defence systems, real-time computing has also a special importance for the Alliance. The early research and development activities in this field in the 1960s and 1970s aimed towards improving the then unsatisfactory software situation. Thus, the first high-level real-time languages were defined and developed: RTL/2, Coral 66, Procol, LTR, and PEARL. In close connection with these language develop ments and with the utilisation of special purpose process control peripherals, the research on real-time operating systems advanced considerably.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Graph Transformation, ICGT 2017, held as part of STAF 2017, in Marburg, Germany, in July 2017. The 14 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 23 submissions. The papers cover a wide range of topics including theoretical approaches to graph transformation and their verification, model-driven engineering, chemical reactions as well as various applications. They are organized in the following topical sections: foundations; graph language and parsing; analysis and verification; and model transformation and tools.
The Automated Technology for Veri?cation and Analysis (ATVA) international symposium series was initiated in 2003, responding to a growing interest in formal veri?cation spurred by the booming IT industry, particularly hardware design and manufacturing in East Asia. Its purpose is to promote research on automated veri?cation and analysis in the region by providing a forum for int- action between the regional and the international research/industrial commu- ties of the ?eld. ATVA 2005, the third of the ATVA series, was held in Taipei, Taiwan, October 4–7, 2005. The main theme of the symposium encompasses - sign, complexities, tools, and applications of automated methods for veri?cation and analysis. The symposium was co-located and had a two-day overlap with FORTE 2005, which was held October 2–5, 2005. We received a total of 95 submissions from 17 countries. Each submission was assigned to three Program Committee members, who were helped by their subreviewers, for rigorous and fair evaluation. The ?nal deliberation by the P- gram Committee was conducted over email for a duration of about 10 days after nearly all review reports had been collected. In the end, 33 papers were - lectedforinclusionintheprogram.ATVA2005hadthreekeynotespeechesgiven respectively by Amir Pnueli (joint with FORTE 2005), Zohar Manna, and Wo- gang Thomas. The main symposium was preceded by a tutorial day, consisting of three two-hour lectures given also by the keynote speakers.
Today, software has become an intrinsic part of complex distributed embedded real-time systems. The next generation of embedded real-time systems will interconnect the today unconnected systems via complex software parts and the service-oriented paradigm. Therefore besides timed behavior and probabilistic behaviour also structure dynamics, where the architecture can be subject to changes at run-time, e.g. when dynamic binding of service end-points is employed or complex collaborations are established dynamically, is required. However, a modeling and analysis approach that combines all these necessary aspects does not exist so far. To fill the identified gap, we propose Probabilistic Timed Graph Transformation Systems (PTGTSs) as a high-level description language that supports all the necessary aspects of structure dynamics, timed behavior, and probabilistic behavior. We introduce the formal model of PTGTSs in this paper and present a mapping of models with finite state spaces to probabilistic timed automata (PTA) that allows to use the PRISM model checker to analyze PTGTS models with respect to PTCTL properties.