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The papers and discussion of a symposium on pyrometry held by the American institute of mining and metallurgical engineers at its Chicago meeting, 1919. In cooperation with the National research council and the National bureau of standarts.

Pyrometry

American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers

Published: 1920

Total Pages: 724


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A detailed review of the theoretical methods of optical pyrometry and the application of these methods at the National Bureau of Standards in realizing, maintaining and distributing the International Practical Temperature Scale above 1063 C degrees is presented.In the theoretical presentation, the concepts of effective and mean effective wavelengths are introduced, and various equations relating these parameters to each other and other physical quantities are derived.The important features of precision visual optical pyrometers are discussed and a number of blackbody sources and tungsten strip lamps described. Detailed experimental procedures and results of primary and secondary calibrations of optical pyrometers at NBS are given.Finally, recommendations for achieving high precision and accuracy and the fundamental limitations in visual optical pyrometry are presented.(Author).
Increasing possibilities of computer-aided data processing have caused a new revival of optical techniques in many areas of mechanical and chemical en gineering. Optical methods have a long tradition in heat and mass transfer and in fluid dynamics. Global experimental information is not sufficient for developing constitution equations to describe complicated phenomena in fluid dynamics or in transfer processes by a computer program . Furthermore, a detailed insight with high local and temporal resolution into the thermo-and fluiddynamic situations is necessary. Sets of equations for computer program in thermo dynamics and fluid dynamics usually consist of two types of formulations: a first one derived from the conservation laws for mass, energy and momentum, and a second one mathematically modelling transport processes like laminar or turbulent diffusion. For reliably predicting the heat transfer, for example, the velocity and temperature field in the boundary layer must be known, or a physically realistic and widely valid correlation describing the turbulence must be avail able. For a better understanding of combustion processes it is necessary to know the local concentration and temperature just ahead of the flame and in the ignition zone.