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In memoriam. Herbert Walther, scientist extraordinaire / P. Meystre. Willis E. Lamb / P. Berman -- Nobel Laureate session. When is a quantum gas a quantum liquid? / E.A. Cornell. Cooperative emission of light quanta : a theory of coherent radiation damping / R.J. Glauber. Coherent control of ultracold matter : fractional quantum Hall physics and large-area atom interferometry / S. Chu -- Precision measurements. More accurate measurement of the electron magnetic moment and the fine structure constant / G. Gabrielse. Determination of the fine structure constant with atom interferometry and Bloch oscillations / F. Biraben. Precise measurements of s-wave scattering phase shifts with a juggling atomic clock / K. Gibble. Quantum control of spins and photons at nanoscales / M.D. Lukin -- Quantum information and quantum optics. Atomic ensemble quantum memories / A. Kuzmich. Quantum non-demolition photon counting and time-resolved reconstruction of non-classical field states in a cavity / S. Haroche. Spin squeezing on an atomic-clock transition / V. Vuletić. Quantum micro-mechanics with ultracold atoms / D. Stamper-Kurn. Improved "position squared" readout using degenerate cavity modes / J.G.E. Harris -- Quantum degenerate systems. Tunable interactions in a Bose-Einstein condensate of Lithium : photoassociation and disorder-induced localization / R.G. Hulet. A purely dipolar quantum gas / T. Pfau. Bose-Einstein condensation of exciton-polaritons / Y. Yamamoto. Anderson localization of matter waves / P. Bouyer. Anderson localization of a non-interacting Bose-Einstein condensate / M. Inguscio. Fermi gases with tunable interactions / J.E. Thomas. Photoemission spectroscopy for ultracold atoms / D.S. Jin. Universality in strongly interacting Fermi gases / P.D. Drummond. Mapping the phase diagram of a two-component Fermi gas with strong interactions / Y. Shin. Exploring universality of few-body physics based on ultracold atoms near Feshbach resonances / C. Chin -- Optical lattices and cold molecules. Atom interferometry with a weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate / G. Modugno. An optical plaquette : minimum expressions of topological matter / B. Paredes. Strongly correlated bosons and fermions in optical lattices / I. Bloch. Laser cooling of molecules / P. Pillet. A dissipative Tonks-Girardeau gas of molecules / S. Dürr. Spectroscopy of ultracold KRb molecules / W.C. Stwalley. Cold molecular ions : single molecule studies / M. Drewsen -- Ultrafast phenomena. The frontiers of attosecond physics / L.F. DiMauro. Strong-field control of X-ray processes / L. Young
This unique book highlights the state of the art of the booming field of atomic physics in the early 21st century. It contains the majority of the invited papers from an ongoing series of conferences, held every two years, devoted to forefront research and fundamental studies in basic atomic physics, broadly defined. This conference, held at the University of Connecticut in July 2008, is part of a series of conferences, which began in 1968 and had its historical origins in the molecular beam conferences of the I. I. Rabi group. It provides an archival and up-to-date summary of current research on atoms and simple molecules as well as their interactions with each other and with external fields, including degenerate Bose and Fermi quantum gases and interactions involving ultrafast lasers, strong field control of X-ray processes, and nanoscale and mesoscopic quantum systems. The work of three recent Nobel Laureates in atomic physics is included, beginning with a lecture by Eric Cornell on “When Is a Quantum Gas a Quantum Liquid?”. There are also papers by Laureates Steven Chu and Roy Glauber. The volume also contains the IUPAP Young Scientist Prize lecture by Cheng Chin on “Exploring Universality of Few-Body Physics Based on Ultracold Atoms Near Feshbach Resonances”.
This unique book highlights the state of the art of the booming field of atomic physics in the early 21st century. It contains the majority of the invited papers from an ongoing series of conferences, held every two years, devoted to forefront research and fundamental studies in basic atomic physics, broadly defined. This conference, held at the University of Connecticut in July 2008, is part of a series of conferences, which began in 1968 and had its historical origins in the molecular beam conferences of the I.I. Rabi group. It provides an archival and up-to-date summary of current research on atoms and simple molecules as well as their interactions with each other and with external fields, including degenerate Bose and Fermi quantum gases and interactions involving ultrafast lasers, strong field control of X-ray processes, and nanoscale and mesoscopic quantum systems. The work of three recent Nobel Laureates in atomic physics is included, beginning with a lecture by Eric Cornell on "When Is a Quantum Gas a Quantum Liquid?". There are also papers by Laureates Steven Chu and Roy Glauber. The volume also contains the IUPAP Young Scientist Prize lecture by Cheng Chin on "Exploring Universality of Few-Body Physics Based on Ultracold Atoms Near Feshbach Resonances
This book explores the physics of atoms frozen to ultralow temperatures and trapped in periodic light structures. It introduces the reader to the spectacular progress achieved on the field of ultracold gases and describes present and future challenges in condensed matter physics, high energy physics, and quantum computation.
Powerful new techniques, including heavy ion and exotic beams, are pushing the frontiers of nuclear physics and opening up a wealth of new fields of research. After introductory chapters on theoretical and experimental aspects of nuclear collisions and beams, ``Exotic Nuclear Physics'' offers articles by experienced lecturers on forefront topics in nuclear physics, such as the conquest of the neutron and the proton drip-lines, nuclear astrophysics, the equation of state of hypernuclear matter, nuclear supersymmetry and chaotic motion in nuclei. This volume continues the successful tradition of published lecture notes from the Hispalensis International Summer School. It will benefit graduate students and lecturers in search of advanced material for self-study and courses as will as researchers in search of a modern and comprehensive source of reference.
This important proceedings volume highlights the major scientific achievement of the last decade in atomic physics, namely the creation of the gaseous Bose-Einstein condensate, which was featured prominently at the XVIII International Conference on Atomic Physics (ICAP2002). Two recipients of the 2001 Nobel Prize delivered lectures at the meeting. Among the topics discussed were novel processes leading to degenerate Fermi gases in atom traps, creation of cold molecules, condensates in optical lattices, atoms in intense fields, tests of fundamental symmetries, quantum control and information, time and frequency standards.
Each volume of the Dictionary of World Biography contains 250 entries on the lives of the individuals who shaped their times and left their mark on world history. This is not a who's who. Instead, each entry provides an in-depth essay on the life and career of the individual concerned. Essays commence with a quick reference section that provides basic facts on the individual's life and achievements. The extended biography places the life and works of the individual within an historical context, and the summary at the end of each essay provides a synopsis of the individual's place in history. All entries conclude with a fully annotated bibliography.
At the heart of many fields - physics, chemistry, engineering - lies thermodynamics. While this science plays a critical role in determining the boundary between what is and is not possible in the natural world, it occurs to many as an indecipherable black box, thus making the subject a challenge to learn. Two obstacles contribute to this situation, the first being the disconnect between the fundamental theories and the underlying physics and the second being the confusing concepts and terminologies involved with the theories. While one needn't confront either of these two obstacles to successfully use thermodynamics to solve real problems, overcoming both provides access to a greater intuitive sense of the problems and more confidence, more strength, and more creativity in solving them. This book offers an original perspective on thermodynamic science and history based on the three approaches of a practicing engineer, academician, and historian. The book synthesises and gathers into one accessible volume a strategic range of foundational topics involving the atomic theory, energy, entropy, and the laws of thermodynamics.
"The memoir of a prominent member of the Manhattan Project, and an intimate friend of J. Robert Oppenheimer."--Jacket.