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The book examines the various aspects of non-financial central public sector enterprises (PSEs) in India, for a period from 1986-87 to 2010-11. The analysis is based on all the key financial ratios; namely, profitability, efficiency, liquidity, leverage and productivity. Liberalization and globalization have caused competition in India and have lowered the profit margins. At the same time, Indian government has reduced subsidies and budgetary support for PSEs to curtail their own fiscal deficit. Strategic and economic reforms were also introduced in PSEs to make their operations commercially profitable so that they are not dependent on the government to meet their financial requirements on the one hand, and have their own earnings to finance their expansion/modernization requirements as well as their social obligations, on the other. To what extent, the PSEs have succeeded in this objective constitutes one major aspect of the present research work. The other equally important aspect examined is financial performance of the PSEs which have opted for disinvestment and have signed memorandum of understanding (MoU)/ self obligations. The Indian Government has desired the central PSEs to be profitable in their operations in post-liberation era of 1990s. For this purpose, two major instruments, namely, disinvestment and MoUs, were introduced. This book examines, in detail, financial performance of PSEs which had opted for disinvestment and have signed MoU. Based on analysis/ findings and literature on the subject, the book contains some concrete suggestions that would prove extremely helpful to Indian Government to further improve their financial performance. ​
This is the the first comprehensive and authoritative work covering the entire public sector in India, including public sector enterprises such as banks, insurance companies, railways and so on.
A Number Of Undertakings Were Initiated Under Public Sector In India By The People At The Helm Of Affairs With Great Expectations And Enthusiastic Approach. But The Continuous Poor Performance, Shown Specially In Resource Generation By The Public Sector, Involving A Huge Investment, Not Only Dispirited The Nation But Also Compelled The Planners To Re-Think Over The Policies Adopted Earlier Regarding This. Though Several Factors Have Been Responsible For The Failure Of This Sector, The Crucial Factor Identified Is The Lack Of A Strict Financial Management And Control.Only A Scant Look Has So Far Been Cast On The Profit Planning And Control (Budgeting) A Key To The Success Of An Enterprise. Hence, A Need Was Felt To Probe The Matter Culminating In A Sincere And Serious Attempt.The Author Hopes That This Book Will Not Only Be Fruitful In Framing Policies To Improve The Functioning Of An Enterprise But Will Also Serve As A Reference For The Students Of Financial Management.
Massive private investment that complements public investment is needed to close the demand-supply gap and make reliable power available to all Indians. Government efforts have sought to attract private sector funding and management efficiency throughout the electricity value chain, adapting its strategy over time.
In many parts of the world public enterprise is in crisis. Privatisation programmes are being widely touted as the solution to many of the problems of inefficiency and slow rates of growth associated with public enterprise. This book discusses the underlying causes of those problems, and critically examines some of the solutions that have been adopted. Its geographical coverage is wide and it cuts across the political spectrum. The experiences of countries in four continents are analysed in an attempt to shed light on current dilemmas. Recurrent patterns are found; problems are frequently seen to be political as much as economic, and bureaucracy and administrative confusion is often found to be at the heart of poor financial performance.Yet since political aims, economic environment, and administrative and managerial capabilities vary so widely, universal solutions remain more difficult to define than universal problems.
This book analyzes state-owned enterprises (SOEs), which are still significant players in many Asian economies. They provide essential public services, build and operate key infrastructure, and are often reservoirs of public employment. Their characteristics and inherent competitive advantages as publicly owned enterprises allow them to play these critical roles. Their weaknesses in governance and inefficiencies in incentive structures, however, also often lead to poor performance. SOEs must be efficient, transparent, and accountable to level the playing field for private companies, secure the growth of a vibrant private sector, and achieve sustained and inclusive economic growth. This book analyzes the reform of SOEs in Asia, the results of which are mixed. The volume concludes that some key conditions generally need to be met for SOE reforms to be successful: national bureaucracies must have the capacity to implement the reforms, and adverse impacts on international trade and investment must be avoided.
This book presents a number of cases - both in centrally planned and market economy systems - where the culture and practice of entrepreneurship were successfully introduced into the structure and activities of public enterprises. The book shows how sponsorship can help promote both public and private economic initiaitives by either turning the public enterprise into an entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial organization, or by helping small private business in the start-up stage.