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Comprehensive overview of the spectroscopic, mineralogical, and geochemical techniques used in planetary remote sensing.
Physics and Chemistry of Ice is an authoritative summary of state-of the-art research contributions from the world's leading scientists. A key selection of submissions from to the 11th International Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Ice, 2006 are presented here with a foreword by Werner F. Kuhs. An invaluable resource, this book provides researchers and professionals with up-to-date coverage on a wide range of areas in ice science including: " Spectroscopic and diffraction studies " Molecular dynamics simulations " Studies of ice mechanics " Quantum mechanical ab initio calculations " Ice and hydrate crystal growth and inhibition studies " Bulk and surface properties of ice and gas hydrates " Snow physics and chemistry This insight into topical aspects of ice research is a key point of reference for physicists, chemists, galciologists, cryo-biologists and professionals working in the fields of ice and hydrogen bonding. The Editor Werner F. Kuhs is a Professor of Crystallography at the University of G÷ttingen, Germany and has a career spanning 25 years of research in the field of water ices and gas hydrates using diffraction methods, neutron and Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force and molecular dynamics simulations. He was the Chair of the 11th International Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Ice.
Written by authors with an international reputation, acknowledged expertise and teaching experience, this is the most up-to-date resource on the field. The text is clearly structured throughout so as to be readily accessible, and begins by looking at scattering of a scalar particle by one-dimensional systems. The second section deals with the scattering of neutrons with spin in one-dimensional potentials, while the third treats dynamical diffraction in three-dimensional periodic media. The final two sections conclude with incoherent and small angle scattering, and some problems of quantum mechanics. With its treatment of the theories, experiments and applications involved in neutron optics, this relevant reading for nuclear physicists and materials scientists alike.
Crystallography may be described as the science of the structure of materi als, using this word in its widest sense, and its ramifications are apparent over a broad front of current scientific endeavor. It is not surprising, therefore, to find that most universities offer some aspects of crystallography in their undergraduate courses in the physical sciences. It is the principal aim of this book to present an introduction to structure determination by X-ray crystal lography that is appropriate mainly to both final-year undergraduate studies in crystallography, chemistry, and chemical physics, and introductory post graduate work in this area of crystallography. We believe that the book will be of interest in other disciplines, such as physics, metallurgy, biochemistry, and geology, where crystallography has an important part to play. In the space of one book, it is not possible either to cover all aspects of crystallography or to treat all the subject matter completely rigorously. In particular, certain mathematical results are assumed in order that their applications may be discussed. At the end of each chapter, a short bibliog raphy is given, which may be used to extend the scope of the treatment given here. In addition, reference is made in the text to specific sources of information. We have chosen not to discuss experimental methods extensively, as we consider that this aspect of crystallography is best learned through practical experience, but an attempt has been made to simulate the interpretive side of experimental crystallography in both examples and exercises.
The application of solid-state detectors of high energy resolution to x-ray spectrometry, and the increasing use of compu ters in both measurement and data evaluation, are giving a new stimulus to x-ray techniques in analytical chemistry. The Twentieth Annual Denver X-ray Conference reflects this renewed interest in several ways. The invited papers, grouped in Session I, review the charac teristics of the detectors used in the measurement of x-rays. One paper is dedicated to the detection of single ions. Although such a subject may appear to be marginal to the purposes of the Denver Conference, we must recognize the affinity of techniques applied to similar purposes. Ion probe mass spectrometry is dedicated to tasks similar to those performed by x-ray spectrometry with the electron probe microanalyzer. Scientists and technologists will see these two techniques discussed in the same meetings. The discussion of automation and programming is not limited to the two invited speakers, but extends to papers presented in more than one session. The matter of fluorescence analysis by isotope- and tube-excitation will also be of great interest to those concerned with the practical applications of x-ray techniques. The communications contained in this volume, and the lively discussions which frequently followed the presentation of papers, attest to the vitality of the subjects which are the concern of the Annual Denver X-ray Conference.
This book presents the majority of the contributions to the Tenth German-Vietnamese Seminar on Physics and Engineering (GVS10) that took place in the Gustav- Stresemann-Institut (GSI) in Bonn from June 6 to June 9, 2007. In the focus of these studies are the preparation and basic properties of new material systems, related investigation methods, and practical applications. Accordingly the sections in this book are entitled electrons: transport and confinement, low-dimensional systems, magnetism, oxidic materials, organic films, new materials, and methods. The series of German-Vietnamese seminars was initiated and sponsored by the Gottlieb Daimler- and Karl Benz -Foundation since 1998 and took place alt- nately in both countries. These bilateral meetings brought together top-notch senior and junior Vietnamese scientists with German Scientists and stimulated many contacts and co-operations. Under the general title “Physics and Engine- ing” the programs covered, in the form of keynote-lectures, oral presentations and posters, experimental and theoretical cutting-edge material-physics oriented topics. The majority of the contributions was dealing with modern topics of material science, particularly nanoscience, which is a research field of high importance also in Vietnam. Modern material science allows a quick transfer of research results to technical applications, which is very useful for fast developing countries like Vietnam. On the other hand, the seminars took profit from the strong cro- fertilization of the different disciplines of physics. This book is dedicated to the tenth anniversary of the seminars and nicely shows the scientific progress in Vietnam and the competitive level reached.