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This textbook introduces advanced control systems for vehicles, including advanced automotive concepts and the next generation of vehicles for ITS.
Even to the casual observer of the automotive industry, it is clear that driving in the 21st century will be radically different from driving as we know it today. Significant advances in diverse technologies such as digital maps, communication links, processors, image processing, chipcards, traffic management, and vehicle positioning and tracking, are enabling extensive development of intelligent transport systems (ITS). Proponents of ITS view these technologies as freeing designers to re-define the role and function of transport in society and to address the urgent problems of congestion, pollution, and safety. Critics, on the other hand, worry that ITS may prove too complex, too demanding, and too distracting for users, leading to loss of skill, increased incidence of human error, and greater risk of accidents. The role of human factors is widely acknowledged to be critical to the successful implementation of such technologies. However, too little research is directed toward advancing the science of human-ITS interaction, and too little is published which is useful to system designers. This book is an attempt to fill this critical gap. It focuses on the intelligent driver interface (IDI) because the ergonomics of IDI design will influence safety and usability perhaps more than the technologies which underlie it. The chapters cover a broad range of topics, from cognitive considerations in the design of navigation and route guidance, to issues associated with collision warning systems, to monitoring driver fatigue. The chapters also differ in intent -- some provide design recommendations while others describe research findings or new approaches for IDI research and development. Based in part on papers presented at a symposium on the ergonomics of in-vehicle human systems held under the auspices of the 12th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, the book provides an international perspective on related topics through inclusion of important contributions from Europe, North America, and Japan. Many of the chapters discuss issues associated with navigation and route guidance because such systems are the most salient and arguably the most complex examples of IDI. However, the findings and research methodologies are relevant to other systems as well, making this book of interest to a wide audience of researchers, design engineers, transportation authorities, and academicians involved with the development or implementation of ITS.
The 2000 edition of this long running and highly respected series, contains the best papers from the Ergonomics Society Annual Conference in 2000. The individual papers provide insight into current practice, presents new research findings, and forms an invaluable reference source. In addition to mainstream ergonomists and human factors specialists, Contemporary Ergonomics 2000 will appeal to all those who have an interest in peoples' interaction with their working and leisure environment - including designers, manufacturing and production engineers, health and safety specialists, occupational, applied and industrial psychologists and applied physiologists.
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS This book provides a systematic overview of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), offering an insight into the reference architectures developed within the main research projects. It delves into each of the layers of such architectures, from physical to application layer, describing the technological issues which are being currently faced by some of the most important ITS research groups. The book concludes with some end-user services and applications deployed by industrial partners. The book is a well-balanced combination of academic contributions and industrial applications in the field of Intelligent Transportation Systems. It includes the most representative technologies and research results achieved by some of the most relevant research groups working on ITS, collated to show the chances of generating industrial solutions to be deployed in real transportation environments.
Transformations in wireless connectivity and location-aware technologies hold the promise of bringing a sea-change in the way transportation information is generated and used in the future. Sensors in the transportation system, when integrated with those in other sectors (for example, energy, utility and health) have the potential to foster novel new ways of improving livability and sustainability. The end-result of these developments has been somewhat contradictory. Although automation in the transportation environment has become increasingly widespread, the level of involvement and active participation by people, in terms of co-creation and contribution of information, has also increased. As a result, the following two major trends have been observed: (1) increases in Machine-to- Machine (M2M) communications; and (2) increases in the variety and volume of User-Generated Content. In this transportation paradigm, the pervasive use of Information and Communication Technologies will serve as the foundation for mobility intelligence towards an “ubiquitous information-centered mobility environment”. However, many technical and operational questions, as well as social, management and legal challenges present themselves in the transformation to this vision. The book presents a non-technical review of research and initiatives and a discussion of such opportunities and challenges.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2007, held in Hangzhou, China in June 2007. Focusing on two broad areas of parallel and distributed computing, the papers are organized in topical sections on parallel algorithms, parallel architecture, grid computing, peer-to-peer technologies, and advanced network technologies.
Multimodal Perception and Secure State Estimation for Robotic Mobility Platforms Enables readers to understand important new trends in multimodal perception for mobile robotics This book provides a novel perspective on secure state estimation and multimodal perception for robotic mobility platforms such as autonomous vehicles. It thoroughly evaluates filter-based secure dynamic pose estimation approaches for autonomous vehicles over multiple attack signals and shows that they outperform conventional Kalman filtered results. As a modern learning resource, it contains extensive simulative and experimental results that have been successfully implemented on various models and real platforms. To aid in reader comprehension, detailed and illustrative examples on algorithm implementation and performance evaluation are also presented. Written by four qualified authors in the field, sample topics covered in the book include: Secure state estimation that focuses on system robustness under cyber-attacks Multi-sensor fusion that helps improve system performance based on the complementary characteristics of different sensors A geometric pose estimation framework to incorporate measurements and constraints into a unified fusion scheme, which has been validated using public and self-collected data How to achieve real-time road-constrained and heading-assisted pose estimation This book will appeal to graduate-level students and professionals in the fields of ground vehicle pose estimation and perception who are looking for modern and updated insight into key concepts related to the field of robotic mobility platforms.
This book will help engineers, technicians, and designers to better understand a wide range of sensors, from those based on piezoelectric phenomena through those for thermal and flow measurement to the directional sensors that can inform the driver of his orientation on the road. Author John Turner, concludes his book with future trends in use of telematic sensing systems for traffic control and traffic automation.