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This is an open access book. Neuroscience is an emerging branch of science that develops rapidly. It needs neurology, psychiatry, and psychology for us to understand it better. The aim of this conference is to educate and learn the current trends and research in neuroscience education. The 5th International Conference on Neuroscience, Neurology and Psychiatry (ICoNaP) 2022 is a conference held by The Faculty of Medicine of Universitas Sumatera Utara for psychiatrists, neurologists, general practitioners, and other interested specialists; the theme for this year is “Exploring the Neuroscientific Impact of Covid-19”. ICoNAP has been held annually since 2018. The conference invites both national and international speakers from many countries. Throughout these years the committee has invoted various speakers from Malaysia, Singapore, Germany, Australia, India, Thailand, the USA, France, and Malaysia. This year, we invite both national and international speakers from the United Kingdom, Japan, Australia, Singapore, and Malaysia and will be held as a virtual conference.
This is an open access book. Homeostasis is upset by stress, which also triggers an adaptive reaction that shields an organism from harm. High allostatic load, on the other hand, might result from excessive stress or stress during a sensitive time, which eventually promotes or hastens maladaptive processes. Adverse childhood experiences, often known as ACEs, are early life stresses that individuals endure and are linked to the development of behavioural abnormalities and psychiatric problems in adulthood. Furthermore, there is evidence that people with early life stress have a more severe illness course and are less receptive to treatment for mood and anxiety disorders like depression. Stress throughout early childhood is linked to a modification of the brain's developmental trajectory, which can result in long-lasting behavioural alterations, but the consequences of stress in adulthood can be temporary and reversible. Behaviour problems brought on by ELS exposure can start in adulthood or during childhood or adolescence. A developing field of research, neuroscience, is expanding quickly. Neurology, psychiatry, and psychology are necessary for a deeper understanding of it. The purpose of this conference is to inform attendees of the most recent developments in the field of neuroscience education. The Faculty of Medicine at Universitas Sumatera Utara is hosting the 6th International Conference on Neuroscience, Neurology, and Psychiatry (ICoNaP) 2023 with the theme "The impact of early life stress on the neuroscience field" for psychiatrists, neurologists, general practitioners, and other interested specialists. Since 2018, ICoNAP has occurred annually. Speakers from many different nations are invited to the conference, both nationally and internationally. The committee has elected speakers from Malaysia, Singapore, Germany, Australia, India, Thailand, the United States, France, and Malaysia over the years. This year's conference will be hosted virtually and will have speakers from Singapore, Malaysia, the United Kingdom, Japan, Australia, and Singapore. Researchers and specialists in the fields of neuroscience, neurology, and psychiatry can exchange ideas, experiences, and insights during the conference. Case studies and articles will have the opportunity to be published in international publications, and 920 researchers and professionals have so far taken part in previous ICoNAPs. More than 100 articles and case studies have also been released.
This comprehensive resource covers a range of women’s health issues and their intersection with neurologic and psychiatric disease. Chapters feature high quality, integrated information based on leading-edge research on gender-specific care and are grouped by reproductive years, pregnancy and health, and aging. Emerging science regarding sex differences in neurological and psychiatric illnesses, including anxiety, reproductive health, conversion disorders, depression and ethical issues in pregnancy, stroke risk factors, and successful aging strategies are covered along with clinical application of this knowledge to the delivery of care. In addition, in those medical problems that afflict both men and women, authors will point out the different risks, prevalence, presentations, and responses to treatments or outcomes in women. Written by renowned experts in the field, this textbook will thoroughly address the educational needs of physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants in the areas of neurology, psychiatry, internal medicine, and obstetrics and expanding their understanding of concerns unique to female patients.
This volume presents a concise yet comprehensive overview on all facets concerning the complications of cirrhosis. Structured in three sections, the book reviews the natural history of cirrhosis, the diagnostic and predictive tools available to assess the disease, complications, and treatment options such as liver assist devices and transplantation. Topical concerns in the management of patients with cirrhosis are also addressed, including issues pertaining to the delivery of quality care in this patient population. Written by experts in their fields, Complications of Cirrhosis: Evaluation and Management serves as a valuable resource for practitioners and physicians-in-training on the subject of cirrhosis.
In spite of the large volume of associated research, the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in atrial fibrillation (AF) onset and recurrence remain uncertain. This may explain why the performances of thromboembolic and bleeding prediction scores in AF patients are limited. In the past few years, the concept of atrial cardiopathy has emerged as a promising lead to connect AF to stroke, heart failure, and inflammatory processes: indeed, all of the mechanisms associated with atrial remodeling and the development of atrial cardiopathy are also likely to promote the development of AF. This recent concept of atrial cardiopathy suggests that the real trigger of stroke may be an abnormal atrial substrate rather than atrial rhythm itself. In this setting, AF could be seen as a symptom of atrial cardiopathy rather than a risk factor of stroke. In the absence of validated clinical markers of atrial cardiopathy, the search for the mechanism of AF remains the cornerstone of cardioembolic stroke prevention for now.The aim of this Special Issue is to gather basic research as well as pathophysiological and epidemiological papers focused on the relationship between atrial substrates and atrial fibrillation onset, recurrence, and outcomes.
The monograph aims to present the recent scientific knowledge on body sensations, i.e., conscious experiences that are localized or felt in the body from an internal perspective, regardless of their sensory origin. It summarizes the basic philosophical, evolutionary, neuroanatomical, psychological, and pathological aspects of the topic. Moreover, related phenomena, such as emotions, the placebo and nocebo effect, complementary and alternative medicine, and mind-body practices are discussed from the perspective of body sensations.
Liver Immunology: Principles and Practice, Second Edition begins with important information about the epidemiology and mortality of liver disease worldwide. This information is followed by chapters related to basic immunology, application of liver immunology for diagnosis, and several excellent chapters that provide a solid foundation for understanding immune-mediated liver disease, including those associated with the biliary tree. A chapter on non-hepatic manifestations of immune mediated liver disease helps provide context for how these diseases affect the patient overall. In addition, chapters discuss various discrete immunologically-mediated infectious liver disorders including those related to bacteria, parasites, and all of the classic viruses. Chapters on the traditional autoimmune liver diseases -- primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis as well as overlap syndrome – are also included. The breadth of this comprehensive second edition is highlighted by chapters on alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and drug-induced liver disease, among others. This invaluable new edition ends with a forward-looking view of future directions and how the field might meet the challenge of refractory patients. Developed by a renowned group of authors, Liver Immunology: Principles and Practice, Second Edition will again serve as a comprehensive textbook by providing an excellent overview for this rapidly evolving field. It greatly adds to the understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases, while also providing novel insights that can be harnessed into helping improve the care of patients afflicted with various immune-mediated diseases. This volume will again be a must-read for clinicians at all levels, investigators and students.
Here in one volume are two of Birger Gerhardsson's much-debated works on the transmission of tradition in Rabbinic Judaism and early Christianity. In Memory and Manuscript (1961), Gerhardsson explores the way in which Jewish rabbis during the first Christian centuries preserved and passed on their sacred tradition, and he shows how early Christianity is better understood in light of how that tradition developed in Rabbinic Judaism. In Tradition and Transmission in Early Christianity (1964), Gerhardsson further clarifies the discussion and answers criticism of his earlier book. This Biblical Resource Series combined edition corrects and expands Gerhardsson's original works and includes a new preface by the author and a lengthy new foreword by Jacob Neusner that summarizes the works' importance and subsequent influence.