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Consumers constantly confront intellectual property rights (IPRs) every day, from their morning cup of Starbucks coffee to the Intel chip on their computer at work. Intellectual property rights help protect creative inventions in the form of trademarks, copyrights, and patents. Despite legal protection, many goods--including music and video files--are easily copied or shared, which affects industries, innovators, and customers. In his follow-up to one of the most popular PIIE titles of all time, Keith Maskus looks at the expansion of private legal rights into international trade markets, not only for technological items but also for international public goods like vaccines and prescription drugs. Private Rights and Public Problems assesses IPR issues for users, producers, and innovators and the difficulty of establishing an international policy regime that governs IPRs in all markets. Post-industrial countries have preferential terms for licensing and selling products, in part because they develop more global brands and products. Maskus observes that in these countries the primacy of private property raises contentious international debate between innovation owners in rich countries and followers and users in emerging and poor countries. Maskus explores if increased privacy regulations limit innovation and pose artificial and real barriers, such as decreased information accessibility and increased cost. This book addresses a fundamental issue: should basic scientific and technological knowledge be commoditized? In this guide to the current global impact of IPRs, the author analyzes the economic contribution of IPRs underlying features: innovation and access to international technologies.
First Published in 2003. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
This text focuses on governmental natural resource and land use policy in the areas of agriculture, energy, forestry, mining, and water. The authors argue that this policy has failed and outlines the need for new ways to encourage the privatization of policy reforms. The contents of the book include the philosophical and constitutional case, the bureaucracy verses the land, the federal estate, and recommendations for policy reform.
Privatizing public resources by creating stronger property rights, including so-called rights to pollute, is an increasingly popular environmental policy option. While advocates of this type of market-based environmental policy tend to focus on its efficiency and ecological implications, such policies also raise important considerations of equity and distributive justice. Private Rights in Public Resources confronts these ethical implications directly, balancing political theory and philosophy with detailed analysis of the politics surrounding three important policy instruments--the Kyoto Protocol, the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, and the 1934 Taylor Grazing Act. Author Leigh Raymond reviews legislative records and administrative documents and interviews key policymakers. Confirming that much of the debate in the selected policies centers on the equity or fairness of the initial allocation of property rights, he applies the theories of John Locke, Morris Cohen, and others to build a framework for identifying the competing norms of equity in play. Raymond's study reveals that, despite the different historical and ecological settings, the political actors struggled to reconcile similar arguments-and were often able to achieve a similar synthesis of conflicting ownership ideas. Rather than offering a familiar argument for or against these policies on ethical grounds, the book explains how ideas about equity help determine a policy's political fate. Shedding light on the complex equity principles used to shape and evaluate these controversial initiatives, this empirical analysis will be of interest to those on all sides of the debate over market-based policies, as well as those interested in the role of normative principles in politics more generally.
At the heart of 'The Right to Privacy' lies an exploration of the increasingly blurred line between the private and the public, a theme that resonates as much today as at its inception. This collection, curated with a keen eye for diversity in perspective and style, traverses the complex landscape of privacy rights in the modern world. The anthology stands out for its rigorous examination of the legal, ethical, and societal dimensions of privacy, weaving together landmark cases, pivotal essays, and critical analyses to offer a multifaceted view of privacy's evolving definition and its implications. The inclusion of foundational works such as the seminal essay by Louis Brandeis and Samuel D. Warren highlights the depth and historical significance of the discourse presented. The editors and contributors, hailing from a broad spectrum of backgrounds in law, ethics, and technology, collectively underscore the anthology's thematic coherence. Their disparate vantage points, rooted in different eras and engaging with varying aspects of privacy, illuminate the rich tapestry of legal thought and ethical considerations. This convergence of historical and contemporary views underlines the collection's alignment with significant cultural and legal shifts, reflecting society's ongoing struggle to balance personal privacy with public interest. 'The Right to Privacy' is indispensable for readers seeking to navigate the intricate and often contentious terrain of privacy rights. It promises an enlightening journey through the kaleidoscope of opinions and analyses, offering valuable insights and fostering a deeper understanding of what it means to protect personal boundaries in an increasingly open world. This anthology is a must-read for anyone invested in the pivotal debates surrounding privacy, beckoning with the allure of a comprehensive and nuanced exploration of one of the most pressing issues of our time.