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Research on dendrimers has exploded in the last 15 years, moving from the establishment of synthetic methodologies, particularly in the early years up to the end of nineties, towards sophisticated and wide-ranging applications. Dendrimers play an important role in many different areas, spanning from basic synthetic approaches to artificial photosynthesis, to medicine, to catalysis. The great potential of dendrimers is well-recognized by the hundreds of papers in the field and the increasing number of patents, and stimulated developments in other areas of knowledge, including new characterization techniques. However, some basic principles and methods still continue to give a unity to the field. Although several books on dendrimers have been published during these 15 years, the very recent progresses in new areas now requires a new point of view, trying to give a unifying and comprehensive outlook of the field. Since the first dendrimer was synthesized by Vögtle in 1978, dendrimers have experienced an explosion of scientific interest because of their unique molecular architecture. This resulted in over 5,000 scientific papers and patents published by the end of 2005. The proposed book will cover both fundamental and applicative aspects of dendrimer research. Chapters devoted to basic principles, synthetic methods and strategies, and advanced characterization techniques will be integrated by chapters illustrating the full potential of dendrimers in various fields, like artificial photosynthesis, multi-redox pool systems, diagnostics, biomedical and sensing purposes, design of functional nanostructures. Particular emphasis will be devoted to possible future developments.
Given the backdrop of intense interest and widespread discussion on the prospects of a hydrogen energy economy, this book aims to provide an authoritative and up-to-date scientific account of hydrogen generation using solar energy and renewable sources such as water. While the technological and economic aspects of solar hydrogen generation are evolving, the scientific principles underlying various solar-assisted water splitting schemes already have a firm footing. This book aims to expose a broad-based audience to these principles. This book spans the disciplines of solar energy conversion, electrochemistry, photochemistry, photoelectrochemistry, materials chemistry, device physics/engineering, and biology.
Photochemistry (a term that broadly speaking includes photophysics) is abranchofmodernsciencethatdealswiththeinteractionoflightwithmatter and lies at the crossroadsof chemistry, physics, and biology. However, before being a branch of modern science, photochemistry was (and still is today), an extremely important natural phenomenon. When God said: “Let there be light”, photochemistry began to operate, helping God to create the world as wenowknowit.Itislikelythatphotochemistrywasthesparkfortheoriginof life on Earth and played a fundamental role in the evolution of life. Through the photosynthetic process that takes place in green plants, photochemistry is responsible for the maintenance of all living organisms. In the geological past photochemistry caused the accumulation of the deposits of coal, oil, and naturalgasthat wenowuseasfuels.Photochemistryisinvolved inthecontrol ofozoneinthestratosphereandinagreatnumber ofenvironmentalprocesses thatoccurintheatmosphere,inthesea,andonthesoil.Photochemistryisthe essenceoftheprocessofvisionandcausesavarietyofbehavioralresponsesin living organisms. Photochemistry as a science is quite young; we only need to go back less than one century to ?nd its early pioneer [1]. The concept of coordination compound is also relatively young; it was established in 1892, when Alfred Werner conceived his theory of metal complexes [2]. Since then, the terms coordination compound and metal complex have been used as synonyms, even if in the last 30 years, coordination chemistry has extended its scope to the binding ofall kinds of substrates [3, 4].
Bioinorganic photochemistry is a rapidly evolving field integrating inorganic photochemistry with biological, medical and environmental sciences. The interactions of light with inorganic species in natural systems, and the applications in artificial systems of medical or environmental importance, form the basis of this challenging inter-disciplinary research area. Bioinorganic Photochemistry provides a comprehensive overview of the concepts and reactions fundamental to the field, illustrating important applications in biological, medical and environmental sciences. Topics covered include: Cosmic and environmental photochemistry Photochemistry of biologically relevant nanoassemblies Molecular aspects of photosynthesis Photoinduced electron transfer in biosystems Modern therapeutic strategies in photomedicine The book concludes with an outlook for the future of environmental protection, discussing emerging techniques in the field of pollution abatement, and the potential for bioinorganic photochemistry as a pathway to developing cheap, environmentally friendly sources of energy. Written as an authoritative guide for researchers involved in the development of bioinorganic photochemical processes, Bioinorganic Photochemistry is also accessible to scientists new to the field, and will be a key reference source for advanced courses in inorganic, and bioinorganic chemistry.
Since the publication of the second edition of this handbook in 1993, the field of photochemical sciences has continued to expand across several disciplines including organic, inorganic, physical, analytical, and biological chemistries, and, most recently, nanosciences. Emphasizing the important role light-induced processes play in all of these fie
Photochromism is simply defined as the light induced reversible change of colour. The field has developed rapidly during the past decade as a result of attempts to improve the established materials and to discover new devices for applications.As photochromism bridges molecular, supramolecular and solid state chemistry, as well as organic, inorganic and physical chemistry, such a treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach and a broad presentation. The first edition (1990) provided an enormous amount of new concepts and data, such as the presentation of main families based on the pericyclic reaction mechanism, the review of new families, some bimolecular photocycloadditions and some promising systems. This new edition provides an efficient entry into this flourishing field, with the core content retained from the original work to provide a basic introduction into the different subjects.*Second edition of a work first published in 1990, now revised due to constant development of research. *Including updated lists of references (1989-2001), offering immediate access to recent developments.*Providing great basic interest and high application potential bringing scientists together from chemistry, physics and engineering.
The first NATO Science Forum was held in Biarritz in September 1990. This Taormina Conference is the second in a series that we wish to be a long one and I believe that it has equalled the success of its predecessor. In setting up these meetings the NATO Science Committee wanted to gather leading experts to review fields of strong present interest. It was intended that presentations and discussions should pay special attention to potential developments. This "forward look" is indeed precious to us in mapping out the evolution of our Science Programme but more importantly, it is an essential part of the progress of Science. I believe that NATO, being able to bring together eminent scientists from both sides of the Atlantic, is in a priviliged position to provide this service to our Scientific Community. It was only proper that Chemistry should be one of the first areas to be targeted: a central science with many rich borders touching on other disciplines, it deserved the full attention of our Committee. In its vast domain, among many possible topics, the present one was carefully selected and its choice resulted from an extensive consultation of many leading chemists. The large fraction of replies which pointed to Supramolecular Chemistry left us with little doubt about the timeliness of a Forum in this area and the strong interest attached to it.
Arvind Kumar, Shih-Sheng Sun, and Alistair J. Lees: Photophysics and Photochemistry of Organometallic Rhenium Diimine Complexes; Conor Long: Photophysics of CO Loss from Simple Metal Carbonyl Complexes; Antonín Vlcek Jr: Ultrafast Excited-State Processes in Re(I) Carbonyl-Diimine Complexes: From Excitation to Photochemistry; Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo: Exploitation of Luminescent Organometallic Rhenium(I) and Iridium(III) Complexes in Biological Studies; Maria L. Muro , Aaron A. Rachford , Xianghuai Wang, and Felix N. Castellano: Platinum II Acetylide Photophysics; Andreas F. Rausch, Herbert H. H. Homeier, and Hartmut Yersin: Organometallic Pt(II) and Ir(III) Triplet Emitters for OLED Applications and the Role of Spin–Orbit Coupling: A Study Based on High-Resolution Optical Spectroscopy.
Edited by a team of highly respected researchers combining their expertise in chemistry, physics, and medicine, this book focuses on the use of rutheniumcontaining complexes in artificial photosynthesis and medicine. Following a brief introduction to the basic coordination chemistry of ruthenium complexes and their synthesis in section one, as well as their photophysical and photochemical properties, the authors discuss in detail the major concepts of artificial photosynthesis and mechanisms of hydrogen production and water oxidation with ruthenium in section two. The third section of the text covers biological properties and important medical applications of ruthenium complexes as therapeutic agents or in diagnostic imaging. Aimed at stimulating research in this active field, this is an invaluable information source for researchers in academia, health research institutes and governmental departments working in the field of organometallic chemistry, green and sustainable chemistry as well as medicine/drug discovery, while equally serving as a useful reference also for scientists in industry.