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Positive ion composition measurements in the D and E regions were performed on three rocket flights during the 1966 solar eclipse program conducted at Cassino, Brazil. The E region results showed that, at totality, NO+ and O2+ decreased in density while the ratio NO+/O2 increased. Long-lived meteoric ions appeared to be unaffected during the short period of the eclipse. A submerged layer of meteoric ions became prominent at totality when the molecular ion densities were smallest and produced a sporadic E layer. The D region results indicated that the decay in the water cluster ions at totality was probably less than a factor of four in the vicinity of 80 km. This work represents part of a continuing Air Force program to study lower ionospheric processes which affect communications. (Author).
Positive ion composition measurements in the D and E regions were performed on three rocket flights during the 1966 solar eclipse program conducted at Cassino, Brazil. The E region results showed that, at totality, NO+ and O2+ decreased in density while the ratio NO+/O2 increased. Long-lived meteoric ions appeared to be unaffected during the short period of the eclipse. A submerged layer of meteoric ions became prominent at totality when the molecular ion densities were smallest and produced a sporadic E layer. The D region results indicated that the decay in the water cluster ions at totality was probably less than a factor of four in the vicinity of 80 km. This work represents part of a continuing Air Force program to study lower ionospheric processes which affect communications. (Author)
A general computer model of the ionospheric behavior during a solar eclipse is briefly described. Solutions are generated for 15 ionospheric species during the solar eclipse of 12 November 1966. These solutions are for altitudes from 60 to 120 kilometers, and include both neutral and charged species. (Author).
The report details instrumentation designed to measure the parameters in the D-region of the ionosphere during a total solar eclipse. Four Nike-Hydac rockets were fired from Cassino, Brazil, in connection with the eclipse of 12 November 1966; a test flight round was flown on 5 November, and the remaining three rockets were fired during various phases of the eclipse on 12 November. The rocket payloads were identical and were designed to measure the following parameters: Positive ion composition, Positive ion density, Positive ion energy distribution, X-ray flux, Lyman-alpha radiation, Electron density, Electron temperature.
For the specific goal to control or predict man-made ionization effects the Defense Department has stimulated research in some areas and particularly in ionospheric physics. The results are reviewed with the implication that most of them are significant only within the larger pool of knowledge being produced by basic research. The review covers recent results gained by means of rockets and satellites on various atmospheric parameters and on the various particle inputs. Further, it reports on conjugate phenomena, on geographical features of particle influx and of electric fields and on progress in radio propagation measuring techniques. Finally, it reviews the observed effects on the ionosphere during the coordinated 12 November 1966 solar eclipse expedition. (Author).