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A plethora of literature is available and various studies have been undertaken on different aspects of tribal development. But very few on the analysis of tribal problems vis-à-vis programmes/policies for their development has remained more or less unexplored. The present study has attempted to plug this critical gap. In this book the author has delved deeper into the genesis of tribal problems, critically examined the programmes for their development in the past and present and offered some valuable insights for lifting them out of the morass of poverty and stagnation. It has traced successive shifts in tribal development policies and strategies at different points of time. A thumbnail picture has been presented on impact of the programmes on the stakeholders through case studies conducted in a remote district of a poverty ridden state. The results of the field study tend to conceptualise that despite input in terms of money and material and the so called coveted efforts and endeavours of public servants, there is an abysmal mismatch between the objectives and achievement. We are still far away from the point of their conscientisation. The study will be of immense academic and practical worth. The comprehensive analysis and critical review presented in this book on an important aspect of tribal development and finally the policy prescriptions suggested make it imperative reading for economists, anthropologists, planners, policy makers, administrators and members of the academic and research organizations.
Tribal Development Planning, Policies and Strategies Development is a continuous and multidimensional process that involves reorganization and reorientation of the entire economic and social system. UNESCO's concept of development is based on the realization that communities define themselves in terms of cultural identities and development cannot be effective unless it is centred around that image. Thus, when one tries to examine the field and scope of tribal development, it becomes important to understand the concept of tribe, which is of course, contextual to their image. A large number of governmental and non-governmental agencies are involved in tribal development. While the problem of tribal development in India is primarily linked with the backwardness of tribal areas, poverty of the tribal people and the issue of integration of tribals with the rest of the population, the concept of development in tribal situations pose a number of difficulties. Even a good definition of tribal development may undergo scrutiny. Sociologists and Policy Makers view the tribal development as (a) a movement emphasizing building upon organizational structures, (b) a programme emphasizing on activities, (c) as a method of emphasizing certain achievable ends, (d) as a process of emphasizing upon what happens to people not only economically and socially but also psychologically, and (e) institutionalization of newly discovered skills and procedures leading to social change without completely breaking away from the past. However, many studies point out that the integrated developments of the tribals have brought out the inadequacies of these programmes. Though the efforts have been in the direction for the development of tribal particularly with the creation of special multi-purpose tribal blocks during the second plan period, however, a major breakthrough took place in the Fifth Five Year Plan in which a new strategy of tribal sub-plan for preparing micro plans for relatively valuably tribal groups requiring special attention was enunciated. In this context, the present study tries to retrospect the impact and implications of tribal welfare and developmental programmes in Erstwhile Warangal District of Telangana State.
A tribe is a social group usually with common territory, dialect and cultural homogeneity, social and political organization. It may include several sub groups. Education in tribal areas has in the traditional sense always been something more than literacy and was largely confined to cultural accomplishments. The process of education for tribal people had an intrinsic relationship with culture, traditional crafts, socio-economic conditions as well as specific area conditions of people who live in those areas. Every society wants to train and educate their children and youth in such a way that they will become effective citizens and achieve economic independence in the community.
India has the largest tribal population in the world. A major factor that can bring transformation in the overall condition among tribal population is education. Education is the only primary agent which can help individuals overcome income barriers, and expand the horizon of the community when it comes to making career choices, personal growth, build confidence, and a sustained development. Education alone is a chief avenue that will upgrade the economic and social stature of the Scheduled Tribes. Indian state has taken measures to raise the literacy levels among Scheduled Tribes; however, there are many miles to reach out as the issues and challenges faced by them remain unaddressed in terms of attaining education and development. This book tried to fill the gap and made a modest attempt to understand the concerns and problems faced by them in accessing the state sponsored modern educational system.
Covers a wide range of research articles on various aspects of tribal and indigenous communities of India.
The tourism industry of India is economically important and growing rapidly. The World Travel & Tourism Council calculated that tourism generated ₹ 6.4 trillion or 6.6% of the nation's GDP in 2012. It supported 39.5 million jobs, 7.7% of its total employment. The sector is predicted to grow at an average annual rate of 7.9% from 2013 to 2023. This gives India the third rank among countries with the fastest growing tourism industries over the next decade. India has a large medical tourism sector which is expected to grow at an estimated rate of 30% annually to reach about ₹ 95 billion by 2015. According to provisional statistics 6.29 million foreign tourists arrived in India in 2011, an increase of 8.9% from 5.78 million in 2010. This ranks India as the 38th country in the world in terms of foreign tourist arrivals. Domestic tourist visits to all states and Union Territories numbered 1,036.35 million in 2012, an increase of 16.5% from 2011. The most represented countries are the United States (16%) and the United Kingdom (12.6%). In 2011 Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Delhi were the most popular states for foreign tourists. Domestic tourists visited the states Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu most frequently. Chennai, Delhi, Mumbai and Agra have been the four most visited cities of India by foreign tourists during the year 2011. Worldwide, Chennai ranked 41 by the number of foreign tourists, while Delhi is ranked at 50, Mumbai at 57 and Agra at 65 and Kolkata at 99. The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2013 ranks India 65th out of 144 countries overall. The report ranks the price competitiveness of India's tourism sector 20th out of 144 countries. It mentions that India has quite good air transport (ranked 39th), particularly given the country’s stage of development, and reasonable ground transport infrastructure (ranked 42nd). Some other aspects of its tourism infrastructure remain somewhat underdeveloped however. The nation has very few hotel rooms per capita by international comparison and low ATM penetration. As per the UNWTO World Tourism Barometer, December 2013, India’s rank in the World Tourism Receipts during 2012 was 16th and rank in international tourist arrivals was 41. The rank of India was 7th among Asia and the Pacific Region in terms of tourism receipts during 2012. The Ministry of Tourism designs national policies for the development and promotion of tourism. In the process, the Ministry consults and collaborates with other stakeholders in the sector including various Central Ministries/ agencies, State Governments, Union Territories and the representatives of the private sector. Concerted efforts are being made to promote new forms of tourism such as rural, cruise, medical and eco-tourism. The Ministry also maintains the Incredible India campaign. India's rich history and its cultural and geographical diversity make its international tourism appeal large and diverse. It presents heritage and cultural tourism along with medical, business, educational and sports tourism. Therefore the practitioners, academicians and researchers need to meticulously review these aspects and acquaint them with knowledge to sustain in such scenarios. Thus, these evident scenarios emphasize the need of a broad-based research in the field of Tourism in India. This book is an attempt in that direction. I sincerely hope that this book will provide insights into the subject to faculty members, researchers and students from the Tourism institutes, consultants, practicing managers from industry and government officers. Prof. K.VijayaBabu Jayaprakashnarayana. G
According to the 2011 census, the population of ‘Kathodi’ tribe is 13,632 people. People of this tribe mostly live in Surat, Tapi, Dang, Narmada and Sabarkantha districts. They use herbs, fruits and roots as food. They hunt rabbits, deer, cocks and birds and use them for food. They were engaged in the profession of collecting catechu from its trees, so the tribe is known as ‘Kathodi’ tribe. In this modern time, machinery and factories are established to prepare catechu, so the old profession of preparing catechu by this tribe is stopped. Nowadays, people of this tribe have started farming works andWork of collecting forest products. To uplift the people of this tribe, various departments have tried by providing opportunities of self-employment and home industries. Literacy rate of this tribe is 23.54%. Irrespective of the influence of modernisation, urbanisation, industrialization and overall development in tribal areas there are still certain communities which are extremely backward. such tribal communities have been identified as primitive tribes. Kathodi is one of them.. This study belongs to Kathodi tribes. Such studies are very rare in Gujarat state.. The present research study is exploring nature study of the living conditions and social-economical positions of Kathodi tribes as an especially primitive community in Vijaynagar Taluka in Sabarkantha district which is located in Gujarat state. The study systematically presents the impacts of development schemes on the socio-economic conditions of Kathodi. It also throws adequate light on the problems associated with schemes both at the level of beneficiaries as well as at the promoters level too. . .
Among the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS), SDG 1 envisages end of poverty in all its forms everywhere and SDG 2 envisages zero hunger and achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture. In order to achieve the SDGs 1 and 2, Govt. of India has launched different agricultural and horticultural scheme to protect the loss of farmers. These schemes are implemented in the states of India with the initiatives of the state governments. The book is highlighted on the socio-economic impact study with concurrent evaluation on Agriculture/Horticulture based Schemes implemented in the state Tripura. The book is focused mainly on two aspects viz; evaluation of the agriculture and horticulture based schemes and impact of the schemes on the socio-economic life of the tribal farmers. The basic objectives of this book are to assess whether the tribal farmers are benefitted or not from the different schemes implemented by the government and to assess the impact of these schemes in order to improve the socio-economic condition of the tribal farmers. In addition to this, productivity of the different agriculture/horticulture production produced by the tribal beneficiaries is examined and socio-economic problems faced by the rural tribal people are investigated. The book is expected to be valuable to the policy maker for taking the appropriate policy decisions further and it would be a bench mark to the researchers who will work on the tribal issues and agriculture.