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Photographs of the solar corona from a camera flown at an altitude of 40,000 feet were obtained on November 12, 1966. The absolute brightness, polarization and the direction of polarization of the solar corona between 3.5 and 13 solar radii were determined from these photographs. A significant polarized component was found in this region, the structure of which can be closely correlated with features in the inner corona. Comparisons are made in the July 20, 1963 and May 30, 1965 eclipses and evidence is given for changes in brightness of the coronal light between these eclipses. (Author).
An examination of photographic material obtained during the total solar eclipse over Turkmenian SSR in February 1952 resulted in the following conclusions concerning the polarization of the coronal radiation: (1) The fact that the corona is not spherically symmetrical with regard to radiation is again confirmed. (2) The degree of polarization is linked directly with solar activity. (3) Since the coronal luminescence is polarized radially, it is not necessary to photograph the corona in three positions of the analyzer if a polarographic examination of fine details is not desired. (4) No link between chromospheric observations and the orientation of the plane of polarization was detected. (5)A link between solar activity and the distance of maximum polarization from the solar surface is probably present, but it needs more precise definition. (6) In order to retain the galvanometric readings in the rectilinear portion of the characteristic curve, it is necessary to photograph the corona simultaneously in several positions of the analyzer. (7) Formulas were derived for photographing with four positions of the analyzer. (8) Marblith analyzers are preferable to polaroids.
Novel instruments for high-precision imaging polarimetry have opened new possibilities, including for exploring effects in radiative scattering, atomic physics, spectral line formation, and radiative transfer. This volume gives a comprehensive and up-to-date account of this rapidly evolving and interdisciplinary field of science.