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Saint, mystic, healer, visionary, and fighter, Hildegard von Bingen stands as one of the great figures in the history of women in medicine. She was renowned for her healing work and her original theories of medicine.
The Problemata physica is the third longest work in the corpus Aristotelicum, but among the least studied. It consists of 38 books, over 900 chapters, covering a vast range of subjects, including medicine and music, sex and salt water, fatigue and fruit, animals and astronomy, moderation and malodorous things, wind and wine, bruises and barley, voice and virtue. Aristotelian Problemata Physica: Philosophical and Scientific Investigations consists of 21 essays by scholars of ancient Greek philosophy and science. These essays shed light on this mysterious work, providing insights into the nature of philosophical and scientific inquiry in the Lyceum during Aristotle’s life and especially in the years following his death.
Was it a whale or a shark that devoured Jonah? And how were the walls of Jericho brought down? In his wide-ranging study, Physica Sacra, Bernd Roling shows that the natural sciences and biblical exegesis have not always stood in stark opposition to one another. From the high Middle Ages, Bible commentators such as Albertus Magnus and Alonso Tostado made extensive use of the knowledge available in their times about zoology, medicine and astronomy to explain the wonders of revelation and to defend their historical basis. Even with the advent of modern Biblical criticism and in the age of Enlightenment, as is shown here in detail, their arguments were valid enough to refute critics like Spinoza, Isaac de la Peyrère and Voltaire.
A first edition of the Arabic text and the Hebrew text of the Problemata Physica, ascribed to Aristotle, which has been elaborated in later Antiquity in Greek. The text, corresponding with the first 15 books of the existing Greek text, contains chiefly medical problems, but also biological and mathematical ones. Therefore this volume deals with a comparison of the existing Greek text and the lost extended Greek version, only transmitted in this Arabic translation and in this Hebrew translation of the Arabic version. The authorship of the famous translator ḥunain ibn Ishāq has been discussed. The role of the Problemata Physica in Arabic literature has not been omitted. Interesting for Semitic linguistics is the description of the language used by ḥunain ibn Ishāq and Moses ibn Tibbon, and of the influence of Arabic on the Hebrew of the translators. Glossaries have been added to give the reader the opportunity to compare the Arabic text with the Greek and the Hebrew ones.