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This synthesis will be of interest to state and local highway agency administrative and executive officers, enforcement agency personnel, attorneys, traffic engineers, and others concerned with managing and enforcing traffic laws at all levels of government. It will also be of interest to manufacturers and marketers of automated speed enforcement (ASE) technology. The synthesis describes the requirements, applications, effectiveness, and issues related to the use of ASE technology. This report of the Transportation Research Board describes the various types of ASE technology as applied in several localities, including descriptions of operational requirements and performance characteristics of these technologies. The synthesis also discusses how citations are processed, and examines the legal and acceptability issues related to ASE technology and public views on these actions. The various technologies on the market at the time of preparation of this synthesis are also described. It should be noted that, as with any application of public surveillance technology, officials are well advised to exercise proper cautions when employing such enforcement procedures.
A Smithsonian Best History Book of the Year Winner of the Littleton-Griswold Prize Winner of the Ralph Waldo Emerson Award Winner of the Order of the Coif Award Winner of the Sidney M. Edelstein Prize Winner of the David J. Langum Sr. Prize in American Legal History Winner of the Berkshire Conference of Women Historians Book Prize “From traffic stops to parking tickets, Seo traces the history of cars alongside the history of crime and discovers that the two are inextricably linked.” —Smithsonian When Americans think of freedom, they often picture the open road. Yet nowhere are we more likely to encounter the long arm of the law than in our cars. Sarah Seo reveals how the rise of the automobile led us to accept—and expect—pervasive police power, a radical transformation with far-reaching consequences. Before the twentieth century, most Americans rarely came into contact with police officers. But in a society dependent on cars, everyone—law-breaking and law-abiding alike—is subject to discretionary policing. Seo challenges prevailing interpretations of the Warren Court’s due process revolution and argues that the Supreme Court’s efforts to protect Americans did more to accommodate than limit police intervention. Policing the Open Road shows how the new procedures sanctioned discrimination by officers, and ultimately undermined the nation’s commitment to equal protection before the law. “With insights ranging from the joy of the open road to the indignities—and worse—of ‘driving while black,’ Sarah Seo makes the case that the ‘law of the car’ has eroded our rights to privacy and equal justice...Absorbing and so essential.” —Paul Butler, author of Chokehold “A fascinating examination of how the automobile reconfigured American life, not just in terms of suburbanization and infrastructure but with regard to deeply ingrained notions of freedom and personal identity.” —Hua Hsu, New Yorker
At head of title: National Cooperative Highway Research Program.
Special edition of the Federal Register, containing a codification of documents of general applicability and future effect ... with ancillaries.
A thorough and engaging look at an unexpected driver of changes in the American criminal justice system Driving is an unavoidable part of life in the United States. Even those who don't drive much likely know someone who does. More than just a simple method of getting from point A to point B, however, driving has been a significant influence on the United States' culture, economy, politics – and its criminal justice system. Rules of the Road tracks the history of the car alongside the history of crime and criminal justice in the United States, demonstrating how the quick and numerous developments in criminal law corresponded to the steadily rising prominence, and now established supremacy, of the automobile. Spencer Headworth brings together research from sociology, psychology, criminology, political science, legal studies, and histories of technology and law in illustrating legal responses to changing technological and social circumstances. Rules of the Road opens by exploring the early 20th-century beginnings of the relationship between criminal law and automobility, before moving to the direct impact of the automobile on prosecutorial and criminal justice practices in the latter half of the 20th century. Finally, Headworth looks to recent debates and issues in modern-day criminal justice to consider what this might presage for the future. Using a seemingly mundane aspect of daily life as its investigative lens, this creative, imaginative, and thoroughly researched book provides a fresh perspective on the transformations of the U.S. criminal justice system.
The overall objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility, effectiveness, legality, and public acceptance aspects of automated traffic signal [red light running (RLR)] enforcement in Kansas. The results of the study could be used as the basis for pursuing legislative changes to allow the use of automated traffic signal enforcement in Kansas. This objective was accomplished by conducting a review of the literature, interviewing representatives from cities with experience in the use of automated traffic signal enforcement programs, reviewing applicable laws in other states, and analyzing data from pilot RLR studies conducted by the cities of Overland Park and Olathe, Kansas.