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Book 1 of this volume is an account of the archaeological and historical sites with which Peshawar is studied, including those of the Gandhara (Buddhist) period, and in particular, monuments of the Muslim, Sikh, and British times. This book was originally compiled to provide a connected and continuous, historical and archaeological account of these sites, many of which were not mentioned, or elaborated upon, in publications of the time, such as the Gazetteer of the Peshawar District, the voluminous Tarikh-i-Peshawar, and Annual Reports of the Archeological Survey of India. Book 2 is a collection of five different articles of historical and archaeological interest. The articles describe important royal documents of the Mughal period, and give a brief history of Peshawar.
This book will suggest new agendas for identity and heritage studies by means of presenting contentious issues facing archaeology and heritage management in a globalized world. The book is not only present the variability of heritage objectives and experiences in the New and Old World, and opens a discussion, in a shrinking world, to look beyond national and regional contexts. If the heritage sector and archaeology are to remain relevant in our contemporary world and the near future, there are a number of questions concerning the politics, practices and narratives related to heritage and identity that must be addressed. Questions of relevance in an affluent, cosmopolitan setting are at odds with those relevant for a region emerging from civil war or ethnic strife, or a national minority battling oppression or ethnic cleansing. A premise is that heritage represents a broad scope of empirically and theoretically sound interpretations – that heritage is a response to contemporary forces, as much as data. It is therefore necessary constantly to evaluate what is scientifically accurate as well as what is valid and relevant and what can have a contemporary impact.
This book contains articles on historic cities of the Islamic world, ranging from West Africa to Malaysia, which over the centuries have been centres of culture and learning and of economic and commercial life, and which have contributed much to the consolidation of Islam as a faith and as a social and political institution. The articles have been taken from the second edition of the Encyclopaedia of Islam, completed in 2004, but in many cases expanded and rewritten. All have been updated to include fresh historical information, with note of contemporary social developments and population statistics. The book thus delineates the urban background of Islam has it has evolved up to the present day, highlighting the role of such great cities as Cairo, Istanbul, Baghdad and Delhi in Islamic history, and also brings them together in a rich panorama illustrating one of mankind's greatest achievements, the living organism of the city.
The Present Work, As Its Title Sug¬Gests, Focusses On The Frontier Policy Of The Delhi Sultans And Traces The Ups And Downs It Underwent During The Reign Of Different Rulers, Together With The Various Contributory Factors For The Periodical Adjustments.The Study Is Based On Original Source Material And To Make The Narrative Intelligible The Author Has Added Several Useful Maps Showing The Routes Followed By The Mongol Hordes In Their Incursions Into India, As Well As The Fortifications Built By The Sultans To Meet This Formidable Challenge.
South Asian religious art became codified during the Kuṣāṇa Period (ca. beginning of the 2nd to the mid 3rd century). Yet, to date, neither the chronology nor nature of Kuṣāṇa Art, marked by great diversity, is well understood. The Kuṣāṇa Empire was huge, stretching from Uzbekistan through northern India, and its multicultural artistic expressions became the fountainhead for much of South Asian Art. The premise of this book is that Kuṣāṇa Art achieves greater clarity through analyses of the arts and cultures of the Pre- Kuṣāṇa World, those lands becoming the Empire. Fourteen papers in this book by leading experts on regional topography and connective pathways; interregional, multicultural comparisons; art historical, archaeological, epigraphic, numismatic and textual studies represent the first coordinated effort having this focus.
'The most dangerous place in the world' - Barack Obama The borderlands of Afghanistan and Pakistan have become the arena for a global conflict with consequences that defy prediction. At the crossroads of Central Asia, gateway to India and the West, Afghanistan has tempted countless invaders in their quest for domination. Written by leading regional expert Victoria Schofield, Afghan Frontier traces the history of this region as a hotly contested battlefield for millennia. As the borderlands - now dubbed 'Af-Pak' - assume an increasingly crucial role in international politics, understanding the history and geopolitical significance of this region has never been more important. Afghan Frontier is a gripping portrait of the frontier territories, militant fighters and resilient tribesmen who shaped Afghanistan.
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In the past decade Pakistan has become a country of immense importance to its region, the United States, and the world. With almost 200 million people, a 500,000-man army, nuclear weapons, and a large diaspora in Britain and North America, Pakistan is central to the hopes of jihadis and the fears of their enemies. Yet the greatest short-term threat to Pakistan is not Islamist insurgency as such, but the actions of the United States, and the greatest long-term threat is ecological change. Anatol Lieven's book is a magisterial investigation of this highly complex and often poorly understood country: its regions, ethnicities, competing religious traditions, varied social landscapes, deep political tensions, and historical patterns of violence; but also its surprising underlying stability, rooted in kinship, patronage, and the power of entrenched local elites. Engagingly written, combining history and profound analysis with reportage from Lieven's extensive travels as a journalist and academic, Pakistan: A Hard Country is both utterly compelling and deeply revealing.