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Behavioral, biobehavioral, and biomedical interventions are programs with the objective of improving and maintaining human health and well-being, broadly defined, in individuals, families, schools, organizations, or communities. These interventions may be aimed at, for example, preventing or treating disease, promoting physical and mental health, preventing violence, or improving academic achievement. This book provides additional information on a principled empirical framework for developing interventions that are more effective, efficient, economical, and scalable. This framework is introduced in the monograph, "Optimization of Behavioral, Biobehavioral, and Biomedical Interventions: The Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST)" by Linda M. Collins (Springer, 2018). The present book is focused on advanced topics related to MOST. The chapters, all written by experts, are devoted to topics ranging from experimental design and data analysis to development of a conceptual model and implementation of a complex experiment in the field. Intervention scientists who are preparing to apply MOST will find this book an important reference and guide for their research. Fields to which this work pertains include public health (medicine, nursing, health economics, implementation sciences), behavioral sciences (psychology, criminal justice), statistics, and education.
This book presents a framework for development, optimization, and evaluation of behavioral, biobehavioral, and biomedical interventions. Behavioral, biobehavioral, and biomedical interventions are programs with the objective of improving and maintaining human health and well-being, broadly defined, in individuals, families, schools, organizations, or communities. These interventions may be aimed at, for example, preventing or treating disease, promoting physical and mental health, preventing violence, or improving academic achievement. This volume introduces the multiphase optimization strategy (MOST), pioneered at The Methodology Center at the Pennsylvania State University, as an alternative to the classical approach of relying solely on the randomized controlled trial (RCT). MOST borrows heavily from perspectives taken and approaches used in engineering, and also integrates concepts from statistics and behavioral science, including the RCT. As described in detail in this book, MOST consists of three phases: preparation, in which the conceptual model underlying the intervention is articulated; optimization, in which experimentation is used to gather the information necessary to identify the optimized intervention; and evaluation, in which the optimized intervention is evaluated in a standard RCT. Through numerous examples, the book demonstrates that MOST can be used to develop interventions that are more effective, efficient, economical, and scalable. Optimization of Behavioral, Biobehavioral, and Biomedical Interventions: The Multiphase Optimization Strategy is the first book to present a comprehensive introduction to MOST. It will be an essential resource for behavioral, biobehavioral, and biomedical scientists; statisticians, biostatisticians, and analysts working in epidemiology and public health; and graduate-level courses in development and evaluation of interventions.
Healthy mental, emotional, and behavioral (MEB) development is a critical foundation for a productive adulthood. Much is known about strategies to support families and communities in strengthening the MEB development of children and youth, by promoting healthy development and also by preventing and mitigating disorder, so that young people reach adulthood ready to thrive and contribute to society. Over the last decade, a growing body of research has significantly strengthened understanding of healthy MEB development and the factors that influence it, as well as how it can be fostered. Yet, the United States has not taken full advantage of this growing knowledge base. Ten years later, the nation still is not effectively mitigating risks for poor MEB health outcomes; these risks remain prevalent, and available data show no significant reductions in their prevalence. Fostering Healthy Mental, Emotional, and Behavioral Development in Children and Youth: A National Agenda examines the gap between current research and achievable national goals for the next ten years. This report identifies the complexities of childhood influences and highlights the need for a tailored approach when implementing new policies and practices. This report provides a framework for a cohesive, multidisciplinary national approach to improving MEB health.
This handbook is a comprehensive, authoritative and up-to-date source on prevention technologies specifically for integrated care settings. It covers general issues related to prevention including the practical issues of financing, and staffing, and a general introduction to the advantages of prevention efforts. It covers a range of behavioral health disorders using an approach that is most relevant to the practitioner: it provides basic definitions, and describes the specific roles of both the primary care provider (PCP) and the behavioral care provider (BCP) as well as specific resources presented in a stepped care model. Stepped care has been used sucessfully in medical settings. Adapted to behavioral health settings, It allows the clinician and the patient to choose treatments that are tailored to specific levels of intensity. This handbook is an interdisciplinary resource useful for classes in integrated care as well as for clinicians employed in in these settings.
"The evidence-based practice (EBP) movement has always been about implementing optimal health care practices. Practitioners have three primary roles they can play in relation to the research evidence in EBP: scientists, systematic reviewers, and research consumers. Learning EBP is an acculturation process begun during professional training that seamlessly integrates research and practice"--Provided by publisher.
"Self-determination theory (SDT) represents a comprehensive framework for the study of human motivation, personality development and wellness as evidenced by the breadth and variety of chapters in this handbook. In introducing this collection, we review the basic assumptions, philosophy of science, methods, and mission of SDT. We also provide a brief history of SDT, linking various developments within the theory to the contributions found in this volume. Finally, we attempt to place SDT within the landscape of past and contemporary theoretical psychology, as well as modern historical and cultural developments, in part explaining the continued growth of SDT's basic research and real-world applications"--
Social problems in many domains, including health, education, social relationships, and the workplace, have their origins in human behavior. The documented links between behavior and social problems have compelled governments and organizations to prioritize and mobilize efforts to develop effective, evidence-based means to promote adaptive behavior change. In recognition of this impetus, The Handbook of Behavior Change provides comprehensive coverage of contemporary theory, research, and practice on behavior change. It summarizes current evidence-based approaches to behavior change in chapters authored by leading theorists, researchers, and practitioners from multiple disciplines, including psychology, sociology, behavioral science, economics, philosophy, and implementation science. It is the go-to resource for researchers, students, practitioners, and policy makers looking for current knowledge on behavior change and guidance on how to develop effective interventions to change behavior.
This book reviews key recent advances and new frontiers within psychiatric research and clinical practice. These advances either represent or are enabling paradigm shifts in the discipline and are influencing how we observe, derive and test hypotheses, and intervene. Progress in information technology is allowing the collection of scattered, fragmented data and the discovery of hidden meanings from stored data, and the impacts on psychiatry are fully explored. Detailed attention is also paid to the applications of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data science technology in psychiatry and to their role in the development of new hypotheses, which in turn promise to lead to new discoveries and treatments. Emerging research methods for precision medicine are discussed, as are a variety of novel theoretical frameworks for research, such as theoretical psychiatry, the developmental approach to the definition of psychopathology, and the theory of constructed emotion. The concluding section considers novel interventions and treatment avenues, including psychobiotics, the use of neuromodulation to augment cognitive control of emotion, and the role of the telomere-telomerase system in psychopharmacological interventions.
"The Unified Protocols for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Children and Adolescents (UP-C/UP-A; Ehrenreich-May et al., 2018) are transdiagnostic interventions designed to address multiple diagnoses, diagnostic categories, and/or problem types within a single treatment protocol. It might be said that modern transdiagnostic interventions originated within the early years of the twenty-first century with theoretical and empirical work by Barlow and colleagues conceptualizing a "unified approach" to understanding and treating emotional disorders (e.g., Barlow, Allen, & Choate, 2004) and, subsequently, the initial publication of the Unified Protocols for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders (Barlow et al., 2011). However, up until the mid-twentieth century, psychotherapeutic approaches were nothing if not transdiagnostic, in that they addressed underlying psychodynamic and interpersonal processes theorized to lead to the development of broad psychological neuroses. This approach changed during the second half of the twentieth century, in accordance with two parallel and mutually informative developments. First, with each new iteration of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Mental Disorders (DSM) from the publication of the original DSM in 1952 to DSM-IV in 1994, the number of diagnoses proliferated, and diagnostic criteria became increasingly fine-grained. During the same historical period, new treatments for these highly specified diagnoses were developed based on new empirical and theoretical evidence (e.g., exposure for phobias), and more rigorous outcomes research on cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and other interventions began to emerge (Barlow et al., 2004). Psychotherapy research was conducted using newly-developed treatment manuals addressing symptoms of highly specific diagnoses (e.g., panic disorder, specific phobias) to help ensure scientific rigor and replicability. The turn back toward transdiagnostic models of psychopathology and treatment at the turn of the twenty-first century was based on growing recognition of the commonalities among psychiatric diagnoses, the shared features of psychotherapeutic interventions for distinct diagnoses, and the beneficial effects of treatments for one diagnosis on other diagnoses, which will be further discussed below"--
Diabetes Digital Health brings together the multifaceted information surrounding the science of digital health from an academic, regulatory, industrial, investment and cybersecurity perspective. Clinicians and researchers who are developing and evaluating mobile apps for diabetes patients will find this essential reading, as will industry people whose companies are developing mobile apps and sensors. Provides valuable information for clinicians, researchers and industry about the design and evaluation of patient-facing diabetes adherence technologies Highlights cutting-edge topics that are presented and discussed at the Digital Diabetes Congress