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Fallout monitoring data for the United States and Canada during the spring of 1955 "Teapot" weapons test series are reported. In the continental United States individual station totals, extrapolated to January 1, 1956, range from 3.1 to 850 millicuries per square mile. Fallout in Canada and elsewhere is lower than in the United States. There are indications of continuing fallout in not greatly diminished amount for a short time after the close of the reporting period on May 20.
This report describes the activities of an estimated 11,000 DoD personnel, both military and civilian, in Operation TEAPOT, the fifth atmospheric nuclear weapons testing series conducted in Nevada from 18 February to 15 May 1955. Activities engaging DoD personnel included Exercise Desert Rock VI observer programs, troop tests, and technical service programs; AEC scientific and diagnostic measurements to evaluate the effects of the nuclear device; DoD operational training programs; and air support.
This report describes the activities of an estimated 11,000 DoD personnel, both military and civilian, in Operation TEAPOT, the fifth atmospheric nuclear weapons testing series conducted in Nevada from 18 February to 15 May 1955. Activities engaging DoD personnel included Exercise Desert Rock VI observer programs, troop tests, and technical service programs; AEC scientific and diagnostic measurements to evaluate the effects of the nuclear device; DoD operational training programs; and air support.
In two series of experiments 277 experimental animals, including 66 dogs, 52 rabbits, 52 guinea pigs, 63 rats, and 44 mice, were exposed under selected conditions in six different general types of instrumented above- and below-ground shelters to blast produced by nuclear explosions. The distance of the several structures from Ground Zero ranged from 1050 to 5500 ft. The most severe alterations in the pressure environment occurring inside the structures followed the detonation of a nuclear device with a yield approximately 50 per cent greater than nominal. The highest overpressure to which animals were exposed was 85.8 psi, the rise time of which was 4 msec. The overpressure endured for about 570 msec. Overpressures ranged from this maximum downward in 15 other exposure situations to a minimum of 1.3 psi enduring for nearly 1346 msec but rising to a maximum in about 420 msec. The latter pressure occurred inside a reinforced concrete bathroom shelter, which was the only surviving part of a house otherwise totally destroyed, at 4700 ft where the outside incident pressure was about 5 psi. Following the nuclear explosions, all animals were recovered, examined, sacrificed, and subjected to gross and microscopic pathological study. All lesions were tabulated and described. The results of pressure-time data, documenting the variations on the pressure environment, are presented and analyzed, and an exploratory attempt is made to relate the alterations in the pressure environment to the associated pathology observed. A critical review of selected material from the blast and related literature is presented. All data are discussed, and the several problems related to the design and construction of protective shelters are noted and briefly, but analytically, assessed.
This report describes the activities of DoD personnel, both military and civilian, in Shots WASP, MOTH, TESLA, TURK, and HORNET, the first five events of the TEAPOT atmospheric nuclear weapons test series. The tests were conducted from February 18 to March 12, 1955 and involved participants from Exercise Desert Rock VI, AFSWP, AFSWC, AEC nuclear weapons development laboratory test groups, and the Civil Effects Test Group. This volume also describes the radiological safety activities undertaken at each of these five shots.
This report presents a summary of the military participation in Operation TEAPOT, conducted at the Nevada Test Site during the period 15 February through 28 May 1955. The missions of the military representation within the test organization were: (1) to conduct a series of military effects experiments; (2) to coordinate a series of operational training projects; (3) to assist the AEC in the conduct of operation; and (4) to coordinate military activities not falling within the purview of the test organization. (Author).
Proving Grounds brings together a wide range of scholars across disciplines and geographical borders to deepen our understanding of the environmental impact that the U.S. military presence has had at home and abroad. The essays in this collection survey the environmental damage caused by weapons testing and military bases to local residents, animal populations, and landscapes, and they examine the military’s efforts to close and repurpose bases—often as wildlife reserves. Together they present a complex and nuanced view that embraces the ironies, contradictions, and unintended consequences of U.S. militarism around the world. In complicating our understanding of the American military’s worldwide presence, the essayists also reveal the rare cases when the military is actually ahead of the curve on environmental regulation compared to the private sector. The result is the most comprehensive examination to date of the U.S. military’s environmental footprint—for better or worse—across the globe.