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The Economics of Occupational Safety and Health examines occupational risks that influence the safety decisions of a firm.
Commentary on labour legislation concerning occupational safety and occupational health in the USA - reviews the work of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration in standard setting; examines the value of human life in terms of hazard elimination costs; argues thet disclosure of information, more effective than labour policy in improving employees attitude and trade union attitude towards arduous working conditions. References, statistical tables.
Undertaking economic evaluations of workplace-based occupational health and safety interventions can be difficult, reflected by the significant lack of literature, evidence and guidance on the subject. Particular difficulties include: complex labour legislation; differences in the perception of health risks associated with work experiences amongst workplace parties and policy makers; the burden of costs and consequences being borne by different stakeholders in the system; conflicting incentives and priorities between the multiple stakeholders; lack of consensus about what ought to count as a benefit or cost of intervening or not intervening; multiple providers of indemnity and medical care coverage; and industry-specific human resources practices making it difficult to identify all work-related illnesses and injuries. In addition, most health economics methods books are designed for use in a clinical setting, which cannot be adapted for the workplace setting. In the face of such barriers, it is not surprising that few studies of occupational health and safety interventions contain an economic evaluation. This book aims to lay the foundations for a systematic methodology of economic evaluation of workplace interventions, by identifying the main barriers to research of high quality and practical relevance, and proposing a research strategy to remedy these weaknesses. Context chapters provide a wealth of background material ranging from a presentation of the broad conceptualization of work and health, to suggestions for strategies in confronting the dearth of data often experienced by occupational health and safety researchers. They take into account the varying institutional and regulatory approaches in different international jurisdictions. Specific topic chapters delve into the principles and application of economic evaluation methods relevant to this setting: study design, type of analysis, costs, consequences, uncertainty, and equity are all covered, providing guidance on analytical and decision making challenges. The concluding chapter synthesizes the summaries, conclusions, challenges and recommendations from across the book, presenting these in a reference case.
The industrial workplace should be an environmentally sound and reliable operation with established safety and health policies and practices. Most companies work hard to achieve this goal by having Industrial Safety and Risk Management programs in place. The key benefits of a first-class ISRM program are the reduction of risk to people, environment, assets and production for company personnel, contractors, the public and investors. Professors Wilson and McCutcheon offer an integrated approach to industrial safety and risk management and explain the elements of practice required to manage health, safety and environmental risk effectively. Contributors from industry and government add their expertise to provide a comprehensive examination of issues concerning industrial health, safety and risk management programs; risk assessment and management; causation models and systematic incident investigation; and human factors. Case studies of industrial disasters offer lessons in how to proactively reduce risks in operations or projects. Industrial Safety and Risk Management provides a solid base for students and industry to implement, manage and improve their understanding and knowledge of safety and risk management programs. It provides an excellent training program for new professionals, junior managers and supervisors working in industry.