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To identify changes in the structure, size, and wood raw material inputs of the primary wood processing industry in Ohio, the Ohio Division of Forestry and the U.S. Forest Service conduct a periodic survey of this sector. The current assessment of the state of the primary wood products industry in Ohio is based on information collected for the period 2003 through 2006. Average annual roundwood removals from Ohio forest lands are estimated to have been 91.2 million cubic feet during the period, virtually the same as the harvest level found by the previous survey in 1989. This volume includes 5.2 million cubic feet of saw logs and veneer logs exported to other countries, 62.5 million cubic feet of logs for domestic use, 23.5 million cubic feet of pulpwood. Of the log volume harvested from Ohio forests that was consumed domestically, 96.5 percent was processed by the State's 197 sawmills while veneer mills processed only 0.7 percent. Of the pulpwood volume, 74 percent was consumed by the pulp and paper industry and the remaining 26 percent was consumed by the engineered wood products industry, predominantly by panel (oriented strand board) manufacturers. Considering saw log transfers among states (excluding international shipments), the ratio of imports to exports for Ohio is 5.6 to 1, indicating that Ohio remains a net importer of saw logs.
This report summarizes annual forest inventories conducted in Ohio from 2001 to 2006 by the Northern Research Station's Forest Inventory and Analysis unit. Ohio's forest land covers 7.9 million acres or 30 percent of the State's land area, changing little in forest land area since 1991. Of this land, 5.8 million acres (73 percent) are held by family forest owners. The current growing-stock inventory is 12.3 billion cubic feet--2 percent more than in 1991--and averages 1,603 cubic feet per acre. Yellow-poplar continues to lead in volume followed by red and sugar maples. Since 1991, the saw log portion of growing-stock volume has increased by 35 percent to 41 billion board feet. In the latest inventory, net growth exceeded removals for all major species except elm.
This annual Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Fiscal Year 2015 business report (#18) will tell you, the taxpayers, partners, and clients what the program has accomplished with the financial resources provided and what the program will accomplish in the coming year with budgeted financial resources. This relationship with taxpayers, partners, and clients is integral to FIA's continued success, because accountability is their first priority. Some key findings of this annual report are: Annualized progress, Funding, Partners' support, Grants and agreements, Data availability, Five-year reports, Quality assurance, Users groups, Personnel, Other program features, New FIA Strategic Plan, Looking to 2016. This information can be used in many ways, such as evaluating wildlife habitat conditions, assessing sustainability of current ecosystem management practices, monitoring forest health, supporting planning and decision-making activities undertaken by public and private enterprises, and predicting the effects of climate change. Related products: Soil Manual Survey --New --2017 can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/soil-survey-manual-march-2017 Forest Health Monitoring: National Status, Trends, and Analysis, 2014 can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/001-000-04768-0?ctid=819 National Individual Tree Species Atlas can be found at this link: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/001-001-00703-0?ctid=819 Christmas Tree Pest Manual can be found at this link: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/sku/001-000-04764-7?ctid=819 Other products available from the United States Forest Service can be found at this link: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/agency/819 Environment & Nature publications can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/environment-nature Department of Agriculture (USDA) publications can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/agency/department-agriculture-usda
This book is primarily a general text covering the whole sweep of the forest industries. The over-riding emphasis is on a clear, simple interpretation of the underlying science, demonstrating how such principles apply to processing operations. The book considers the broad question "what is wood?" by looking at the biology, chemistry and physics of wood structure. Wood quality is examined, and explanations are offered on how and why wood quality varies and the implications for processing. Finally, various "industrial processes" are reviewed and interpreted. All chapters have been written by specialists, but the presentation targets a generalist audience.
This study presents techniques for calculating average net annual additions to carbon in forests and in forest products. Forest ecosystem carbon yield tables, representing stand-level merchantable volume and carbon pools as a function of stand age, were developed for 51 forest types within 10 regions of the United States. Separate tables were developed for afforestation and reforestation. Because carbon continues to be sequestered in harvested wood, approaches to calculate carbon sequestered in harvested forest products are included. Although these calculations are simple and inexpensive to use, the uncertainty of results obtained by using representative average values may be high relative to other techniques that use site- or project-specific data. The estimates and methods in this report are consistent with guidelines being updated for the U.S. Voluntary Reporting of Greenhouse Gases Program and with guidelines developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The CD-ROM included with this publication contains a complete set of tables in spreadsheet format.
Industrial timber plantations are controversial in many parts of the world. Indonesia provides an interesting case study, with its history of conflicts over land use and current ambitions for plantation expansion. This study investigated perceived impacts of plantations on nearby rural populations. A survey was conducted of 606 respondents across three islands (Java, Borneo and Sumatra), three tree species (acacia, teak and pine) and three end uses (pulpwood, timber production and resin production). In addition, a Q-method analysis was conducted at a site with an established pulpwood plantation in order to identify significantly diverse perceptions of the plantation among villagers. The methods were combined to arrive at a representative view of these perceptions and expectations. Results illustrate a diversity of viewpoints among villagers, with perceptions varying from general dissatisfaction to enthusiasm. Perceptions of pine and teak plantations tend to differ from acacia pulpwood plantations. For pine and teak, respondents reported a higher number and greater variety of benefits and services, higher number of perceived positive impacts in general, a better environmental record, and more opportunities to use plantation land and products for rural livelihoods. These results contrast with the heavy focus around acacia plantations on economic development and infrastructure. Hence, acacia plantations enjoy some level of recognition for opening up remote areas and providing infrastructure and services that are traditionally the responsibility of the state. Data were disaggregated by gender to enable further analysis, and offer a general indication that plantation development has not affected women more negatively than men. Our analysis leads to several clear directions for the improvement of plantation management. The role of the state must be clarified and potentially reinforced, except if the burden of development, including that of infrastructure, is to remain the responsibility of companies. Lessons can be drawn from the teak and pine cases in Java as to the performance of institutions that act as intermediaries between companies and people. Contributions by communities should be facilitated early in the planning stages, and this should apply in particular to land claims, to the organization of the labor force (including the privileged form of work contract), to the spatial distribution of the plantation in order to leave aside areas of local value, and to options for land sharing, as this is a major vehicle for fruitful coexistence.