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For readers with some competence in PDE solution properties, this book offers an interdisciplinary approach to problems occurring in natural environmental media: the hydrosphere, atmosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere, biosphere and ionosphere. It presents two major discretization methods: Finite Difference and Finite Element, plus a section on practical approaches to ill-posed problems. The blend of theory, analysis, and implementation practicality supports solving and understanding complicated problems.
A comprehensive guide to numerical methods for simulating physical-chemical systems This book offers a systematic, highly accessible presentation of numerical methods used to simulate the behavior of physical-chemical systems. Unlike most books on the subject, it focuses on methodology rather than specific applications. Written for students and professionals across an array of scientific and engineering disciplines and with varying levels of experience with applied mathematics, it provides comprehensive descriptions of numerical methods without requiring an advanced mathematical background. Based on its author’s more than forty years of experience teaching numerical methods to engineering students, Numerical Methods for Solving Partial Differential Equations presents the fundamentals of all of the commonly used numerical methods for solving differential equations at a level appropriate for advanced undergraduates and first-year graduate students in science and engineering. Throughout, elementary examples show how numerical methods are used to solve generic versions of equations that arise in many scientific and engineering disciplines. In writing it, the author took pains to ensure that no assumptions were made about the background discipline of the reader. Covers the spectrum of numerical methods that are used to simulate the behavior of physical-chemical systems that occur in science and engineering Written by a professor of engineering with more than forty years of experience teaching numerical methods to engineers Requires only elementary knowledge of differential equations and matrix algebra to master the material Designed to teach students to understand, appreciate and apply the basic mathematics and equations on which Mathcad and similar commercial software packages are based Comprehensive yet accessible to readers with limited mathematical knowledge, Numerical Methods for Solving Partial Differential Equations is an excellent text for advanced undergraduates and first-year graduate students in the sciences and engineering. It is also a valuable working reference for professionals in engineering, physics, chemistry, computer science, and applied mathematics.
The authors' aim is to offer the reader the fundamentals of numerous mathematical methods with accompanying practical environmental applications. The material in this book addresses mathematical calculations common to both the environmental science and engineering professionals. It provides the reader with nearly 100 solved illustrative examples and the interrelationship between both theory and applications is emphasized in nearly all of the 35 chapters. One key feature of this book is that the solutions to the problems are presented in a stand-alone manner. Throughout the book, the illustrative examples are laid out in such a way as to develop the reader's technical understanding of the subject in question, with more difficult examples located at or near the end of each set. In presenting the text material, the authors have stressed the pragmatic approach in the application of mathematical tools to assist the reader in grasping the role of mathematical skills in environmental problem-solving situations. The book is divided up into 5 parts: Introduction; Analytical Analysis; Numerical Analysis; Statistical Analysis; and Optimization. The analytical analysis includes graphical, trial-and-error, search, etc. methods. The numerical analysis includes integration, differentiation, differential equation, Monte Carlo, etc. The statistical analysis includes probability, probability distribution, decision trees, regression analysis, etc. Optimization includes both traditional approaches and linear programming.
It is the first text that in addition to standard convergence theory treats other necessary ingredients for successful numerical simulations of physical systems encountered by every practitioner. The book is aimed at users with interests ranging from application modeling to numerical analysis and scientific software development. It is strongly influenced by the authors research in in space physics, electrical and optical engineering, applied mathematics, numerical analysis and professional software development. The material is based on a year-long graduate course taught at the University of Arizona since 1989. The book covers the first two-semesters of a three semester series. The second semester is based on a semester-long project, while the third semester requirement consists of a particular methods course in specific disciplines like computational fluid dynamics, finite element method in mechanical engineering, computational physics, biology, chemistry, photonics, etc. The first three chapters focus on basic properties of partial differential equations, including analysis of the dispersion relation, symmetries, particular solutions and instabilities of the PDEs; methods of discretization and convergence theory for initial value problems. The goal is to progress from observations of simple numerical artifacts like diffusion, damping, dispersion, and anisotropies to their analysis and management technique, as it is not always possible to completely eliminate them. In the second part of the book we cover topics for which there are only sporadic theoretical results, while they are an integral part and often the most important part for successful numerical simulation. We adopt a more heuristic and practical approach using numerical methods of investigation and validation. The aim is teach students subtle key issues in order to separate physics from numerics. The following topics are addressed: Implementation of transparent and absorbing boundary conditions; Practical stability analysis in the presence of the boundaries and interfaces; Treatment of problems with different temporal/spatial scales either explicit or implicit; preservation of symmetries and additional constraints; physical regularization of singularities; resolution enhancement using adaptive mesh refinement and moving meshes. Self contained presentation of key issues in successful numerical simulationAccessible to scientists and engineers with diverse backgroundProvides analysis of the dispersion relation, symmetries, particular solutions and instabilities of the partial differential equations
Practical text shows how to formulate and solve partial differential equations. Coverage includes diffusion-type problems, hyperbolic-type problems, elliptic-type problems, and numerical and approximate methods. Solution guide available upon request. 1982 edition.
"This book was written to provide a text for graduate and undergraduate students who took our courses in numerical methods. It incorporates the essential elements of all the numerical methods currently used extensively in the solution of partial differential equations encountered regularly in science and engineering. Because our courses were typically populated by students from varied backgrounds and with diverse interests, we attempted to eliminate jargon or nomenclature that would render the work unintelligible to any student. Moreover, in response to student needs, we incorporated not only classical (and not so classical) finite-difference methods but also finite-element, collocation, and boundary-element procedures. After an introduction to the various numerical schemes, each equation type--parabolic, elliptic, and hyperbolic--is allocated a separate chapter. Within each of these chapters the material is presented by numerical method. Thus one can read the book either by equation-type or numerical approach."--Preface, page [v].
For more than 250 years partial di?erential equations have been clearly the most important tool available to mankind in order to understand a large variety of phenomena, natural at ?rst and then those originating from - man activity and technological development. Mechanics, physics and their engineering applications were the ?rst to bene?t from the impact of partial di?erential equations on modeling and design, but a little less than a century ago the Schr ̈ odinger equation was the key opening the door to the application of partial di?erential equations to quantum chemistry, for small atomic and molecular systems at ?rst, but then for systems of fast growing complexity. The place of partial di?erential equations in mathematics is a very particular one: initially, the partial di?erential equations modeling natural phenomena were derived by combining calculus with physical reasoning in order to - press conservation laws and principles in partial di?erential equation form, leading to the wave equation, the heat equation, the equations of elasticity, the Euler and Navier–Stokes equations for ?uids, the Maxwell equations of electro-magnetics, etc. It is in order to solve ‘constructively’ the heat equation that Fourier developed the series bearing his name in the early 19th century; Fourier series (and later integrals) have played (and still play) a fundamental roleinbothpureandappliedmathematics,includingmanyareasquiteremote from partial di?erential equations. On the other hand, several areas of mathematics such as di?erential ge- etry have bene?ted from their interactions with partial di?erential equations.
Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations: Finite Difference and Finite Volume Methods focuses on two popular deterministic methods for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), namely finite difference and finite volume methods. The solution of PDEs can be very challenging, depending on the type of equation, the number of independent variables, the boundary, and initial conditions, and other factors. These two methods have been traditionally used to solve problems involving fluid flow. For practical reasons, the finite element method, used more often for solving problems in solid mechanics, and covered extensively in various other texts, has been excluded. The book is intended for beginning graduate students and early career professionals, although advanced undergraduate students may find it equally useful. The material is meant to serve as a prerequisite for students who might go on to take additional courses in computational mechanics, computational fluid dynamics, or computational electromagnetics. The notations, language, and technical jargon used in the book can be easily understood by scientists and engineers who may not have had graduate-level applied mathematics or computer science courses. Presents one of the few available resources that comprehensively describes and demonstrates the finite volume method for unstructured mesh used frequently by practicing code developers in industry Includes step-by-step algorithms and code snippets in each chapter that enables the reader to make the transition from equations on the page to working codes Includes 51 worked out examples that comprehensively demonstrate important mathematical steps, algorithms, and coding practices required to numerically solve PDEs, as well as how to interpret the results from both physical and mathematic perspectives
Sound knowledge of the latest research results in the thermodynamics and design of thermoelectric devices, providing a solid foundation for thermoelectric element and module design in the technical development process and thus serving as an indispensable tool for any application development. The text is aimed mainly at the project developer in the field of thermoelectric technology, both in academia and industry, as well as at graduate and advanced undergraduate students. Some core sections address the specialist in the field of thermoelectric energy conversion, providing detailed discussion of key points with regard to optimization. The international team of authors with experience in thermoelectrics research represents such institutes as EnsiCaen Universite de Paris, JPL, CalTech, and the German Aerospace Center.
This significantly expanded fourth edition is designed as an introduction to the theory and applications of linear PDEs. The authors provide fundamental concepts, underlying principles, a wide range of applications, and various methods of solutions to PDEs. In addition to essential standard material on the subject, the book contains new material that is not usually covered in similar texts and reference books. It also contains a large number of worked examples and exercises dealing with problems in fluid mechanics, gas dynamics, optics, plasma physics, elasticity, biology, and chemistry; solutions are provided.