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The United States must operate successfully in space to help assure its security and economic well being. The Department of the Navy is a major user of space capabilities, although those capabilities are now primarily provided by DOD, the Air Force, and NOAA. Following a DOD assessment of national space security management in 2001, the Navy commissioned a Panel to Review Space to assess Navy space policy and strategy. As an extension of that review, the NRC was requested by the Navy to examine its needs in space for providing future operational and technical capabilities. This report presents a discussion of the strategic framework of future space needs, the roles and responsibilities for meeting those needs, an assessment of Navy support to space mission areas, and a proposed vision for fulfilling Naval forces space needs.
The United States must operate successfully in space to help assure its security and economic well being. The Department of the Navy is a major user of space capabilities, although those capabilities are now primarily provided by DOD, the Air Force, and NOAA. Following a DOD assessment of national space security management in 2001, the Navy commissioned a Panel to Review Space to assess Navy space policy and strategy. As an extension of that review, the NRC was requested by the Navy to examine its needs in space for providing future operational and technical capabilities. This report presents a discussion of the strategic framework of future space needs, the roles and responsibilities for meeting those needs, an assessment of Navy support to space mission areas, and a proposed vision for fulfilling Naval forces space needs.
The United States must operate successfully in space to help assure its security and economic well being. The Department of the Navy is a major user of space capabilities, although those capabilities are now primarily provided by DOD, the Air Force, and NOAA. Following a DOD assessment of national space security management in 2001, the Navy commissioned a Panel to Review Space to assess Navy space policy and strategy. As an extension of that review, the NRC was requested by the Navy to examine its needs in space for providing future operational and technical capabilities. This report presents a discussion of the strategic framework of future space needs, the roles and responsibilities for meeting those needs, an assessment of Navy support to space mission areas, and a proposed vision for fulfilling Naval forces space needs.
The proliferation of space technologies, systems and services is creating a threat to naval operations in theater. To counter these threats and take advantage of the emerging technology the Navy needs to understand what space capabilities are required. An analysis of the five enduring Navy roles as laid out in "Forward ... Prom the Sea" shows where space threats and capabilities cross. This intersection provides a framework within the construct of USSPACECOM's Long Range Plan to examine Navy space requirements. The Navy as a provider to USSPACECOM and a user of many space services has unique capabilities that can be used to project power into space. The integration of space control capabilities and sea borne forward presence can provide an umbrella of security for friendly forces in a theater.
This 2007 thesis at the Naval Postgraduate School provides instructive review of the reasons the US Navy has historically taken second place to the US Air Force in providing and utilizing military access to space, then puts forward proposals for improving the situation, notably, the formation of an independent Space Corps. Nearly twenty years later, the context has shifted, with the Navy ever more dependent on satellite services, and space-based surveillance a key element in the new "kill chain" of anti-ship ballistic and hypersonic weapons. The Navy, whose mission uniquely involves slow-moving persistence of large, not especially stealthy, objects over the vast expanses of the world's oceans, is also uniquely sensitive to the adversary capabilities afforded by small, extremely-fast-moving objects passing far overhead. Future naval wars with peer competitors will be inextricably connected with US military space capabilities. This document proposes an alternative construct for the organization and utilization of Navy space resources. It discusses the history and development of space systems in the United States, including the Navy's involvement. The document emphasizes the need for a stronger Navy presence in space and the potential establishment of a U.S. Space Force. It provides information on various organizations, programs, and concepts related to the Navy's space program. The document also discusses the roles and responsibilities of entities within the Navy and the Department of Defense related to space systems and communications. It highlights the importance of the Navy Space Cadre and the need for clear goals and objectives for their effective management and operation. The document addresses the challenges and issues surrounding the control and operation of satellite systems within the Department of Defense and suggests consolidating these functions under one organization for improved efficiency. Overall, it emphasizes the need for a more streamlined and centralized approach to satellite control and operations. This annotated edition illustrates the capabilities of the AI Lab for Book-Lovers to add context and ease-of-use to manuscripts. It includes five types of abstracts, building from simplest to more complex: TLDR (one word), ELI5, TLDR (vanilla), Scientific Style, and Action Items; four essays to increase viewpoint diversity: Context in the Discourse, Formal Dissent; Red Team Critique; and MAGA Perspective; and Notable Passages and Nutshell Summaries for each page. Original contains several color images (simple PowerPoint charts) which are reproduced here in grayscale as it was judged that the benefit did not justify the printing costs's significant impact on list price.
Space competency is critical to winning our future wars. Over the past 60 years, the United States Navy (USN) has played an essential role as an active enabler of space-based capabilities. In this day and age, when adversaries continue to mature their own space capabilities to deny U.S. capabilities, further developing space-based systems for Naval and Marine Corps operations is imperative. While the USN's professional Naval Space Cadre has grown in numbers and improved its proficiency in recent years, the USN must invest in space support to the warfighter in order to increase space-based fleet training that will strengthen the cadre as well as the end users. This thesis identifies gaps in the space-based education that is being provided to the Midshipmen at the United States Naval Academy. This study finds that the United States Naval Academy needs to increase awareness of the Navy and Marine Corps' reliance on space-based systems, and to emphasize the growing need for space professionals, through education. Expanding curricula to Midshipmen on space-based systems and operations could be the key to enhancing the Navy Space Cadre for the future and protecting warfighters. I. Introduction * A. Background * B. Purpose * C. Research Questions * D. Benefit Of Study * Ii. Analysis Of U.S. Navy And Marine Corps Space Cadre And Support Requirements * A. Policy * B. Space Reliance * C. Manpower Navy Space Cadre * D. Responsibilities * 1. Navy Space Cadre Responsibilities * 2. Marine Corps Space Cadre Responsibilities * E. Future Of The Navy Space Cadre * F. Future Marine Space Cadre * Iii. The United States Naval Academy Professional And Academic Development * A. Midshipmen Professional Development * B. Midshipmen Academic Development * C. Offered Space Education At The Usna * Iv. Space Education At The United States Air Force Academy, United States Military Academy And Naval Postgraduate School * A. U.S. Air Force Academy Astronautical * Engineering, Space Operations, Systems * Engineering (Space Systems) * B. West Point Space Science Major And Minor * C. Naval Postgraduate School * V. Analysis And Recommendations * A. U.S. Naval Academy Analysis * B. Integrating Space-Related Education At The Usna * C. Tier One: Integrated Space Education In The Midshipmen Training Program * D. Tier Two: Integration Of Space Education Into Existing Core Curricula * 1. Nn310: Advanced Navigation * 2. Es300: Naval Weapons Systems * 3. Ns42xx: Junior Officer Practicum * E. Tier Three: Integration Of A New Space Operations Major At The Usna * Vi. Conclusion And Future Work * A. Conclusions * B. Future Work * 1. Course Improvement And Course Development * 2. Integration Of Space Operations And Cyber Operations * 3. Classified Level Education
U.S. Navy efforts in implementing Department of Defense policy guidance for the effective integration of space capabilities and effects consist of a variety of multi-pronged and disjointed efforts. Lack of clear direction in analysis and identification of current and future requirements for space-related capabilities presents a hazard to implementation of the tenants of Sea Power 21 and Navy participation in future conflicts. This work proposes an alternative construct for the organization and utilization of Navy space resources against the backdrop of requirements levied by the 2001 U.S. Commission to Assess National Security Space Management and Organizations and resulting Department of Defense Directive 5101.2, DoD Executive Agent for Space. In order to accomplish its mission, the Navy must establish a clear focus of effort, consolidate and formalize space-related human capital and divest itself of space-specific undertakings not related to core functions. This thesis establishes arguments to propose that the United States Navy relinquish development, acquisition and satellite operations tasks to another service or agency, and invest in appropriately leveraging space assets through the professionalization and promotion of a robust, educated, experienced and capable Navy Space Cadre.
From a military operational standpoint, surprise is an event or capability that could affect the outcome of a mission or campaign for which preparations are not in place. By definition, it is not possible to truly anticipate surprise. It is only possible to prevent it (in the sense of minimizing the number of possible surprises by appropriate planning), to create systems that are resilient to an adversary's unexpected actions, or to rapidly and effectively respond when surprised. Responding to Capability Surprise examines the issues surrounding capability surprise, both operational and technical, facing the U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard. This report selects a few surprises from across a continuum of surprises, from disruptive technologies, to intelligence-inferred capability developments, to operational deployments, and assesses what the Naval Forces are doing (and could do) about them while being mindful of future budgetary declines. The report then examines which processes are in place or could be in place in the Navy, the Marine Corps, and the Coast Guard to address such surprises. Today's U.S. naval forces continue to face a wide range of potential threats in the indefinite future and for this reason must continue to balance and meet their force structure needs. The recommendations of Responding to Capability Surprise will help to ensure more responsive, more resilient, and more adaptive behavior across the organization from the most senior leadership to the individual sailors, Marines, and Coast Guardsmen.
Naval Analytical Capabilities assesses current Department of Defense initiatives and the Department of the Navy's progress in transitioning from a requirements-based to a capabilities-based organization. The report also provides recommendations aimed at improving the organizational structure of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations to best position the Chief of Naval Operations to fulfill his Title 10 (U.S. Code on Armed Forces) responsibilities. This report addresses key elements of capabilities-based planning, examines Navy analytical processes, and recommends an approach to making improvements.
The Navy has put forth a new construct for its strike forces that enables more effective forward deterrence and rapid response. A key aspect of this construct is the need for flexible, adaptive command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR) systems. To assist development of this capability, the Navy asked the NRC to examine C4ISR for carrier, expeditionary, and strike and missile defense strike groups, and for expeditionary strike forces. This report provides an assessment of C4ISR capabilities for each type of strike group; recommendations for C4ISR architecture for use in major combat operations; promising technology trends; and an examination of organizational improvements that can enable the recommended architecture.