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This book on Nation Building and Local Leadership is a unique one without a parallel. It has evolved from the first ever Ph. D. thesis in India on the subject of Nation Building (submitted and approved for the award of Ph. D. from the JNU, New Delhi, in 1977). This book contains: (a) Theoretical justification for the study of nation building and local leadership; (b) Conceptual analysis of the concept and process of Nation building; (c) A review of Nation building in India from the phase of the nationalist movement till 1977 from a historical perspective; (d) Empirical study on the image of nation building held by the local leaders in Tamil Nadu and Kerala selected for this study; (e) Conceptual analysis of the empirical findings from the behavioral study of the local leaders studied; and (f) Valuable and up-to-date profile of the important socio- political leaders of Kerala and Tamil Nadu given as Annexure at the end of the book. The book is a source of information and insights to those interested in understanding the dynamics of political evolution in Tamil Nadu and Kerala since the middle of the 20th century till now, including both teachers and students of fields like Political Science, Public Administration and Public policy formulation. The book provokes well-meaning political leaders of the day to ask and answer the question "Are we doing and accomplishing and what we are expected to be doing and accomplishing?". The author holds the academic qualifications of M.A.(First Class) in Political Science from the M.S. University, Baroda); M. Phil and Ph.D. in Political Studies from the Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi; M.B.A. (with Distinction) from the University of Leeds, U.K.; and E.K.S. from the Mewes System, Frankfurt, Germany. He has worked as a faculty member in JNU, New Delhi, SGU, Surat, and IMG (since 1976 till retirement in 2008). After retirement he worked as Professor and Director of the Head, Dept. of Management Studies in the MBA Department, Mar Athanasius College, Kothamangalam, followed by being Dean, Marian Academy of Management Studies, Kothamangalam, and as Professor and Head of the Department of Management Studies in the Viswajyothi College of Engineering and Technology (VJCET), Vazhakulam, Kerala, India. He was also Dean of the Faculty of Management Studies, University of Kerala. Through four study tours to the USA, he has been able to improve his comparative understanding of the management of people and organizations. For several years, he was a member of the American Political Science Association, American Society for Public Administration, and American Management Association. He is a Life Member of the Indian Institute of Public Administration and the Quality Circle Forum of India. He is also an ardent student of Yoga and the Indian traditions in value management. He can be contacted through: [email protected]
The COVID-19 virus outbreak has rocked the world and it is widely accepted that there can be no return to the pre-pandemic society of 2019. However, many suggestions for the future of society and the planet are aimed at national governments, international bodies and society in general. Drawing on a decade of research by an internationally renowned expert, this book focuses on how cities and communities can lead the way in developing recovery strategies that promote social, economic and environmental justice. It offers new thinking tools for civic leaders and activists as well as practical suggestions on how we can co-create a more inclusive post COVID-19 future for us all.
The American nation-building creed -- Reconstruction after civil war -- Reconstruction after empire -- Reconstruction after fascism -- Reconstruction after Communist revolution -- Reconstruction after September 11 -- Conclusion: The future of nation-building.
A new and comprehensive look at the reasons behind successful or failed nation building Nation Building presents bold new answers to an age-old question. Why is national integration achieved in some diverse countries, while others are destabilized by political inequality between ethnic groups, contentious politics, or even separatism and ethnic war? Traversing centuries and continents from early nineteenth-century Europe and Asia to Africa from the turn of the twenty-first century to today, Andreas Wimmer delves into the slow-moving forces that encourage political alliances to stretch across ethnic divides and build national unity. Using datasets that cover the entire world and three pairs of case studies, Wimmer’s theory of nation building focuses on slow-moving, generational processes: the spread of civil society organizations, linguistic assimilation, and the states’ capacity to provide public goods. Wimmer contrasts Switzerland and Belgium to demonstrate how the early development of voluntary organizations enhanced nation building; he examines Botswana and Somalia to illustrate how providing public goods can bring diverse political constituencies together; and he shows that the differences between China and Russia indicate how a shared linguistic space may help build political alliances across ethnic boundaries. Wimmer then reveals, based on the statistical analysis of large-scale datasets, that these mechanisms are at work around the world and explain nation building better than competing arguments such as democratic governance or colonial legacies. He also shows that when political alliances crosscut ethnic divides and when most ethnic communities are represented at the highest levels of government, the general populace will identify with the nation and its symbols, further deepening national political integration. Offering a long-term historical perspective and global outlook, Nation Building sheds important new light on the challenges of political integration in diverse countries.
The effort to improve state institutions in post-conflict societies is a complicated business. Even when foreign intervention is carried out with the best of intentions and the greatest resources, it often fails. What can account for this failure? In Institution Building in Weak States, Andrew Radin argues that the international community’s approach to building state institutions needs its own reform. This innovative book proposes a new strategy, rooted in a rigorous analysis of recent missions. In contrast to the common strategy of foreign interveners—imposing models drawn from Western countries—Radin shows how pursuing incremental change that accommodates local political interests is more likely to produce effective, accountable, and law-abiding institutions. Drawing on extensive field research and original interviews, Radin examines efforts to reform the central government, military, and police in post-conflict Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Iraq, and Timor-Leste. Based on his own experience in defense reform in Ukraine after 2014, Radin also draws parallels with efforts to improve state institutions outside of post-conflict societies. Institution Building in Weak States introduces a domestic opposition theory that better explains why institution building fails and what is required to make it work. With actionable recommendations for smarter policy, the book offers an important corrective for scholars and practitioners of post-conflict missions, international development, peacebuilding, and security cooperation.
Sierra Leone is in her final phase of a Post-civil War rebuilding after twelve years of what has been dubbed one of the most devastating civil conflicts in Modern African History. Since the advent and end of the conflict a lot has been written in the forms of documentaries, reportages, commentaries, satires and academic textbooks by journalists, academics, politicians, former heads of state and political analysts. However, this book- `A New Perspective On Governance, Leadership, Conflict and Nation Building in Sierra Leone.', is different. It presents a new outlook in the sense that it is incisive, analytical, honest, educative and thought-provoking at the same time. The key message that runs through the veins of the theme is state renewal informed by new thinking spectacles that efficiently configure the manner in which the management of state leadership and governance is articulated for the benefits of the common good. The author, Solomon E. Berewa was one of the key actors- Chief Government Negotiator and stakeholder of the peace deals in his capacity as Minister of Justice and Attorney General and Vice President of the Republic of Sierra Leone. He has written this masterpiece authoritatively by throwing fresh lights on the serious political issues and questions which have blurred the significance of the past and the present. Like any sincere agent of nation building, after a traumatic experience such as the one Sierra Leone went through, the rationale of the author is to build bridges across the board, political spectrums. In his estimation, it is only by looking into the past with open mind and sincerity, learn tangible lessons and act on them meticulously, that nations can be in position to surmount current challenges for the good and durability of a better tomorrow. Post-war Sierra Leone needs to have faith in this philosophy and crown it as the cornerstone in this crucial period of political and socio-economic renewal.
The post-World War II occupations of Germany and Japan set standards for postconflict nation-building that have not since been matched. Only in recent years has the United States has felt the need to participate in similar transformations, but it is now facing one of the most challenging prospects since the 1940s: Iraq. The authors review seven case studies--Germany, Japan, Somalia, Haiti, Bosnia, Kosovo, and Afghanistan--and seek lessons about what worked well and what did not. Then, they examine the Iraq situation in light of these lessons. Success in Iraq will require an extensive commitment of financial, military, and political resources for a long time. The United States cannot afford to contemplate early exit strategies and cannot afford to leave the job half completed.
Building the Nation draws from foreign-policy reports and interviews with U.S. military officers to investigate recent U.S.-led efforts to “nation-build” in Iraq and Afghanistan. Heather Selma Gregg argues that efforts to nation-build in both countries focused more on what should be called state-building, or how to establish a government, rule of law, security forces, and a viable economy. Considerably less attention was paid to what might truly be called nation-building—the process of developing a sense of shared identity, purpose, and destiny among a population within a state’s borders and popular support for the state and its government. According to Gregg, efforts to stabilize states in the modern world require two key factors largely overlooked in Iraq and Afghanistan: popular involvement in the process of rebuilding the state that gives the population ownership of the process and its results and efforts to foster and strengthen national unity. Gregg offers a hypothetical look at how the United States and its allies could have used a population-centric approach to build viable states in Iraq and Afghanistan, focusing on initiatives that would have given the population buy-in and agency. Moving forward, Gregg proposes a six-step program for state and nation-building in the twenty-first century, stressing that these efforts are as much about how state-building is done as they are about specific goals or programs.
Using a case study of Afghanistan, this study examines gender-specific impacts of conflict and post-conflict and the ways they may affect women differently than they affect men. It analyzes the role of women in the nation-building process and considers outcomes that might occur if current practices were modified. Recommendations are made for improving data collection in conflict zones and for enhancing the outcomes of nation-building programs.
Since the end of the Cold War, the United States, NATO, the United Nations, and a range of other states and nongovernmental organizations have become increasingly involved in nation-building operations. Nation-building involves the use of armed force as part of a broader effort to promote political and economic reforms, with the objective of transforming a society emerging from conflict into one at peace with itself and its neighbors. This guidebook is a practical ?how-to? manual on the conduct of effective nation-building. It is organized around the constituent elements that make up any nation-building mission: military, police, rule of law, humanitarian relief, governance, economic stabilization, democratization, and development. The chapters describe how each of these components should be organized and employed, how much of each is likely to be needed, and the likely cost. The lessons are drawn principally from 16 U.S.- and UN-led nation-building operations since World War II and from a forthcoming study on European-led missions. In short, this guidebook presents a comprehensive history of best practices in nation-building and serves as an indispensable reference for the preplanning of future interventions and for contingency planning on the ground.