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The political control of music in the Third Reich has been analysed from several perspectives, and with ever increasing sophistication. However, music in Germany after 1945 has not received anything like the same treatment. Rather, there is an assumption that two separate musical cultures emerged in East and West alongside the division of Germany into two states with differing economic and political systems. There is a widely accepted view of music in West Germany as 'free', and in the East subject to party control. Toby Thacker challenges these assumptions, asking how and why music was controlled in Germany under Allied Occupation from 1945-1949, and in the early years of 'semi-sovereignty' between 1949 and 1955. The 're-education' of Germany after the Hitler years was a unique historical experiment and the place of music within this is explored here for the first time. While emphasizing political, economic and broader social structures that influenced the production and reception of different musical forms, the book is informed by a sense of human agency, and explores the role of salient individuals in the reconstruction of music in post-war Germany. The focus is not restricted to any one kind of music, but concentrates on those aspects of music, professional and amateur, live and recorded, which appeared to be the mostly highly charged politically to contemporaries. Particular attention is given to 'denazification' and to the introduction of international music. Thacker traces the development of a divide between Communist and liberal-democratic understandings of the place of music in society. The contested celebrations of the Bach Year in 1950 are used to highlight the role of music in the broader cultural confrontation between East and West. Thacker examines the ways in which central governments in East and West Germany sought to control and influence music through mechanisms of censorship and positive support. The book will therefore be of interest not only
This book is a volume in the Penn Press Anniversary Collection. To mark its 125th anniversary in 2015, the University of Pennsylvania Press rereleased more than 1,100 titles from Penn Press's distinguished backlist from 1899-1999 that had fallen out of print. Spanning an entire century, the Anniversary Collection offers peer-reviewed scholarship in a wide range of subject areas.
Conversation in Context examines real-life speech data from the British National Corpus to show how language is used in natural conversation. The monograph describes the composition, annotation and transcription of the corpus, as well as providing a discussion of the methodology used in corpus analysis. The book uses a situational framework for conversation and argues that conversation is adapted to constraints set by the situation and to speaker needs arising from these constraints. Such a contextual view reveals a greater complexity to conversation construction than could have been anticipated without the use of corpus-based methods. This book will be of interest to academics researching corpus linguistics, discourse analysis and sociolinguistics.
"In the first three chapters, the author examines definitions of postmodern and postcultural approaches and ways in which they can be used to influence and inform us about health care. Chapters 4 and 5 look at the practical aspects of proposing and carrying out research projects using these approaches. Cheek concludes by reviewing the "intellectural journey" required in coming to grips with the meaning and application of these approaches, and she suggests ways in which the reader can continue to grow in his or her pursuit."--BOOK JACKET.
Este guardador de contraseñas es una gran herramienta para ayudarle a recordar todas sus contraseñas de Internet, a la vez que las protege de los ataques cibernéticos o de la piratería informática. Ya sea que se trate de medios sociales, sitios web de miembros, facturas, información gubernamental o bancaria, puede registrar todo en este libro de contraseñas fácil de usar. Hay dos entradas por página, cada una de las cuales contiene: - el nombre del sitio web - nombre de usuario del sitio - contraseña para este sitio - respuestas de seguridad para este sitio web - notas importantes (como las fechas de renovación de la membresía) Hay algunas páginas para notas adicionales al final del cuaderno. El cuaderno contiene un total de 105 páginas en blanco y negro en un formato de 6 X 9 pulgadas - 15,24 X 20,32 cm con grandes espacios de impresión y escritura. Hay suficiente espacio para 200 contraseñas. El interior es minimalista y simple de usar. El guardador de contraseñas es un regalo ideal para aquellos que tienen varias cuentas. Además, es ideal para las personas mayores que quieren recordar su contraseña y pasársela a su familia.
For a long time I have felt that the present gynaecological training for registrars lacked familiarisation and understanding of the basic principles of surgery. This is due to several factors. Firstly, the historical separation of gynaecology from general surgery which led to our development as an independent speciality (and which Victor Bonney foretold to our detriment when he opposed the formation of the College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists as a separate body from the College of Surgeons). Secondly, a vast improvement in medical management of many gynaecological conditions has made surgical practice dull and an unquestioning daily routine with little or no surgical instruction for many junior staff. Thirdly, the arrival of subspecialisation has exacerbated this, as complicated surgery may be referred out by the general gynaecologist. Finally, the trend in further education towards writing an MD rather than taking an FRCS degree. The arguments for and against were set out in an editorial in the British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (1983), later taken to task in the ensuing correspondence. That editorial. together with the difficulty in finding up-to-date articles on surgical principles in one volume, were the catalysts for this book. With the help of colleagues from other disciplines, I have attempted to present recent advances side-by-side with modern-day gynaecological practice.
The political control of music in the Third Reich has been analysed from several perspectives, and with ever increasing sophistication. However, music in Germany after 1945 has not received anything like the same treatment. Rather, there is an assumption that two separate musical cultures emerged in East and West alongside the division of Germany into two states with differing economic and political systems. There is a widely accepted view of music in West Germany as 'free', and in the East subject to party control. Toby Thacker challenges these assumptions, asking how and why music was controlled in Germany under Allied Occupation from 1945-1949, and in the early years of 'semi-sovereignty' between 1949 and 1955. The 're-education' of Germany after the Hitler years was a unique historical experiment and the place of music within this is explored here for the first time. While emphasizing political, economic and broader social structures that influenced the production and reception of different musical forms, the book is informed by a sense of human agency, and explores the role of salient individuals in the reconstruction of music in post-war Germany. The focus is not restricted to any one kind of music, but concentrates on those aspects of music, professional and amateur, live and recorded, which appeared to be the mostly highly charged politically to contemporaries. Particular attention is given to 'denazification' and to the introduction of international music. Thacker traces the development of a divide between Communist and liberal-democratic understandings of the place of music in society. The contested celebrations of the Bach Year in 1950 are used to highlight the role of music in the broader cultural confrontation between East and West. Thacker examines the ways in which central governments in East and West Germany sought to control and influence music through mechanisms of censorship and positive support. The book will therefore be of interest not only