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Muqarnas is sponsored by The Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Muqarnas 26 contains articles on a variety of topics that span and transcend the geographic and temporal boundaries that have traditionally defined the history of Islamic art and architecture. Contributors include Robert McChesney, Mattia Guidetti, Marcus Schadl, Christian Gruber, Katia Cytryn-Silverman, Doris Abouseif, Olga Bush, Emine Fetvaci, Moya Carey, Bernard O'Kane, Hadi Maktabi, Nadia Erzini and Stephen Vernoit.
Oleg Grabar, On Catalogues, Exhibitions, and Complete Works ;Jonathan M. Bloom, The Mosque of the Qarafa in Cairo ;Leonor Fernandes, The Foundation of Baybars al-Jashankir: Its Waqf, History, and Architecture ;Howard Crane, Some Archaeological Notes on Turkish Sardis ;Nancy Shatzman Steinhardt, Siyah Qalem and Gong Kai: An Istanbul Album Painter and a Chinese Painter of the Mongolian Period ;Do gan Kuban, The Style of Sinan's Domed Structures ;Yasser Tabbaa, Bronze Shapes in Iranian Ceramics of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries ;Mehrdad Shokoohy and Natalie H. Shokoohy, The Architecture of Baha al-Din Tughrul in the Region of Bayana, Rajasthan ;Glenn D. Lowry, Humayun's Tomb: Form, Function, and Meaning in Early Mughal Architecture ;Peter Alford Andrews, The Generous Heart or the Mass of Clouds: The Court Tents of Shah Jahan ;Priscilla P. Soucek, Persian Artists in Mughal India: Influences and Transformations ;A.J. Lee, Islamic Star Patterns ;
Muqarnas is sponsored by The Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Muqarnas articles are being published on all aspects of Islamic visual culture, historical and contemporary, as well as articles dealing with unpublished textual primary sources.
Muqarnas has always been one of the most complex decorative elements of world's monumental architecture. This unique structure has been intensely studied from various aspects by many scholars. Nevertheless, there is still lack of clarification about the structure's origin and more specifically its path of evolution. There are some theories indicating that muqarnas is originated from squinches in Iran, but no further explanation is provided to fill the huge gap between the two, i.e. muqarnas and squinch, and to clarify the quality of the gradual development. In this manuscript, the missing link between muqarnas and squinch is introduced that is in fact, another undefined form in traditional architecture of Iran, named patkaneh. A qualitative approach was employed that strives to demonstrate the steps of gradual deformation of muqarnas from squinch by defining the characteristics of the linking ornament, using an inductive approach. In addition, some critical samples of muqarnas and pseudo-muqarnas, as they are named before being identified, were selected and introduced in this manuscript, which were used as guides towards finding the gradual development of muqarnas.
Muqarnas is sponsored by The Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Muqarnas articles are being published on all aspects of Islamic visual culture, historical and contemporary, as well as articles dealing with unpublished textual primary sources.
1.Introduction 2.The Arab Region 3.The origins of architecture 4. Traditional materials for construction 5. Traditional structures 6.Shelter in the Arab Region 7.The planning elements 8.Water and waste management 9.Traditional design strategies 10.Exceptions to the rule 11.Case studies 12.Western vs Eastern ways 13.Appendix.
Oleg Grabar, On Catalogues, Exhibitions, and Complete Works; Jonathan M. Bloom, The Mosque of the Qarafa in Cairo; Leonor Fernandes, The Foundation of Baybars al-Jashankir: Its Waqf, History, and Architecture; Howard Crane, Some Archaeological Notes on Turkish Sardis; Nancy Shatzman Steinhardt, Siyah Qalem and Gong Kai: An Istanbul Album Painter and a Chinese Painter of the Mongolian Period; Do?gan Kuban, The Style of Sinan's Domed Structures; Yasser Tabbaa, Bronze Shapes in Iranian Ceramics of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries; Mehrdad Shokoohy and Natalie H. Shokoohy, The Architecture of Baha al-Din Tughrul in the Region of Bayana, Rajasthan; Glenn D. Lowry, Humayun's Tomb: Form, Function, and Meaning in Early Mughal Architecture; Peter Alford Andrews, The Generous Heart or the Mass of Clouds: The Court Tents of Shah Jahan; Priscilla P. Soucek, Persian Artists in Mughal India: Influences and Transformations; A.J. Lee, Islamic Star Patterns;
"Muqarnas" is sponsored by The Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. In "Muqarnas" articles are being published on all aspects of Islamic visual culture, historical and contemporary, as well as articles dealing with unpublished textual primary sources.
The transformation of Islamic architecture and ornament during the eleventh and twelfth centuries signaled profound cultural changes in the Islamic world. Yasser Tabbaa explores with exemplary lucidity the geometric techniques that facilitated this transformation, and investigates the cultural processes by which meaning was produced within the new forms. Iran, Iraq, and Syria saw the development of proportional calligraphy, vegetal and geometric arabesque, muqarnas (stalactite) vaulting, and other devices that became defining features of medieval Islamic architecture. Ultimately, the forms and themes described in this book shaped the development of Mamluk architecture in Egypt and Syria, and by extension, the entire course of North African and Andalusian architecture as well. These innovations developed and were disseminated in a highly charged atmosphere of confrontation between the Seljuk and post-Seljuk proponents of the traditionalist Sunni revival and their main opponents in Fatimid Egypt. These forms stood as visual signs of allegiance to the orthodox Abbasid caliphate and of difference from the heterodox Fatimids. Tabbaa proposes that their rapid spread throughout the Islamic world operated within a system of reciprocating, ceremonial gestures, which conveyed a new and formal language that helped negotiate the gap between the myth of a unified Sunni Islam and its actual political fragmentation. In subject matter and approach, The Transformation of Islamic Art during the Sunni Revival makes original contributions to the study of art, revealing that this relatively neglected sector of medieval art and architecture is of critical importance for reevaluating the entire field of Islamic studies. It challenges the essentialist and positivist approaches that still permeate the study of Islamic art, and offers a historical and semiotic alternative for exploring meaning within ruptures of change.
Cultures around the world have recently become more isolated and aggressive in defending their socio-cultural domain. However, throughout history, many civilizations have established extensive and long-term cultural ties with diverse cultural groups. Despite ideological schisms that emerged between civilizations from time to time, our hunger for cultural encounters and coexistence shines through. Cultural Encounters and Tolerance Through Analyses of Social and Artistic Evidences: From History to the Present sheds light on different histories and presents evidence of cultural encounters, coexistence, and acculturation. This publication presents cultural assets as more mobile than ideologies across boundaries as it can be more often seen in the cultural arena. Covering topics such as the effects of colonialism, geometrical forms, and architectural heritage, it serves as an essential resource for architects, art historians, cultural historians, students and professors of higher education, sociologists, anthropologists, researchers, and academicians.