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This classic work on a vitally important and new topic contains over 1200 pages of complete information on chemical interactions as it pertains to environmental and medical concerns. It illustrates principles of interactions so you will have the conceptual basis for predicting responses to complex environmental mixtures-apply it to specific situations-theoretical and practical. To date, environmental standards regulate the effects of a single pollutant. Multiple Chemical Interactions is exhaustive coverage of how the multitude of chemicals in our world interact with human health. This book gives us critically new and complete data on an emerging field that will be of interest to all environmental scientists, environmental and public health professionals, toxicologists, industrial hygienists, regulators and libraries.
This text comprehensively covers sensitivity to low-level chemical exposure. Originally developed from a report commissioned by the New Jersey Department of Health, this work defines and clarifies the nature of chemical sensitivity, shows how it differs from traditional allergies, and suggests how federal and state governments can help those who are affected. A new chapter is included in this version which analyzes the most current information on the Gulf War Syndrome and other emerging environmental health problems.
Turbulent Mixing and Chemical Reactions Jerzy Ba???dyga, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland John R. Bourne, Visiting Professor, University of Birmingham, UK and Emeritus Professor, ETH Zurich, Switzerland The way in which reagents are mixed can greatly influence the yield and range of products formed by fast, multiple chemical reactions. Understanding this phenomenon enables chemists to carry out reactions more selectively, make better use of raw materials and simplify product workup and separation. Turbulent Mixing and Chemical Reactions presents a balanced treatment of the connection between mixing and reaction. It contains theoretical aspects, experimental methods and expected results as well as worked examples to illustrate problem solving. This book will be of interest to all scientists involved in chemical engineering, physical chemistry, and synthetic chemists in the fine chemical and pharmaceuticals industry.
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Chemistry and chemical engineering have changed significantly in the last decade. They have broadened their scopeâ€"into biology, nanotechnology, materials science, computation, and advanced methods of process systems engineering and controlâ€"so much that the programs in most chemistry and chemical engineering departments now barely resemble the classical notion of chemistry. Beyond the Molecular Frontier brings together research, discovery, and invention across the entire spectrum of the chemical sciencesâ€"from fundamental, molecular-level chemistry to large-scale chemical processing technology. This reflects the way the field has evolved, the synergy at universities between research and education in chemistry and chemical engineering, and the way chemists and chemical engineers work together in industry. The astonishing developments in science and engineering during the 20th century have made it possible to dream of new goals that might previously have been considered unthinkable. This book identifies the key opportunities and challenges for the chemical sciences, from basic research to societal needs and from terrorism defense to environmental protection, and it looks at the ways in which chemists and chemical engineers can work together to contribute to an improved future.
Chemistry 2e is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of the two-semester general chemistry course. The textbook provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of chemistry and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and the world around them. The book also includes a number of innovative features, including interactive exercises and real-world applications, designed to enhance student learning. The second edition has been revised to incorporate clearer, more current, and more dynamic explanations, while maintaining the same organization as the first edition. Substantial improvements have been made in the figures, illustrations, and example exercises that support the text narrative. Changes made in Chemistry 2e are described in the preface to help instructors transition to the second edition.
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Placental Toxicology examines placental transfer and toxicology of drugs and environmental agents to placenta, as well as to fetus. For the first time in a single volume, placental and fetal consequences of exposure of pregnant women to drugs, environmental chemicals, and infections, such as HIV, are discussed. Topics include: The art of in
In the early 1980s, two water-supply systems on the Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune in North Carolina were found to be contaminated with the industrial solvents trichloroethylene (TCE) and perchloroethylene (PCE). The water systems were supplied by the Tarawa Terrace and Hadnot Point watertreatment plants, which served enlisted-family housing, barracks for unmarried service personnel, base administrative offices, schools, and recreational areas. The Hadnot Point water system also served the base hospital and an industrial area and supplied water to housing on the Holcomb Boulevard water system (full-time until 1972 and periodically thereafter). This book examines what is known about the contamination of the water supplies at Camp Lejeune and whether the contamination can be linked to any adverse health outcomes in former residents and workers at the base.
A great number of diverse microorganisms inhabit the human body and are collectively referred to as the human microbiome. Until recently, the role of the human microbiome in maintaining human health was not fully appreciated. Today, however, research is beginning to elucidate associations between perturbations in the human microbiome and human disease and the factors that might be responsible for the perturbations. Studies have indicated that the human microbiome could be affected by environmental chemicals or could modulate exposure to environmental chemicals. Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk presents a research strategy to improve our understanding of the interactions between environmental chemicals and the human microbiome and the implications of those interactions for human health risk. This report identifies barriers to such research and opportunities for collaboration, highlights key aspects of the human microbiome and its relation to health, describes potential interactions between environmental chemicals and the human microbiome, reviews the risk-assessment framework and reasons for incorporating chemicalâ€"microbiome interactions.