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Hot air engines, often called Stirling engines, are among the most interesting and intriguing engines ever to be designed. They run on just about any fuel, from salad oil and hydrogen to solar and geothermal energy. They produce a rotary motion that can be used to power anything, from boats and buggies to fridges and fans. This book demonstrates how to design, build, and optimise Stirling engines. A broad selection of Roy’s engines is described, giving a valuable insight into the many different types and a great deal of information relating to the home manufacture of these engines is included in the workshop section.
Some 200 years after the original invention, internal design of a Stirling engine has come to be considered a specialist task, calling for extensive experience and for access to sophisticated computer modelling. The low parts-count of the type is negated by the complexity of the gas processes by which heat is converted to work. Design is perceived as problematic largely because those interactions are neither intuitively evident, nor capable of being made visible by laboratory experiment. There can be little doubt that the situation stands in the way of wider application of this elegant concept. Stirling Cycle Engines re-visits the design challenge, doing so in three stages. Firstly, unrealistic expectations are dispelled: chasing the Carnot efficiency is a guarantee of disappointment, since the Stirling engine has no such pretentions. Secondly, no matter how complex the gas processes, they embody a degree of intrinsic similarity from engine to engine. Suitably exploited, this means that a single computation serves for an infinite number of design conditions. Thirdly, guidelines resulting from the new approach are condensed to high-resolution design charts – nomograms. Appropriately designed, the Stirling engine promises high thermal efficiency, quiet operation and the ability to operate from a wide range of heat sources. Stirling Cycle Engines offers tools for expediting feasibility studies and for easing the task of designing for a novel application. Key features: Expectations are re-set to realistic goals. The formulation throughout highlights what the thermodynamic processes of different engines have in common rather than what distinguishes them. Design by scaling is extended, corroborated, reduced to the use of charts and fully Illustrated. Results of extensive computer modelling are condensed down to high-resolution Nomograms. Worked examples feature throughout. Prime movers (and coolers) operating on the Stirling cycle are of increasing interest to industry, the military (stealth submarines) and space agencies. Stirling Cycle Engines fills a gap in the technical literature and is a comprehensive manual for researchers and practitioners. In particular, it will support effort world-wide to exploit potential for such applications as small-scale CHP (combined heat and power), solar energy conversion and utilization of low-grade heat.
For Stirling engines to enjoy widespread application and acceptance, not only must the fundamental operation of such engines be widely understood, but the requisite analytic tools for the stimulation, design, evaluation and optimization of Stirling engine hardware must be readily available. The purpose of this design manual is to provide an introduction to Stirling cycle heat engines, to organize and identify the available Stirling engine literature, and to identify, organize, evaluate and, in so far as possible, compare non-proprietary Stirling engine design methodologies. This report was originally prepared for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the U. S. Department of Energy.
My history with stirling engines. -- A brief history of stirling engines. -- The stirling engine explained. -- What makes a good striling engine? -- Working with aluminum. -- Working with acrylic. -- Thermoforming vinyl. -- Tools needed for these projects. -- Engine #1 - the reciprocating stirling engine. -- Engine #2 - horizontal flywheel magnetic drive stirling engine. -- Engine #3 - vertical flywheel magnetic drive stirling engine. -- Appendices.
This book gathers selected papers from Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Applications (A2IA’2020), the first installment of an annual international conference organized by ENSAM-Meknes at Moulay Ismail University, Morocco. The 29 papers presented here were carefully reviewed and selected from 141 submissions by an international scientific committee. They address various aspects of artificial intelligence such as digital twin, multiagent systems, deep learning, image processing and analysis, control, prediction, modeling, optimization and design, as well as AI applications in industry, health, energy, agriculture, and education. The book is intended for AI experts, offering them a valuable overview and global outlook for the future, and highlights a wealth of innovative ideas and recent, important advances in AI applications, both of a foundational and practical nature. It will also appeal to non-experts who are curious about this timely and important subject.
The Regenerator and the Stirling Engine examines the basic scientific and engineering principles of the Regenerator and the Stirling engine. Drawing upon his own research and collaboration with engine developers, Allan J Organ offers solutions to many of the problems which have prevented these engines operating at the levels of efficiency of which they are theoretically capable. The Regenerator and the Stirling Engine offers practising engineers and designers specific guidelines for building in optimum thermodynamic performance at the design stage. COMPLETE CONTENTS: Bridging the gap The Stirling cycle Heat transfer – and the price Similarity and scaling; Energetic similarity In support of similarity Hausen revised Connectivity and thermal shorting Real particle trajectories – natural co-ordinates The Stirling regenerator The Ritz rotary regenerator Compressibility effects Regenerator flow impedance Complex admittance – experimental corroboration Steady-flow Cf–Nre correlations inferred from linear-wave analysis Optimization Part I: without the computer Optimization Part II: cyclic steady state Elements of combustion Design study Hobbyhorse Origins Appendices