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For Stirling engines to enjoy widespread application and acceptance, not only must the fundamental operation of such engines be widely understood, but the requisite analytic tools for the stimulation, design, evaluation and optimization of Stirling engine hardware must be readily available. The purpose of this design manual is to provide an introduction to Stirling cycle heat engines, to organize and identify the available Stirling engine literature, and to identify, organize, evaluate and, in so far as possible, compare non-proprietary Stirling engine design methodologies. This report was originally prepared for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the U. S. Department of Energy.
Modelling, Assessment, and Optimization of Energy Systems provides comprehensive methodologies for the thermal modelling of energy systems based on thermodynamic, exergoeconomic and exergoenviromental approaches. It provides advanced analytical approaches, assessment criteria and the methodologies to obtain analytical expressions from the experimental data. The concept of single-objective and multi-objective optimization with application to energy systems is provided, along with decision-making tools for multi-objective problems, multi-criteria problems, for simplifying the optimization of large energy systems, and for exergoeconomic improvement integrated with a simulator EIS method. This book provides a comprehensive methodology for modeling, assessment, improvement of any energy system with guidance, and practical examples that provide detailed insights for energy engineering, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering and researchers in the field of analysis and optimization of energy systems. - Offers comprehensive analytical tools for the modeling and simulation of energy systems with applications for decision-making tools - Provides methodologies to obtain analytical models of energy systems for experimental data - Covers decision-making tools in multi-objective problems
Some 200 years after the original invention, internal design of a Stirling engine has come to be considered a specialist task, calling for extensive experience and for access to sophisticated computer modelling. The low parts-count of the type is negated by the complexity of the gas processes by which heat is converted to work. Design is perceived as problematic largely because those interactions are neither intuitively evident, nor capable of being made visible by laboratory experiment. There can be little doubt that the situation stands in the way of wider application of this elegant concept. Stirling Cycle Engines re-visits the design challenge, doing so in three stages. Firstly, unrealistic expectations are dispelled: chasing the Carnot efficiency is a guarantee of disappointment, since the Stirling engine has no such pretentions. Secondly, no matter how complex the gas processes, they embody a degree of intrinsic similarity from engine to engine. Suitably exploited, this means that a single computation serves for an infinite number of design conditions. Thirdly, guidelines resulting from the new approach are condensed to high-resolution design charts – nomograms. Appropriately designed, the Stirling engine promises high thermal efficiency, quiet operation and the ability to operate from a wide range of heat sources. Stirling Cycle Engines offers tools for expediting feasibility studies and for easing the task of designing for a novel application. Key features: Expectations are re-set to realistic goals. The formulation throughout highlights what the thermodynamic processes of different engines have in common rather than what distinguishes them. Design by scaling is extended, corroborated, reduced to the use of charts and fully Illustrated. Results of extensive computer modelling are condensed down to high-resolution Nomograms. Worked examples feature throughout. Prime movers (and coolers) operating on the Stirling cycle are of increasing interest to industry, the military (stealth submarines) and space agencies. Stirling Cycle Engines fills a gap in the technical literature and is a comprehensive manual for researchers and practitioners. In particular, it will support effort world-wide to exploit potential for such applications as small-scale CHP (combined heat and power), solar energy conversion and utilization of low-grade heat.
"Everyone needs power. Merrick Lockwood wants to use stirling engines to make that power. This book tells how Mr. Lockwood and his team, spent several years developing a simple, low tech, 5-HP Stirling engine in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It's the story of what worked then and what didn't along with Mr. lockwood's advice on which approaches would work well today. Lockwood's team built a Stirling engine that could burn agricultural garbage (in this case rice husks), however different burners could be designed today to burn previously wasted fuels. Lockwood shows how he used the simple ideas from historic Stirling engines along with his team's innovations to make his engines work. This book is filled with detailed descriptions of Mr. Lookwood's engines along with 34 pages of drawings that have survived. The book includes 184 photographs that show the tools, and methods of fabrication that Lookwood used."--Publisher's description.
This book is about the Stirling engine and its development from the heavy cast-iron machine of the nineteenth century into the efficient high-speed engine of today. It is not a handbook: it does not tell the reader how to build a Stirling engine. It is rather the history of a research effort spanning nearly fifty years, together with an outline of principles, some technical details and descriptions of the more important engines. No one will dispute the position of Philips as the pioneer of the modern Stirling engine. Hence the title of the book, hence also the contents, which are confined largely to the Philips work on the subject. Valuable work has been done elsewhere but this is discussed only marginally in order to keep the book within a reasonable size. The book is addressed to a wide audience on an academic level. The first two chapters can be read by the technically interested layman but after that some engineering background and elementary mathematics are generally necessary.Heat engines are traditionally the engineer's route to thermodynamics: in this context, the Stirling engine, which is the simplest of all heat engines, is more suited as a practical example than either the steam engine or the internal-combustion engine. The book is also addressed to historians of technology, from the viewpoint of the twentieth century revival of the Stirling engine as well as its nineteenth century origins.