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Calculation is the main function of a computer. The central unit is responsible for executing the programs. The microprocessor is its integrated form. This component, since the announcement of its marketing in 1971, has not stopped breaking records in terms of computing power, price reduction and integration of functions (calculation of basic functions, storage with integrated controllers). It is present today in most electronic devices. Knowing its internal mechanisms and programming is essential for the electronics engineer and computer scientist to understand and master the operation of a computer and advanced concepts of programming. This first volume focuses more particularly on the first generations of microprocessors, that is to say those that handle integers in 4 and 8-bit formats. The first chapter presents the calculation function and reminds the memory function. The following is devoted to notions of calculation model and architecture. The concept of bus is then presented. Chapters 4 and 5 can then address the internal organization and operation of the microprocessor first in hardware and then software. The mechanism of the function call, conventional and interrupted, is more particularly detailed in a separate chapter. The book ends with a presentation of architectures of the first microcomputers for a historical perspective. The knowledge is presented in the most exhaustive way possible with examples drawn from current and old technologies that illustrate and make accessible the theoretical concepts. Each chapter ends if necessary with corrected exercises and a bibliography. The list of acronyms used and an index are at the end of the book.
Z-80 interfacing; NEZ80 breadboarding station; Synchronization pulse generation: adress and device pulses; Buses, three-state buffers, and Z-80 I/O; Nanocomputer hardware and system software; Interrupt processing; Z-80 parallel; TTl integrated circuit tester; Z-80 counter-timer circuit.
All India State PSC AE/PSU Electronics & Communication Engineering Vol.-2 Chapter-wise Solved Papers
Recent advances in LSI technology and the consequent availability of inexpensive but powerful microprocessors have already affected the process control industry in a significant manner. Microprocessors are being increasingly utilized for improving the performance of control systems and making them more sophisticated as well as reliable. Many concepts of adaptive and learning control theory which were considered impractical only 20 years ago are now being implemented. With these developments there has been a steady growth in hardware and software tools to support the microprocessor in its complex tasks. With the current trend of using several microprocessors for performing the complex tasks in a modern control system, a great deal of emphasis is being given to the topic of the transfer and sharing of information between them. Thus the subject of local area networking in the industrial environment has become assumed great importance. The object of this book is to present both hardware and software concepts that are important in the development of microprocessor-based control systems. An attempt has been made to obtain a balance between theory and practice, with emphasis on practical applications. It should be useful for both practicing engineers and students who are interested in learning the practical details of the implementation of microprocessor-based control systems. As some of the related material has been published in the earlier volumes of this series, duplication has been avoided as far as possible.
The book is written for an undergraduate course on the 8085 microprocessor. It provides comprehensive coverage of the hardware and software aspects of the 8085 microprocessor, and it introduces advanced processors from Intel family. The book teaches you the 8085 architecture, instruction set, machine cycles and timing diagrams, Assembly Language Programming (ALP), interrupts, interfacing 8085 with support chips, memory, and peripheral ICs - 8251, 8253, 8255, 8259, and 8237. It also explains the interfacing of 8085 with keyboard, display, data converters - ADC and DAC and introduces a temperature control system, stepper motor control system, and data acquisition system design. The book also explains the architecture, programming model, memory segmentation, addressing modes, pin description of Intel 8086 microprocessor, and features of Intel 80186, 80286, 80386, and 80486 processors.
This comprehensive text provides an easily accessible introduction to the principles and applications of microprocessors. It explains the fundamentals of architecture, assembly language programming, interfacing, and applications of Intel’s 8086/8088 micro-processors, 8087 math coprocessors, and 8255, 8253, 8251, 8259, 8279 and 8237 peripherals. Besides, the book also covers Intel’s 80186/80286, 80386/80486, and the Pentium family micro-processors. The book throughout maintains an appropriate balance between the basic concepts and the skill sets needed for system design. A large number of solved examples on assembly language programming and interfacing are provided to help the students gain an insight into the topics discussed. The book is eminently suitable for undergraduate students of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Electronics and Communication Engineering, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Computer Science and Engineering, and Information Technology.