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Metallic Glass-Based Nanocomposites: Molecular Dynamics Study of Properties provides readers with an overview of the most commonly used tools for MD simulation of metallic glass composites and provides all the basic steps necessary for simulating any material on Materials Studio. After reading this book, readers will be able to model their own problems on this tool for predicting the properties of metallic glass composites. This book provides an introduction to metallic glasses with definitions and classifications, provides detailed explanations of various types of composites, reinforcements and matrices, and explores the basic mechanisms of reinforcement-MG interaction during mechanical loading. It explains various models for calculating the thermal conductivity of metallic glass composites and provides examples of molecular dynamics simulations. Aimed at students and researchers, this book caters to the needs of those working in the field of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of metallic glass composites.
Metallic glasses and amorphous materials have attracted much more attention in the last two decades. A noncrystalline solid produced by continuous cooling from the liquid state is known as a glass. From the other point of view, a noncrystalline material, obtained by any other process, for example, vapor deposition or solid-state processing methods such as mechanical alloying, but not directly from the liquid state, is referred to as an amorphous material. At this moment, bulk metallic glasses (BMG) are appearing as a new class of metallic materials with unique physical and mechanical properties for structural and functional usage. Extreme values of strength, fracture toughness, magnetic properties, corrosion resistance, and other properties have been registered in BMG materials.
Metallic glasses and their crystal/glass composites find ever more applications in such fields as mini transformers, microelectromechanical devices, pressure sensors, precision surgical instruments, biological implants and sportive goods (springs, diaphragms, membranes, knife blades, electromagnetic wave shields, optical mirrors, power inductors, Coriolis flow meters, etc.). The book reviews recent research and suggests future developments, e.g. in the area of dual-phase composite/hybrid materials. Keywords: Metallic Glasses, Crystal/Glass Composites, Dual-phase Composite/Hybrid Materials, Supercooled Liquid, Devitrification, Magnetic Materials, Microelectromechanical Devices, Pressure Sensors, Orthopedic Screws, Precision Instruments, Biological Implants, Electromagnetic Wave Shields, Optical Mirrors, Power Inductors, Coriolis Flow Meters.
Hydrogen is one of the abundant elements on earth majorly in the form of water (H2O) and mainly as hydrogen gas (H2). Catalytic hydrogenation is a key reaction that has versatile applications in different industries. The main objective of this book is to bring together various applications of hydrogenation through the perspective of leading researchers in the field. This book is intended to be used as a graduate-level text book or as a practical guide for industrial engineers.
Reflecting the fast pace of research in the field, the Second Edition of Bulk Metallic Glasses has been thoroughly updated and remains essential reading on the subject. It incorporates major advances in glass forming ability, corrosion behavior, and mechanical properties. Several of the newly proposed criteria to predict the glass-forming ability of alloys have been discussed. All other areas covered in this book have been updated, with special emphasis on topics where significant advances have occurred. These include processing of hierarchical surface structures and synthesis of nanophase composites using the chemical behavior of bulk metallic glasses and the development of novel bulk metallic glasses with high-strength and high-ductility and superelastic behavior. New topics such as high-entropy bulk metallic glasses, nanoporous alloys, novel nanocrystalline alloys, and soft magnetic glassy alloys with high saturation magnetization have also been discussed. Novel applications, such as metallic glassy screw bolts, surface coatings, hyperthermia glasses, ultra-thin mirrors and pressure sensors, mobile phone casing, and degradable biomedical materials, are described. Authored by the world’s foremost experts on bulk metallic glasses, this new edition endures as an indispensable reference and continues to be a one-stop resource on all aspects of bulk metallic glasses.
This book describes a series of research topics investigated during the 6 years from 2010 through 2015 in the project "Advanced Materials Development and Integration of Novel Structured Metallic and Inorganic Materials". Every section of the book is aimed at understanding the most advanced research by describing details starting with the fundamentals as often as possible. Because both fundamental and cutting-edge topics are contained in this book, it provides a great deal of useful information for chemists as well as for materials scientists and engineers who wish to consider future prospects and innovations. The contents of Novel Structured Metallic and Inorganic Materials are unique in materials science and technology. The project was carried out through the cooperation of research groups in the following six institutes in Japan: the Institute for Materials Research (IMR), Tohoku University; the Materials and Structures Laboratory (MSL), Tokyo Institute of Technology; the Joining and Welding Research Institute (JWRI), Osaka University; the Eco-Topia Science Institute (EST), Nagoya University; the Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering (IBB), Tokyo Medical and Dental University; and the Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INN), Waseda University. Major objectives of the project included creation of advanced metallic and inorganic materials with a novel structure, as well as development of materials-joining technologies for development of cutting-edge applications as environmental and energy materials, biomedical materials, and electronic materials for contributing to the creation of a safer and more secure society.
Nanocrystalline materials exhibit remarkable structural, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, which can be exploited in a wide variety of structural and nonstructural applications. Potential uses have been identified in the automotive, electronic, aerospace, clothing, chemical, fuel, and lubrication industries, with applications ranging from flat panel displays to medical implants. Bringing together contributions from leading researchers in academia and industry throughout Europe and Japan, Novel Nanocrystalline Alloys and Magnetic Nanomaterials presents a valuable overview of this fast moving field. Divided into three sections, the book first describes the fabrication and structural characterization of nanocrystalline and amorphous alloys, such as aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, and zirconium. The second part examines novel nanocrystalline materials that include nano-optoelectronics, steels manufactured by heavy plastic deformation, and metal-ceramic and ceramic-ceramic nanocomposites. The final section reviews the current understanding of magnetic nanomaterials, including nanograined materials, Ni and Fe nanocrystals, soft magnetic Fe-M-B nanocrystalline alloys, and soft and hard ferromagnetic nanocrystalline alloys. It also explores the industrial applications of these nanomaterials, focusing on their use in the energy and telecommunications fields. Combining key coverage of topical developments with well-informed indications of potential trends, this book lays the groundwork for future advances in nanocrystalline alloys and magnetic nanomaterials.
The formation of metallic glasses and dual-phase composite/hybrid materials is reviewed, as well as the glass transition process and the resulting structural phenomena. These materials exhibit high strength, extreme hardness, good wear resistance and large elastic deformation. Due to their excellent structural, functional, magnetic, chemical and biological properties metallic glasses are suitable for a great many applications, including in such areas as microelectromechanical devices, pressure sensors, orthopaedic screws and precision surgical instruments. Metallic Glasses, Metallic Glass Composites, Crystal/Glass Transition, Nano-Crystallization, Phase Separations, Supercooled Liquids, Glassy Nanocomposites, Nanoscale Quasicrystals, Mechanical Properties, Nanoscale Wear Resistance, Bauschinger Effect, Cryogenic Temperature, Porous Glasses, Nanocomposite Alloys, Soft Magnetic Alloys, Hard Magnetic Alloys, Magnetocaloric Effect, Corrosion Resistant Alloys, Surface Oxides, Catalysts
In the modern world of ever smaller devices and nanotechnology, electron crystallography emerges as the most important method capable of determining the structure of minute objects down to the size of individual atoms. Crystals of only a few millionths of a millimetre are studied. This is the first textbook explaining how this is done. Great attention is given to symmetry in crystals and how it manifests itself in electron microscopy and electron diffraction, and how this symmetry can be determined and taken advantage of in achieving improved electron microscopy images and solving crystal structures from electron diffraction patterns. Theory and practice are combined; experimental images, diffraction patterns, formulae and numerical data are discussed in parallel, giving the reader a complete understanding of what goes on inside the "black boxes" of computer programs. This up-to-date textbook contains the newest techniques in electron crystallography, including detailed descriptions and explanations of the recent remarkable successes in determining the very complex structures of zeolites and intermetallics. The controversial issue of whether there is phase information present in electron micrsocopy images or not is also resolved once and for all. The extensive appendices include computer labs which have been used at various courses at Stockholm University and international schools in electron crystallography, with applications to the textbook. Students can download image processing programs and follow these lab instructions to get a hands-on experience of electron crystallography.