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Theoretical reflections on memory and prediction, linking these concepts to the role of the cerebellum in higher cognition. What is memory? What is memory for? Where is memory in the brain? Although memory is probably the most studied function in cognition, these fundamental questions remain challenging. We can try to answer the question of memory's purpose by defining the function of memory as remembering the past. And yet this definition is not consistent with the many errors that characterize our memory, or with the phylogenetic and ontogenetic origin of memory. In this book, Tomaso Vecchi and Daniele Gatti argue that the purpose of memory is not to remember the past but to predict the future. Vecchi and Gatti link memory and prediction to the role of the cerebellum in higher cognition, relying on recent empirical data to support theoretical reflections. They propose a new model of memory functions that comprises a system devoted to prediction, based in the cerebellum and mediated by the hippocampus, and a parallel system with a major role for cortical structures and mediated by the amygdala. Although memory is often conceived as a kind of storehouse, this storehouse is constantly changing, integrating new information in a continual process of modification. In order to explain these characteristics, Vecchi and Gatti argue, we must change our interpretation of the nature and functions of the memory system.
Of our mental lives. Readership: Professional/ Scholarly
Theoretical reflections and analytical observations on memory and prediction, linking these concepts to the role of the cerebellum in higher cognition. What is memory? What is memory for? Where is memory in the brain? Although memory is probably the most studied function in cognition, these fundamental questions remain challenging. We can try to answer the question of memory's purpose by defining the function of memory as remembering the past. And yet this definition is not consistent with the many errors that characterize our memory, or with the phylogenetic and ontogenetic origin of memory. In this book, Tomaso Vecchi and Daniele Gatti argue that the purpose of memory is not to remember the past but to predict the future.
"An argument to view memory as predicting the future, rather than merely archiving the past. Based on experimental evidence from psychology and neuroscience"--
The ability to remember prior experience is a core aspect of cognition. Memory can be comprised of information about individual items or contexts, but information about the temporal relationships between entities in the environment can provide not only a record of what happened in the past but also facilitate predictions about what might happen in the future. To address how temporal relationships are learned and used to facilitate predictions, the current work includes three investigations, two experiments using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and one experiment using behavior. The reported fMRI experiments tested neural predictions from a recent model positing the existence of dissociable posterior-medial (PM) and anterior-temporal (AT) cortical networks that are thought to represent spatio-temporal relationships and item information, respectively, in the service of memory-guided behavior (Ranganath and Ritchey, 2012). In Chapter 2, representational similarity analysis was used to test for evidence of PM network involvement in supporting representations of shared temporal structure across event sequences. In Chapter 3, computational model-based fMRI was employed to assess evidence for the involvement of the AT network in representing the shared meaning of objects in a task where shared meaning could be discerned by learning to predict outcomes associated with sequentially presented pairs of object cues. In Chapter 4, we tested for behavioral evidence of increased flexibility of predictions about temporally associated stimuli following a period of memory trace stabilization. Together, the results across these investigations extend our understanding of the neural and behavioral correlates of learning and using temporal information to guide expectations and predictions about upcoming information.
In this volume, leading researchers bring together current work on time perception and time-based prospective memory in order to understand how people time their intentions. This is the first account of many important topics concerning the timing of behavior, offered by scientists of diverse fields who in the past have exhibited an attitude of mutual 'benign neglect'. An explication of the rules which govern timing the future are of fundamental interest to anyone who wishes to explore the potential of human experience.Prospective memory -- especially time-based -- is a relatively unexplored way to study memory and few studies have been devoted to its neurobiological foundations. This volume aims to fill this void and will boost further interest in the field, while stimulating interdisciplinary research.
An accessible and engaging account of the mind and its connection to the brain. The mind encompasses everything we experience, and these experiences are created by the brain--often without our awareness. Experience is private; we can't know the minds of others. But we also don't know what is happening in our own minds. In this book, E. Bruce Goldstein offers an accessible and engaging account of the mind and its connection to the brain. He takes as his starting point two central questions--what is the mind? and what is consciousness?--and leads readers through topics that range from conceptions of the mind in popular culture to the wiring system of the brain. Throughout, he draws on the latest research, explaining its significance and relevance.