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Matrix analysis of structures is a vital subject to every structural analyst, whether working in aero-astro, civil, or mechanical engineering. It provides a comprehensive approach to the analysis of a wide variety of structural types, and therefore offers a major advantage over traditional metho~ which often differ for each type of structure. The matrix approach also provides an efficient means of describing various steps in the analysis and is easily programmed for digital computers. Use of matrices is natural when performing calculations with a digital computer, because matrices permit large groups of numbers to be manipulated in a simple and effective manner. This book, now in its third edition, was written for both college students and engineers in industry. It serves as a textbook for courses at either the senior or first-year graduate level, and it also provides a permanent reference for practicing engineers. The book explains both the theory and the practical implementation of matrix methods of structural analysis. Emphasis is placed on developing a physical understanding of the theory and the ability to use computer programs for performing structural calculations.
This book deals with matrix methods of structural analysis for linearly elastic framed structures. It starts with background of matrix analysis of structures followed by procedure to develop force-displacement relation for a given structure using flexibility and stiffness coefficients. The remaining text deals with the analysis of framed structures using flexibility, stiffness and direct stiffness methods. Simple programs using MATLAB for the analysis of structures are included in the appendix. Key Features Explores matrix methods of structural analysis for linearly elastic framed structures Introduces key concepts in the development of stiffness and flexibility matrices Discusses concepts like action and redundant coordinates (in flexibility method) and active and restrained coordinates (in stiffness method) Helps reader understand the background behind the structural analysis programs Contains solved examples and MATLAB codes
Divided into 12 chapters, Matrix Methods for Advanced Structural Analysis begins with an introduction to the analysis of structures (fundamental concepts and basic steps of structural analysis, primary structural members and their modeling, brief historical overview of methods of static analysis, programming principles, and suggestions for the rational use of computer programs). This is followed by the principal steps of the Direct Stiffness Method including plane trusses, plane framed structures, space trusses, and space framed structures. The case of plane or space framed structure, including possible rigid elements at their beam ends (rigid joints) is discussed in detail. Other topics discussed in this reference include the procedure for analyzing beams with internal releases (partial connection of beam elements) and elastic hinges, as well as the alternative handling of internal releases by modifying the element stiffness matrix. Furthermore, the Method of Substructures is demonstrated for the solution of large-scale models in terms of the associated number of degrees of freedom. - The principal steps of the Direct Stiffness Method are presented for plane and space trusses, as well as plane and space framed structures - The handling of beams with internal releases and elastic hinges - The method of substructures for large-scale structures - A computer code (basic steps and source files) based on MATLAB® software for the analysis of beam-like structures
Entire book and illustrative examples have been edited extensively, and several chapters repositioned. * Imperial units are used instead of SI units in many of the examples and problems, particularly those of a nonlinear nature that have strong implications for design, since the SI system has not been fully assimilated in practice.
This companion to the previously published book [BO]Classical Structural Analysis[BX], also by the same author, focuses on advanced structural analysis using matrix methods for the element method of design calculations. With this method, the structural properties of each structural member (or element) taken together, of an entire structure, are used to calculate load behaviour and construction needs of a whole building or other structure. The matrix method is particularly suited to computer methods that must employ thousands of reiterate calculations. The book contains dozens of worked-out problems and design exercises, as well as an actual computer program at the end of the book for matrix method calculations.
The book describes in great detail the Matrix Methods of Structural Analysis used extensively for the analysis of skeletal or framed structures. The book gives complete coverage to the subject starting from the basics. It is organized in four parts: • Part 1 contains basic knowledge required to understand the subject i.e. Matrix operations, Methods for solving equations and concepts of flexibility matrix and stiffness matrix methods. • Part 2 deals with the applications of stiffness and flexibility matrix methods using system approach. By taking simple examples, the steps involved in both the methods are discussed and it is concluded why stiffness matrix method is more suitable for analysis of skeletal structures. • Part 3 covers the Stiffness matrix (displacement) method with member approach (direct Stiffness method) which is extensively used in the analysis of framed structures. It gives the details of the method, the steps involved in the method and its application to plane truss, space truss, beams, plane and space frames and grids. • Part 4 includes a unified computer program written in FORTRAN/C for the analysis of framed structure. The development of computer program, explanation of various subroutines, input output formats with examples is given in this section. An accompanying CD with the book contains source code, explanation of INPUT/OUTPUT and test examples. Though, the concepts have been presented in quite general form so that the book serves as a learning aid for students with different educational backgrounds as well as the practicing engineers, the primary objective is to present the subject matter in a simple manner so that the book can serve as a basic learning tool for undergraduate and postgraduate students of civil engineering.
This revised and significantly expanded edition contains a rigorous examination of key concepts, new chapters and discussions within existing chapters, and added reference materials in the appendix, while retaining its classroom-tested approach to helping readers navigate through the deep ideas, vast collection of the fundamental methods of structural analysis. The authors show how to undertake the numerous analytical methods used in structural analysis by focusing on the principal concepts, detailed procedures and results, as well as taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of each method and sphere of their effective application. The end result is a guide to mastering the many intricacies of the range of methods of structural analysis. The book differentiates itself by focusing on extended analysis of beams, plane and spatial trusses, frames, arches, cables and combined structures; extensive application of influence lines for analysis of structures; simple and effective procedures for computation of deflections; introduction to plastic analysis, stability, and free and forced vibration analysis, as well as some special topics. Ten years ago, Professor Igor A. Karnovsky and Olga Lebed crafted a must-read book. Now fully updated, expanded, and titled Advanced Methods of Structural Analysis (Strength, Stability, Vibration), the book is ideal for instructors, civil and structural engineers, as well as researches and graduate and post graduate students with an interest in perfecting structural analysis.
7. 2 Element Stiffness Matrix of a Space Truss Local Coordinates 221 7. 3 Transformation of the Element Stiffness Matrix 223 7. 4 Element Axial Force 224 7. 5 Assemblage ofthe System Stiffness Matrix 225 7. 6 Problems 236 8 STATIC CONDENSATION AND SUBSTRUCTURING 8. 1 Introduction 239 8. 2 Static Condensation 239 8. 3 Substructuring 244 8. 4 Problems 259 9 INTRODUCTION TO FINITE ELEMENT MEmOD 9. 1 Introduction 261 9. 2 Plane Elasticity Problems 262 9. 3 Plate Bending 285 9. 4 Rectangular Finite Element for Plate Bending 285 9. 5 Problems 298 APPENDIX I Equivalent Nodal Forces 301 APPENDIXll Displacement Functions for Fixed-End Beams 305 GLOSSARY 309 SELECTED BmLIOGRAPHY 317 INDEX 319 ix Preface This is the first volume of a series of integrated textbooks for the analysis and design of structures. The series is projected to include a first volume in Matrix Structural Analysis to be followed by volumes in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering as well as other volumes dealing with specialized or advanced topics in the analysis and design of structures. An important objective in the preparation of these volumes is to integrate and unify the presentation using common notation, symbols and general format. Furthermore, all of these volumes will be using the same structural computer program, SAP2000, developed and maintained by Computers and Structures, Inc. , Berkeley, California.
Matrix Methods of Structural Analysis, 2nd Edition deals with the use of matrix methods as standard tools for solving most non-trivial problems of structural analysis. Emphasis is on skeletal structures and the use of a more general finite element approach. The methods covered have natural links with techniques for automatic redundant selection in elastic analysis. This book is comprised of 11 chapters and begins with an introduction to the concepts and notation of matrix algebra, along with the value of a systematic approach; structure as an assembly of elements; boundaries and nodes; linearity and superposition; and how analytical methods are built up. The discussion then turns to the variables which form the basis of much of structural analysis, as well as the most important relationships between them. Subsequent chapters focus on the elastic properties of single elements; the equilibrium or displacement method; the equilibrium equations of a complete structure; plastic analysis and design; transfer matrices; and the analysis of non-linear structures. The compatibility or force method is also described. The final chapter considers the limits imposed by the size and accuracy of the computer used in structural analysis and how they can be extended. This monograph will be of interest to structural engineers and students of engineering.
This comprehensive volume is unique in presenting the typically decoupled fields of Matrix Structural Analysis (MSA) and Finite Element Methods (FEM) in a cohesive framework. MSA is used not only to derive formulations for truss, beam, and frame elements, but also to develop the overarching framework of matrix analysis. FEM builds on this foundation with numerical approximation techniques for solving boundary value problems in steady-state heat and linear elasticity. Focused on coding, the text guides the reader from first principles to explicit algorithms. This intensive, code-centric approach actively prepares the student or practitioner to critically assess the performance of commercial analysis packages and explore advanced literature on the subject.