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The book offers an in-depth analysis of several important theories of social class and stratification, both past and present. This critique is underpinned by a single, coherent analytic framework organised around the notion of ownership. This original approach allows the book to offer alternative treatments of the issues dealt with by the thinkers discussed here. The central argument here is that there are only two classical theories of social class, namely those developed by Marx and Weber, and this clear systematisation of the main attributes of approaches to class and stratification makes it possible to see that many theories traditionally considered as class ones refer, in fact, to social stratification.
In this major revision of his earlier Sociology Revisited, Murray Knuttila examines the trends and theories in the discipline of sociology. Although each of these perspectives--structural functionalist, Marxist and neo-Marxist, symbolic interactionist--offers insights into understanding the human condition and society, none can provide satisfactory answers to all the questions that sociologists pose. Knuttila proposes an alternative approach--adapted from the work of British sociologist Anthony Giddens and infused with the philosophy of the American sociologist C.W. Mills-- that begins by examining the structure or organization of biological reproduction and material production within a society. As he notes, "most of the important new directions in sociological thinking and analysis during the past two decades have been stimulated and influenced by feminism", and recnet feminist studies on work and the family are of great significance to sociology today. Consequently, this new approach to social analysis draws on feminist theory and on materialist analysis. Introducing Sociology: A Critical Perspective introduces students to the basic principles of the sociological perspective and to the basic concepts and language of sociology, as well as to "the promise" of the sociological imagination as laid out by C.W. Mills. Knuttila writes: "to understand ourselves, we must be capable of answering questions that draw our attention to the impact of the social environment on ourselves and others." To illustrate the nature of social analysis, Knuttila focuses on the issues of social inequality, political power, deviance, and familial relations.
Crisis and Change Today provides a solid introduction to Marxist social theory. The work's unique voice is expressed in its Socratic-dialogic approach, structured around forty questions that students have about society and social change. Topics range from theories of history, economics, unemployment, racial oppression, the state, fascism, the collapse of the Soviet bloc, and points of convergence and difference between the dialectical approach and other approaches to social science. The content and tone of the work invites students to evaluate various traditional and current explanations of social institutions and social processes and encourages them to weigh the debates and investigate further. The first edition was very well received (Distinguished Scholarship Award of the Section on Marxist Sociology of the ASA), and the second edition has been thoroughly revised and updated to be relevant for students today. Though the first edition was written during the wake of the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the Soviet Union, the growing gap between the rich and the poor and the economic crisis have generated more interest in using Marxist analysis both as a tool to analyze and understand capitalism and the weaknesses of past Marxist praxis.
The crucial importance of Karl Marx’s thought for his own time and for ours is beyond dispute, but the there have always been two considerable impediments to understanding: first, the supposed complexity with which Marx articulated his ideas; second, the accretions which commentators, disciples, and hagiographers have built into the original structure. Henri Lefebrve, who has held the chair in sociology at Strasbourg and since 1965 in Paris, has written an interpretative introduction which restores the clarity of outline and the vigor of the original. Lefebrvre also demonstrates by ample quotation that Marx, far from being the tortuous and intractable stylist we had imagined, is a masterful and witty writer. But beyond this, the reader is presented with a thesis. Lefebvre argues that Marx was not a sociologist, not an economist, not yet an historian or a philosopher. On the other hand, one can find in his writings a sociology, a political economy, a theory of history, and significant intimations of a philosophy. The explanation of this apparent paradox lies in the fact that Marx was writing in a period prior to the compartmentalizing of science, when the nature of things could still be grasped as a whole. Thus, through Marx, we can obtain a coherent picture of reality as it was at the inception of the modern age. An understanding of Marx is necessary for an understanding of our time. This book is indispensible not only as a guide to Marx, but for its sight into contemporary problems.
Chapter 1 Introduction: U.S. Sociology, the American Dream, and the Specter of Karl Marx Part 2 Part I: Social Structure and Processes Chapter 3 Class Structure: Class, Not Strata: It's Not Just Where You Stand, But What You Stand For Chapter 4 Social Movements: An Argument for Understanding Social Movements as Class Movements Chapter 5 Gender: Marxist Theory and the Oppression of Women Chapter 6 Race: Classical and Recent Theoretical Developments in the Marxist Analysis of Race and Ethnicity Chapter 7 Social Change and Development: "A World After Its Own Image" The Marxist Paradigm and Theories of Capitalist Development on a World Scale Chapter 8 Labor: Labor's Crisis and the Crisis of Labor Studies: Toward a Retheorized Sociology of Labor Chapter 9 State and Politics: From the King of Prussia to the New World Order: Marxist Theories of State and Power Chapter 10 Corporations and the Economy: Marxist Scholarship and the Corporate Economy Chapter 11 Education and Knowledge: Reading Class: Marxist Theories of Education Chapter 12 Medicine and Public Health: The Study of the Health Care System: The Marxist Critique of a Dominant Paradigm Chapter 13 Religion: Marxist-Christian Dialogues: The Liberation of Theology Chapter 14 Crime and Law: Rediscovering Criminology: Lessons from the Marxist Tradition Chapter 15 Urban and Regional Development: Views of the City: Urban and Regional Sociology
Kazimierz Kelles-Krauz was an extraordinary figure on the Polish political scene at the turn of the 20th century. A Marxist and patriot, academic and politician, Kelles-Krauz was most known for his efforts to reconcile the needs of the nation with international socialism. This volume, however, offers a selection of his writings centred on the history of ideas, published for the first time in English. Kelles-Krauz’s works, while Marxist at heart, linked ideas stemming from the concepts of German idealists, French positivists, as well as contemporary sociologists who offered a bridge between research on individuals and the workings of social systems. Kelles-Krauz, however, repeatedly transcended Marxist tenets, focusing on the construction of traditions, social norms, and the social role of art. This edited volume was first published in Polish as Kazimierz Kelles-Krauz: Marksizm a socjologia. Wybór pism by Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego in 2014. This current work has been revised and translated into English.