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La revisión enfatiza que el manejo forestal comunitario toma muchas formas. La población en toda la Amazonía ha dependido por mucho tiempo de los recursos forestales para sus sistemas de cultivo de roza, y la madera y los PFNM ocupan un papel fundamental para los medios de vida de muchas personas. Por lo general, el uso del bosque se ha realizado de manera informal con escasa supervisión o control por parte del Estado. A partir de la década de 1980, las ONG ambientales introdujeron iniciativas de MFC en Perú. Hasta la fecha, la mayoría de los proyectos de MFC se han centrado solo en las comunidades indígenas para apoyar el manejo de la madera, mientras que los estudios científicos se han centrado en el uso del bosque dentro de los sistemas de subsistencia. Teniendo en cuenta que hay aproximadamente 2 millones de habitantes rurales no indígenas en la Amazonía peruana, la huella forestal y los impactos del mercado del manejo forestal realizado por los pequeños propietarios no indígenas sean probablemente mucho mayores de lo que se reconoce. No obstante, se sabe muy poco sobre los sistemas endógenos de los pequeños productores. Más investigacián es necesaria para aumentar nuestro conocimiento sobre la heterogeneidad de estos sistemas y las oportunidades y desafíos que ellos representan.
Introduction: setting the scene; Fruits; Leaves; Seeds, Roots and shoots; Bark and wood; Exudates; Lessons learned: cultural and commercial benefits of forest products.
This review summarizes the published literature, as well as any available information provided by NGOs or project proponents, on the practice of community forest management (CFM) in the Peruvian Amazon. It provides an overview of literature related to land-use and forest management by rural populations in the Peruvian Amazon, placing this information in the broader context of the forestry sector in Peru. The review describes the different manifestations of CFM in Peru and the most widely studied cases of CFM projects. The document also examines some emerging initiatives, summarizes the main challenges for CFM and highlights important areas for future research. One key finding of this review is that there is a general lack of scientific analyses of CFM in Peru: most information is available only via project reports prepared by project proponents and/or donors. The review stresses that community forest management takes many forms. People throughout the Amazon have long relied on forest resources for their shifting cultivation systems, and timber and NTFPs are central to the livelihoods of many. Typically, forest use has occurred informally with little oversight or control by the state. Beginning in the 1980s, environmental NGOs have introduced CFM initiatives in Peru. To date, most CFM projects focus only on indigenous communities to support timber management; by contrast, scientific studies have focused on forest use within subsistence livelihood systems. Given that there are approximately 2 million non-indigenous rural Amazonians in Peru, the forest footprint and market impacts of non-indigenous smallholder forest management are likely to be much greater than recognized. However, very little is known about these endogenous smallholder-led systems. More research is needed to increase our understanding of the heterogeneity of these systems and the opportunities and challenges that they represent.
Adaptive Collaborative Management (ACM) is a transformative problem-solving and management approach to learn and act collectively to systematically adapt to change and improve management outcomes.
This paper reviews the literature on the links between migration and forests in the Peruvian Amazon. It highlights not only the complexity of the migrant–forest interface in Peru but also the relative lack of research on these dynamics. Historically, offi
The contributions of forests to the well-being of humankind are far-reaching. Forests provide vital wood supplies and help to combat rural poverty, ensure food security and provide decent livelihoods; they offer promising mid-term green growth opportunities; and they deliver vital long-term environmental services, such as clean air and water, biodiversity, and mitigation of climate change. Building on data that is more comprehensive and reliable than ever before, covering 234 countries and territories, the Global Forest Resources Assessment 2015 shows encouraging signs of improved forest management and a global slowdown in deforestation. However these trend needs to be strengthened, especially in countries that are lagging behind. This desk reference provides the data reported by countries for the Global Forest Resources Assessment 2015. Presented in easy-to-consult tabular form, it is a useful companion to the synthesis report as well as to the more detailed figures available on the Forest Land Use Data Explorer website.
Smallholder farmers in northern Ghana and southern Burkina Faso manage the forest–farm interface, which comprises a complex mosaic of cultivated fields and fallows mixed with useful trees, parklands, remnant woodlands and forest reserves. The functions of
Building on data that is more comprehensive and reliable than ever before, covering 234 countries and territories, the Global Forest Resources Assessment 2015 shows encouraging signs of improved forest management and a global slowdown in deforestation. However these trends need to be strengthened, especially in countries that are lagging behind.