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At head of title: National Cooperative Highway Research Program.
A two-dimensional nonlinear p-version finite element method is developed for the analysis of boundary value problems relevant to elastomeric bridge bearings. The method incorporates polynomial shape functions of the hierarchic type for the modeling of large-deformations rubber elasticity. In addition, a frictional-contact algorithm based on a penalty formulation and suitable for the interaction of the pad with rigid flat surfaces is derived and implemented. The J sub 2 flow theory with isotropic hardening is utilized to model the reinforcing steel as a bilinear elastoplastic material. Examples are presented to illustrate the performance of the element and some guidelines for the selection of appropriate orders of interpolation and integration rules. The results of a study performed to examine the effects of several design parameters of the bearing are presented. Comparisons with experimental findings are shown. A dynamic lumped model for the walking of the bearing is developed. Viscous frictional interfaces with the girder and the abutment are included. Several cases are analyzed to investigate the factors that affect this phenomenon.
Prepared by the Highway Innovative Technology Evaluation Center (HITEC), a CERF Innovation Center. This report outlines the HITEC Technical Evaluation Plan for large seismic isolator and energy dissipation devices. The plan is designed to characterize the fundamental properties and performance characteritics of a wide range of devices produced by U.S. and overseas manufacturers. It describes a program of full-scale dynamic tests, the results of which should provide guidance to the transportation-engineering community regarding the performance of large seismic devices.
The purpose of this study was to analyze elastomeric bearing performance on the basis of elastomer hardness, shape factor, reinforcing shim orientation, degree of taper and compressive stress level with the goal of developing a simple design procedure which standardizes as many of those parameters as possible. Particular emphasis was placed on comparing the behavior of flat and tapered bearings. Experimentation included shear, compressive, and rotational stiffness tests, shear and compression fatigue loading, long-term compressive loading, and tests to determine compressive stress limits.
This report presents the results of tests and analyses performed on elastomeric bridge bearings. The focus of this research was the measurement of bearing deformations in the field and assessment of the feasibility of using instrumented elastomeric bearings to monitor bridge condition. The bearing deformations were successful measured in the field during the deck concrete pour and a static truck test. Shear, compression, rotation, and fatigue tests have been carried out in the laboratory and at the manufacturer's facility. Full scale bearings (shape factor 11) were tested at the manufacturer and installed in the field. Model bearings (shape factor 11 and one-quarter the plan area of the full scale bearings) were tested at the manufacturer and in the laboratory. Test bearings (shape factors 5,7, and 10) were tested in the laboratory. The bearing material was 50 Durometer neoprene. The analyses support the testing and considered the bridge-bearing system. The stiffnesses of the bearings are explicitly included in the analyses. A singular characteristic of this experimental research is the focus on the in-service behavior of the bearings.
This book comprises the proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineering 2021. The contents of this volume focus on specialty conferences in construction, environmental, hydrotechnical, materials, structures, transportation engineering, etc. This volume will prove a valuable resource for those in academia and industry.