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Smart Sensor Interfaces brings together in one place important contributions and up-to-date research results in this fast moving area. Smart Sensor Interfaces serves as an excellent reference, providing insight into some of the most challenging research issues in the field.
With contributions from an internationally-renowned group of experts, this book uses a multidisciplinary approach to review recent developments in the field of smart sensor systems, covering important system and design aspects. It examines topics over the whole range of sensor technology from the theory and constraints of basic elements, physics and electronics, up to the level of application-orientated issues. Developed as a complementary volume to ‘Smart Sensor Systems’ (Wiley 2008), which introduces the basics of smart sensor systems, this volume focuses on emerging sensing technologies and applications, including: State-of-the-art techniques for designing smart sensors and smart sensor systems, including measurement techniques at system level, such as dynamic error correction, calibration, self-calibration and trimming. Circuit design for sensor systems, such as the design of precision instrumentation amplifiers. Impedance sensors, and the associated measurement techniques and electronics, that measure electrical characteristics to derive physical and biomedical parameters, such as blood viscosity or growth of micro-organisms. Complete sensor systems-on-a-chip, such as CMOS optical imagers and microarrays for DNA detection, and the associated circuit and micro-fabrication techniques. Vibratory gyroscopes and the associated electronics, employing mechanical and electrical signal amplification to enable low-power angular-rate sensing. Implantable smart sensors for neural interfacing in bio-medical applications. Smart combinations of energy harvesters and energy-storage devices for autonomous wireless sensors. Smart Sensor Systems: Emerging Technologies and Applications will greatly benefit final-year undergraduate and postgraduate students in the areas of electrical, mechanical and chemical engineering, and physics. Professional engineers and researchers in the microelectronics industry, including microsystem developers, will also find this a thorough and useful volume.
This book presents ways of interfacing sensors to the digital world, and discusses the marriage between sensor systems and the IoT: the opportunities and challenges. As sensor output is often affected by noise and interference, the book presents effective schemes for recovering the data from a signal that is buried in noise. It also explores interesting applications in the area of health care, un-obstructive monitoring and the electronic nose and tongue. It is a valuable resource for engineers and scientists in the area of sensors and interfacing wanting to update their knowledge of the latest developments in the field and learn more about sensing applications and challenges.
With contributions from an internationally-renowned group of experts, this book uses a multidisciplinary approach to review recent developments in the field of smart sensor systems, covering important system and design aspects. It examines topics over the whole range of sensor technology from the theory and constraints of basic elements, physics and electronics, up to the level of application-orientated issues. Developed as a complementary volume to ‘Smart Sensor Systems’ (Wiley 2008), which introduces the basics of smart sensor systems, this volume focuses on emerging sensing technologies and applications, including: State-of-the-art techniques for designing smart sensors and smart sensor systems, including measurement techniques at system level, such as dynamic error correction, calibration, self-calibration and trimming. Circuit design for sensor systems, such as the design of precision instrumentation amplifiers. Impedance sensors, and the associated measurement techniques and electronics, that measure electrical characteristics to derive physical and biomedical parameters, such as blood viscosity or growth of micro-organisms. Complete sensor systems-on-a-chip, such as CMOS optical imagers and microarrays for DNA detection, and the associated circuit and micro-fabrication techniques. Vibratory gyroscopes and the associated electronics, employing mechanical and electrical signal amplification to enable low-power angular-rate sensing. Implantable smart sensors for neural interfacing in bio-medical applications. Smart combinations of energy harvesters and energy-storage devices for autonomous wireless sensors. Smart Sensor Systems: Emerging Technologies and Applications will greatly benefit final-year undergraduate and postgraduate students in the areas of electrical, mechanical and chemical engineering, and physics. Professional engineers and researchers in the microelectronics industry, including microsystem developers, will also find this a thorough and useful volume.
This book describes ultra low power capacitive sensor interfaces, and presents the realization of a very low power generic sensor interface chip that is adaptable to a broad range of capacitive sensors. The book opens by reviewing important design aspects for autonomous sensor systems, discusses different building blocks, and presents the modular architecture for the generic sensor interface chip. Finally, the generic sensor interface chip is shown in state-of-the-art applications.
Smart Sensors and MEMS: Intelligent Devices and Microsystems for Industrial Applications, Second Edition highlights new, important developments in the field, including the latest on magnetic sensors, temperature sensors and microreaction chambers. The book outlines the industrial applications for smart sensors, covering direct interface circuits for sensors, capacitive sensors for displacement measurement in the sub-nanometer range, integrated inductive displacement sensors for harsh industrial environments, advanced silicon radiation detectors in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectral range, among other topics. New sections include discussions on magnetic and temperature sensors and the industrial applications of smart micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). The book is an invaluable reference for academics, materials scientists and electrical engineers working in the microelectronics, sensors and micromechanics industry. In addition, engineers looking for industrial sensing, monitoring and automation solutions will find this a comprehensive source of information. Contains new chapters that address key applications, such as magnetic sensors, microreaction chambers and temperature sensors Provides an in-depth information on a wide array of industrial applications for smart sensors and smart MEMS Presents the only book to discuss both smart sensors and MEMS for industrial applications
1 1. 1 Introduction The (signal processing and storage) capacity ofthe human brain enables us to become powerful autonomous beings, but only if our brains operate in conjunction with (at least some of) our senses and muscles. Using these organs, we can interact with our environment, learn to adapt, and improve important aspects of our life. Similarly, the signal processing capabilities of modern electronics (computers) could be combined with electronic sensors and actuators to enable interaction with, and adaptation to, the (non-electrical) environment. This willlead to smarter and more powerful automated tools and machines. To facilitate and stimulate such a development, easy-to-use low-cost sensors are needed. The combination of electronic interface functions and a sensor in an integrated smart sensor, that provides a standard, digital, and bus-compatible output, would simplify the connection of sensors to standard electronic signal processors (microcontrollers, computers, etc. ). Currently, the calibration procedure, required for standardization of the sensor output signal level, contributes largely to the production costs of accurate sensors. To enable automation of the calibration procedure, and hence reduce the sensor fabrication costs, a digital calibrationjunction should be included in the smart sensor. INTEGRATED SMART SENSORS: Design and Calibration Introduction 1. 2 Sensors and actuators In industry many processes are electronically controlled. As depicted in Fig.
This book describes the design and characterisation of interface circuits for the dirct connection of sensors with a time-based output signal to a microcontroller. The topics analysed are (a) the performance of microcontrollers in timing signals, (b) the susceptibility of IC quasi-digital sensors to supply voltage changes and (c) the performanceof direct modulating sensor-to-microcontroller interfaces based on measuring the charging/discharging time of na RC circuit. The authors analyse the features and limitations of these interface circuits, and offer design rules and guidelines for improving their performance. This book interestes designers of microcontrollers and IC sensors, which can apply the theoretical models developed herein to predict and reduce the effects of power supply interference. It also interests electronic circuit designers, which can apply the test circuits, measurement methods and design rules to their own designs. Finally, the book being the result of doctoral thesis, it may inspire other researchers to engage in gaining further insight in some of the topics considered, and help them in learning a systematic approach to hypothesis formulation and testing