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Science is not a collection of facts. Science is the process by which we draw inferences from facts. Volume I of Logic and Critical Thinking in the Biomedical Sciences invites readers to linger over a collection of common observations to see what inferences can be drawn, when one applies a bit of deductive logic. If we just think about what we observe, it is often possible to discover profound biomedical insights.Volumes 1 and 2 of Logic and Critical Thinking in the Biomedical Sciences are written for biomedical scientists and college-level students engaged in any of the life sciences, including bioinformatics and related data sciences. - Provides a strong introduction to deductive methods that can be directly applied to the biomedical sciences - Using hundreds of examples, shows how creative scientists draw important inferences from observations that are often ignored by their peers - Discusses complex biological and medical concepts in a relaxed manner, intended to focus the reader's attention on the deductive process, without dwelling excessively on details
All too often, individuals engaged in the biomedical sciences assume that numeric data must be left to the proper authorities (e.g., statisticians and data analysts) who are trained to apply sophisticated mathematical algorithms to sets of data. This is a terrible mistake. Individuals with keen observational skills, regardless of their mathematical training, are in the best position to draw correct inferences from their own data and to guide the subsequent implementation of robust, mathematical analyses. Volume 2 of Logic and Critical Thinking in the Biomedical Sciences provides readers with a repertoire of deductive non-mathematical methods that will help them draw useful inferences from their own data.Volumes 1 and 2 of Logic and Critical Thinking in the Biomedical Sciences are written for biomedical scientists and college-level students engaged in any of the life sciences, including bioinformatics and related data sciences. - Demonstrates that a great deal can be deduced from quantitative data, without applying any statistical or mathematical analyses - Provides readers with simple techniques for quickly reviewing and finding important relationships hidden within large and complex sets of data - Using examples drawn from the biomedical literature, discusses common pitfalls in data interpretation and how they can be avoided
Classification Made Relevant: How Scientists Build and Use Classifications and Ontologies explains how classifications and ontologies are designed and used to analyze scientific information. The book presents the fundamentals of classification, leading up to a description of how computer scientists use object-oriented programming languages to model classifications and ontologies. Numerous examples are chosen from the Classification of Life, the Periodic Table of the Elements, and the symmetry relationships contained within the Classification Theorem of Finite Simple Groups. When these three classifications are tied together, they provide a relational hierarchy connecting all of the natural sciences. The book's chapters introduce and describe general concepts that can be understood by any intelligent reader. With each new concept, they follow practical examples selected from various scientific disciplines. In these cases, technical points and specialized vocabulary are linked to glossary items where the item is clarified and expanded. - Explains the theory and practice of classification, emphasizing the importance of classifications and ontologies to the modern fields of mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and medicine - Includes numerous real-world examples that demonstrate how bad construction technique can destroy the value of classifications and ontologies - Explains how we define and understand the relationships among the classes within a classification and how the properties of a class are inherited by its subclasses - Describes ontologies and how they differ from classifications and explains conditions under which ontologies are useful
This book will equip readers with all the skills needed to write convincing and polished assignments in biomedical sciences. The first part introduces the idea of writing for one's audience and enables readers to understand what's expected of them from different types of assignment. Part two provides detailed guidance on specific writing and presentation tasks, with individual chapters on essays, lab reports, reflective writing, posters and presentations. Parts three and four cover all of the key skills needed for successful writing in the biomedical sciences and help students develop a critical eye when selecting and researching information and create clear, well-structured assignments. Chapters contain top tips, examples and helpful summaries of key points, and three annotated sample assignments are provided in an appendix. This is an essential companion to any student studying biomedical science or related disciplines such as physiology, biomedical engineering, pharmacy, medicine and dentistry.
Welcome to the exciting world of Biomedical Science Professionals! If you are interested in a career in biomedical science, you’ve come to the right book. So what exactly do these people do on the job, day in and day out? What kind of skills and educational background do you need to succeed in this field? How much can you expect to make, and what are the pros and cons of these various professions? Is this even the right career path for you? How do you avoid burnout and deal with stress? This book can help you answer these questions and more. This book covers seven of the many, many careers in this growing and well-respected field. You’ll also find interviews with professionals talking about their day-to-day and their take on the future of their fields. Biomedical Engineer Clinical Biochemist Clinical Laboratory Technologists Epidemiologist Forensic Scientist Medical scientist Microbiologist
Modern medicine is one of humankind's greatest achievements.Yet today, frequent medical errors and irreproducibility in biomedical research suggest that tremendous challenges beset it. Understanding these challenges and trying to remedy them have driven considerable and thoughtful critical analyses, but the apparent intransigence of these problems suggests a different perspective is needed. Now more than ever, when we see options and opportunities for healthcare expanding while resources are diminishing, it is extremely important that healthcare professionals practice medicine wisely. In Medical Reasoning, neurologist Erwin B. Montgomery, Jr. offers a new and vital perspective. He begins with the idea that the need for certainty in medical decision-making has been the primary driving force in medical reasoning. Doctors must routinely confront countless manifestations of symptoms, diseases, or behaviors in their patients. Therefore, either there are as many different "diseases" as there are patients or some economical set of principles and facts can be combined to explain each patient's disease. The response to this epistemic conundrum has driven medicine throughout history: the challenge is to discover principles and facts and then to develop means to apply them to each unique patient in a manner that provides certainty. This book studies the nature of medical decision making systematically and rigorously in both an analytic and historical context, addressing medicine's unique need for certainty in the face of the enormous variety of diseases and in the manifestations of the same disease in different patients. The book also examines how the social, legal, and economic circumstances in which medical decision-making occurs greatly influence the nature of medical reasoning. Medical Reasoning is essential for those at the intersection of healthcare and philosophy.
Medical articles are one of the main vehicles of knowledge translation and evidence communication in the health sciences. Their correct structure and style alone are no longer enough to convey a clear understanding of the intended message. Readers must be able to understand the very essence of the article message. That is the purpose of this book.W
This work presents the latest development in the field of computational intelligence to advance Big Data and Cloud Computing concerning applications in medical diagnosis. As forum for academia and professionals it covers state-of-the-art research challenges and issues in the digital information & knowledge management and the concerns along with the solutions adopted in these fields.
Philosophy of Molecular Medicine: Foundational Issues in Theory and Practice aims at a systematic investigation of a number of foundational issues in the field of molecular medicine. The volume is organized around four broad modules focusing, respectively, on the following key aspects: What are the nature, scope, and limits of molecular medicine? How does it provide explanations? How does it represent and model phenomena of interest? How does it infer new knowledge from data and experiments? The essays collected here, authored by prominent scientists and philosophers of science, focus on a handful of mainstream topics in the philosophical literature, such as causation, explanation, modeling, and scientific inference. These previously unpublished contributions shed new light on these traditional topics by integrating them with problems, methods, and results from three prominent areas of contemporary biomedical science: basic research, translational and clinical research, and clinical practice.
We are pleased to release this digital edition of Ralph Johnson’s The Rise of Informal Logic as Volume 2 in the series Windsor Studies in Argumentation. This edition is a reprint of the previous Vale Press edition with some minor corrections. We have decided to make this the second volume in the series because it is such a compelling account of the formation of informal logic as a discipline, written by one of the founders of the field. The book includes essential chapters on the history and development of informal logic. Other chapters are key reflections on the theoretical issues raised by the attempt to understand informal argument. Many of the papers were previously published in important journals. A number of them were co-authored with J. Anthony Blair. Three of them have appeared only in the present book.