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The future safety of maritime transportation in the United States-a major factor in the nation's international trade and economic well-being-will depend heavily on the quality of port and waterways information systems. Many U.S. ports and waterways lack adequate information services, although certain elements of advanced systems are now available in some locations. Barriers to improvements in information systems include the division of responsibilities for waterways management among multiple agencies at all levels of government, a lack of coordination among the federal agencies responsible for waterways management, inadequate budgets for some critical maritime programs, the high costs of some specialized technologies, stakeholder opposition to user fees, limited access to certain key data, the incompatibility of many independently developed systems, and the absence of standards for some attractive technologies. In this report, the second phase of a three-year study by the Committee on Maritime Advanced Information Systems of the National Research Council, a strategy is presented for overcoming the major barriers and deficiencies and providing a minimum level of maritime safety information nationwide. In this phase of the study, the committee concentrated on maritime information systems that promote safety, which is the area of greatest need. The committee did not examine in detail the relationship between navigation safety and maritime transportation efficiency or evaluate information systems that promote efficiency; the committee believes, however, that these issues deserve further attention.
The Australian company Kimberley Environmental Solutions Pty Ltd was formed in June 2006 for the purpose of harvesting the abundant water weed found in the northern waterways of Western Australia, and then turning it into cattle feed There was a serious shortage of cattle feed in the whole of Australia at this time, mainly due to the drought conditions that had existed for several years in the eastern states, and this shortage of feed also affected the north of Western Australia. This book covers all that was learnt during the six years that the company was operational in Kununurra (it being wound up in 2013), and the Case Histories Section looks in detail at the projects that the company was invited to bid for in China and Nigeria. Most of the major waterways in the world appear to have a weed or algae problem that will have to be dealt with if the world is to continue to enjoy clean fresh water. The author of this book and his fellow directors have all come to the conclusion that water weeds and algae are a valuable natural resource that we should find ways of utilizing for the benefit of mankind.
The Clean Water Act (CWA) requires that wetlands be protected from degradation because of their important ecological functions including maintenance of high water quality and provision of fish and wildlife habitat. However, this protection generally does not encompass riparian areasâ€"the lands bordering rivers and lakesâ€"even though they often provide the same functions as wetlands. Growing recognition of the similarities in wetland and riparian area functioning and the differences in their legal protection led the NRC in 1999 to undertake a study of riparian areas, which has culminated in Riparian Areas: Functioning and Strategies for Management. The report is intended to heighten awareness of riparian areas commensurate with their ecological and societal values. The primary conclusion is that, because riparian areas perform a disproportionate number of biological and physical functions on a unit area basis, restoration of riparian functions along America's waterbodies should be a national goal.
How can countries revive inland waterway transportation? A study of how and why China improved its inland waterways for transportation can be informative for other countries, providing relevant insights and valuable lessons.