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"The assessment builds on the work of the Livestock, Environment and Development (LEAD) Initiative"--Pref.
This state-of-the-art reference book includes comprehensive coverage of the biology and control of African, Asian and South American trypanosomiasis ("sleeping sickness") in man and animals. It describes recent research developments in the biology and molecular biology of trypanosomes (the protozoan parasite) and their vectors, and methods in diagnosis and control, such as trapping tsetse fly vectors. Different sections of the book are devoted to biology of trypanosomes, vector biology, epidemiology and diagnosis, pathogenesis, disease impact, chemotherapy and disease control, and vector control. The book contains contributions from leading experts from Europe, North and South America, and Africa.
Trypanosomiasis poses a considerable constraint on livestock-agricultural development in tsetse-infested areas of sub-Saharan Africa. Many efforts to limit or eradicate trypanosomiasis have failed or have had limited success. However, in certain areas of West Africa, livestock production remains possible, despite the presence of tsetse fly, through the use of cattle and small ruminant breeds that are tolerant to the disease. This paper provides an overview of the problem and the various options for its control. Emphasis is placed on the definition of the role of trypanotolerant livestock as an integrated approach to control the disease.
Significance of Trypanotolerance as a control option; Trypanotolerant livestock, a sustainable option for increasing livestock production in tsetse-affected areas; Biology of Trypanotolerance; Factors affecting estimation of tsetse challenge and the expression of trypanotolerance; Field research on measurement and use of trypanotolerance criteria to enhance trypanotolerant livestock productivity; Field research on measurement and use of trypanotolerance criteria to enhance trypanotolerant livestock productivity: 1. ILCA's achievements and future plans; Field research on measurement and use of trypanotolerance criteria to enhance trypanotolerant livestock productivity: 2 recent results quantifying trypanotolerance indicators; Genetic improvement of growth parameters in N'Dama cattle in Mali; Characterization and mechanisms of trypanotolerance in Baoule cattle; Antibody responses to the surface-exposed epitoses of the trypanosome variable surface glycoprotein in N'Dama and Boran cattle; Antibody responses to invariant antigens of Trypanosoma congolense; CD5+ B lymphocytes in cattle infected with African trypanosomiasis; Comparative bone marrow responses during Trypanosoma congolense infection in N'Dama and Boran cattle; Markers for mapping trypanotolerance genes; The Orma Boran - ten years of field observations; Variation in susceptibility to tsetse-borne trypanosomiasis among Bos indicus cattle breeds in East Africa; Variations in susceptibility to the effects of trypanosomiasis in East African zebu cattle; Adoption, utilization and impact of Trypanotolerance; Promotion of N'Dama stockbreeding and extension activities in village herds in the Yanfolila area of Mali; The economics of trypanotolerant cattle production in regions of origin and areas of introduction; Cattle breed preferences and breeding practices in southern Nigeria; Salvaging the image of the N'Dama breed: productivity evidence from village production systems in The Gambia; Ecological, social and economic impacts of trypanotolerance: collaborative research in Central and West Africa; Conservation, preservation, enhancement and propagation; Characterization, conservation and utilization of indigenous African animal genetic resources - ILCA's proposed program; Progress in molecular and genetic characterization of cattle populations, with emphasis of African breeds; Multiplication of improved trypanotolerant livestock; Programme for conservation of domestic animal diversity: a food and agriculture organization contribution to conserving animal genetic resources; Breeding biotechnologies.
Annotation. Illustrated with review studies on animal health economics, this book presents information on the most important economic tools applied to livestock, covering both theory and practical applications. Topics covered include gross margin analysis, partial budgeting, investment and financial appraisal and cost-benefit analysis. There are also sections on decision tree analysis, optimisation methods, value chain analysis, new institutional economics, DALYs and a range of policy analysis tools. International experts contribute on important theoretical and practical aspects of animal health and production economics, with global themes on livestock and poverty.