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This is the first English translation of the works of Heinrich Pesch, SJ (1854-1926). Pesch, a German Jesuit scholar and economist, wrote the longest, most exhaustive economics text ever written, one that deserves to be regarded as a kind of Summa Economica. The five-volume Lehrbuch der Nationalokonomie examines all serious economic thinking up until Pesch's time, culling what was deficient, retaining what was worthwhile, and filling in what its author perceived to be lacking. The result was a design for an economic system that is opposed to both classically liberal capitalism and state socialism, based instead on Aristotelian-Thomistic philosophical premises. Pesch developed many of the basic principles which emerged in the social encyclicals of the Catholic Church.
Presents the preceding and alternative economic systems (mercantilism, physiocracy, Smith's individualistic system, and socialism) in contract with Pesch's own proposed system: the Solidaristic System of Human Work. There follows an analysis of national wealth and its two principle dispositional bases, natural resources and population. In refuting the Malthusian analysis, Pesch provides the maxim that if we see to the quality of the population, there need be no concern about its quantity.
Contrary to conventional wisdom about capitalism, the pervasive norm to acquire wealth and the zealous mission to fight poverty have their double sides often unsaid, in that there is no wealth without poverty, just as there is no poverty without wealth, such that more wealth also creates more poverty. Consider, for instance, America, which is regarded by many as the wealthiest country on Earth at the turn of the 21st century. Yet, this wealthiest country on Earth is also the most hated one around the world, as a soul-searching question after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks is, Why do they hate us so? Isn't it paradoxical, Dr. Baofu asks, that this enormous accumulation of wealth ends up creating more hatred and violence around the world, instead of contributing to a more prosperous, humane one? Is there something fundamentally wrong in this seductive idea of wealth acquisition in capitalism? The wealth paradox disappears, as Dr. civilization which prides itself on acquiring wealth as the central focus of life meaning is too inadequate to fulfill fully the domains of life on material, relational and spiritual concerns. It is so, since capitalism, as a historical contingency to fight the material impoverishment of pre-modernity, overdoes itself as a historical solution to the problem of poverty and will not last, to be superseded by what Dr. Baofu originally proposed as its successor, post-capitalism.
This work analyzes formal and informal markets for microfinance in rural Argentina. It provides a broad overview of rural financial markets in all their forms. It carefully describes the ways in which small, rural producers use financial services, be they saving services, loans or payment services. It then describes the current state of the supply of the rural microfinance, covering a variety of institutional forms such as public banks, private banks, cooperatives, non-governmental organizations, and input suppliers. After comparing demand with supply to determine mismatches, it suggests improvements in the micro and macro structure of the market that would likely improve long-term access to rural microfinance for small products.
This study looks at the international coffee trade, examining how it has been impacted by worldwide supply, conflicts between consumers and producers, international regimes that employ quotas and the linkage between international security regimes led by hegemonic regional and international powers.